Almond oil
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Almond oil is extracted from sweet almonds through expression. Sweet almonds come from Prunus amygdalus and do not contain toxic chemicals, unlike bitter almonds. Almond oil is pale yellow with a nutty taste and slight odor. It is composed primarily of oleic acid. Almond oil is used in cosmetics, as a laxative when taken internally, as a vehicle for oily injections, and as a flavoring agent. It has emollient properties.
Almond oil
- 2. PHARMACOGONSY Almond Oi l PRESENTED BY: Maryam Mufti CMS#12612
- 4. BOTANICAL ORIGIN: Prunus amygdalus FAMILY: Rosaceae COMMON NAME: Almond milk , almond oil , amygdale amara , amygdalin , bitermandel , bitter almond , oil of almonds , volatile almond oil Prunus: classic name of plum tree Amygdalus: almond tree (Greek word)
- 5. HABITAT: The tree is native to Asia ,Iran and Syria and is cultivated and naturalized in all tropical and warm temperate region. Commercial products are obtained mostly from Sicily, southern Italy, southern France ,northern Africa and California .
- 6. The sweet almond is mentioned early in old testament as one of the fruits Israel commanded his sons to carry from Palestine as a gift to Egypt Theophrastus makes several references to the almond Charlemagne introduce the tree on imperial farms and in fourteenth century almond was an important item in Venetian trade
- 7. Almonds are a familiar type of nut. They can be sweet or bitter, depending on the type of tree. Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus var. dulcis) and does not contain poisonous chemicals. The sweet almond is 2-3 cm in length. Rounded at one end and pointed at the other. Bitter almond from (Prunus amygdalus var. amara) and contain toxic chemicals.The bitter almond is 1.5-2 cm in length but of similar breadth to the sweet almond.
- 8. Oleic acid (77%) Linoleic acid (17%) Palmitic acid (5%) Myristic (1%)
- 9. CONSTITUENT OF BITTER ALMOND OIL 2.5-4% colorless, crystalline, cyanogenetic glycoside amygdalin Benz aldehyde 21% hydrocyanic acid
- 10. Both bitter and sweet almonds are expressed for their fixed oil (45-50%) by expression from the kernels of varieties of P.amygdalus. Bitter almonds after maceration to permit hydrolysis of amygdalin, also yield Essential or volatile oil that is used as flavoring agent . Oil is pale yellow liquid with a slight odor & bland, nutty taste.
- 11. Almond oil is obtained by grinding the seeds and expressing them in canvas bags between slightly heated iron plates . They are sometimes blanched before grinding. It contains a considerable amount of olein ,with smaller quantities of the glycosides of linoleic and other acids. The Benz aldehyde and hydrocyanic acid are separated by steam distillation.
- 13. Used In The Preparation Of Many Toilet Articles Used As Ingredient In Cosmetic When Taken Internally, It Has Mild Laxative Action
- 14. As A Vehicle For Oily Injections Used As Flavoring Agent Used As Emollient
- 15. 15
- 16. Trease and Evans' Pharmacognosy 16th Edition By William Charles Evans Pharmacognosy - Varro E. Tyler, Lynn R. Brady
Editor's Notes
- #16: Balmandol® (liquid) –emollient for dry skin (Almond oil + paraffin ).