An Exploration of Grid Computing to be Utilized in Teaching and Research at TU

Int. J. Advanced Networking and Applications
Volume: 6 Issue: 3 Pages: 2291-2299 (2014) ISSN : 0975-0290
2291
An Exploration of Grid Computing to be
Utilized in Teaching and Research at TU
Dr. Mohammed A.M. Ibrahim & Group of Grid Computing
Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University
Email: sabri1966@yahoo.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT---------------------------------------------------------------
Taiz University (TU) has a hundreds of computing resources on different campuses for use in areas from offices
work to general access student labs. However, these resources are not used to their full potential. Grid computing
is a technology that is capable to unify these resources and utilize them in very significant way. The difficulties
of funding a complete grid computing environment and also, the difficulties of grid tools makes teachers and
researchers in TU unable to involve in teaching and research in grid computing or in distributed computing.
These problems raised up our awareness to mitigate this problem by build a simple environment for Grid
computing from resources are available in TU and the built environment we can use it for teaching and research.
The objective of this paper is to build, implement and testing a grid computing environment (Globus Toolkit). To
achieving this objective we built the hardware and software parts, and configured several basic grid services
commands line and web portal. The test result for basic grid services have been indicated that our proposed grid
computing model is promising and can use in teaching and research in TU. The paper takes a look at how grid
computing is realizing this aim and have created unbelievable opportunities for students, teachers and
researchers at TU in addition the result of this paper will make TU a pilot to the other universities in whole
Yemen in field of Grid and distributing computing.
Keywords - Grid Computing, Network Computing, Software and Hardware of Grid Computing,
Grid Evaluation.
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Date of Submission: October 20, 2014 Date of Acceptance: November 20, 2014
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1. INTRODUCTION
Grid computing is an approach where the end user can
be offered any of the services that provide by a grid or a
network of computer system located either in a Locally or
in geographical area. in grid computing user can
dynamically select and locate any recourses such as
(processing power, disk storage, applications, etc). In
another hand grid computing integrate hardware and
software by network , for multiple different organizations
to be available to any of the users of any of these multiple
organizations. Grid computing has many goals such as :
providing remote access to IT assets, and aggregating
processing power more detail in [1]. huge number of
research have studied the grid computing in different areas
and also, many researchers have defined the grid
computing, Foster and Kesselman [2] Define a
computational Grid “as a hardware and software
infrastructure that provides dependable, consistent,
pervasive, and inexpensive access to high-end
computational capabilities.” Grid computing is concerned
with coordinated resource sharing and problem solving in
dynamic, multi-institutional virtual organizations. TU
saver a shortages in funding and also in skills for grid
computing technology for mitigating these shortages we
come up with this paper which is maiming to implement a
grid computing environment (Globus Toolkit).We choose
to implement grid and its tools because Grids can more
easily deal with the enormous increasing amounts of data
and provide tools to access, securely share data between
trusted sources, storage and to solve other problems. To
achieving this objective we built the hardware and
software parts, and configured several basic grid services
of a grid, this grid not be targeted to specific domain, we
followed a general simplified architecture that leads to
general practical results and build a wide skills knowledge
in grid computing technology, we separated out the group
of the different components and functionalities of the grid
into smaller groups or parts distributed over different
machines.
2. TYPES OF GRID
Grid computing address various kinds of applications
used in many areas, grid computing are categorized by
the type which are summarized below [3]:
• Computational: A computational grid is
focused on setting aside resources specifically for
compute power. In this type of grid most of the
machines are high-performance servers.
• Scavenging: A scavenging grid is most
commonly used with large numbers of desktop
machines. In [4,5] machines are scavenged for
available CPU cycles and other resources.
Owners of the desktop machines are usually

2292
given control of when their resources are
available to participate in the grid.
• Data grid: The main task of data grid is storing
and providing access to data across multiple
organizations. an example, that if multiple
organizations using an application, each
organization has unique data. A data grid would
allow these organizations to share their data,
manage the data, and manage security issues such
as who has access to what data[6].
3. GRID ARCHITECTURE
Grid computing should has number of characteristics
and features that are required by a grid to provide
users with a computing environment and the detail of
these characteristics can be find in [7, 8]. Foster,
Kesselman, & Tuecke, proposed a new grid
architecture exploration can be seen in [9] this
architecture, identifies the basic components of a grid
system, defines the purpose and functions of such
components and indicates how each of these
components interacts with one another, the new
architectures shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Grid Architecture
4. Grid Components
The major components that are necessary to form a
grid computing and the detail of those components
can be find in [10].
5. Implementation Requirements
To implement a grid computing model (Globus Toolkit)
the hardware requirements and software requirements
should be introduce as follows:
1. Hardware
The implementation test bad of grid computing model
consisted of three machines each machine can be
regarded as a source of computing power and data
storage capacity and all machines are identical in
specification, which is listed below.
Intel® Core ® 2 Due Processor (2CPUs)
2.40GHz, 2M cache
Integrated Broadcom 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi
Adapter
2MB DDR2 Memory
250GB Serial ATA Hard Drive
These three machines will play the roles as servers as
follow:
a). CA Server: Is the Digital certification authority
server Used for issuing digital certificates (X.509
certificates) to grid users, resources and services.
b). MyProxy Server: is An online credential repository
used to store X.509 proxy credentials, protected by a
passphrase, for later retrieval over the network so you
and other applications can access your credentials
remotely. This eliminates the need for manually
copying private key and certificate files between
machines. MyProxy-Server can also be used for
authentication to grid portals and credential renewal
with job managers.
c). Portal Server: is a portal-server where the grid
portal resides, the Grid portal is the access point to a
web system; it provides an environment where the user
can access the resources and services of the Grid,
implement and monitor network applications and
collaborate with other users.
2. Software Requirements
The basic software requirements that must be
satisfied by any grid
implementation are :
• Ubuntu Desktop Edition 11.04
We use Ubuntu as the main platform. Development
tools and various other packages were installed as
needed on each of the machine. Globus Toolkit
Version 4.2.1 (GT4)
The open source Globus® Toolkit is a fundamental
enabling technology for the "Grid," letting people
share computing power, databases, and other tools
securely online across corporate, institutional, and
geographic boundaries without sacrificing local
autonomy. The toolkit includes software services
and libraries for resource monitoring, discovery,
and management, plus security and file
management[11,12].
• Grid Portal
we used the OGCE portal v2.5, it includes
everything you need to get started building a Java-
based Grid portal, including Tomcat 5.5 web
server, GridSphere 2.1 portlet container, and
OGCE Grid portlets.
• Apache Tomcat 5.5
Apache Tomcat is an open source web server and
servlet container developed by the Apache
Software Foundation (ASF). Tomcat implements
Application
Collective
Resource
Connectivity
Fabric

Int. J. Advanced Networking and Applicatio
Volume: 6 Issue: 3 Pages: 2291-2299 (20
the Java Servlet and the JavaServe
specifications from Sun Micro
provides a "pure Java" HTTP
environment for Java code to run in.
• MyProxy v 4.2
MyProxy is an open source software
X.509 Public Key Infrastructure
credentials (certificates and private k
• GridSphere 2.1 portlet cont
The GridSphere portal framework
open-source portlet bas
portal. GridSphere enables develope
develop and package third-party
applications that can be run and
within the GridSphere portlet contain
• OGCE Portal v2.5
OGCE portal v2.5 includes everythin
get started building a Java-based
including Tomcat 5.5 web server, G
portlet container, and OGCE Grid portle
6. GRID COMPUTING MODEL DE
ARCHITECTURE
The main focus of this section is
hardware and software parts, and con
basic grid services of a grid in w
implement and test them. Our pr
computing model will not be target
domain, we will follow a gene
architecture that leads to general practi
are going to separate out the group o
components and functionalities of
smaller groups or parts distributed
machines so we can examine and get a
each one functionalities. Figure 2
proposed architecture.
Figure 2. Proposed Grid Architecture Mode
ons
14) ISSN : 0975-0290
er Pages (JSP)
osystems, and
web server
e for managing
(PKI) security
keys).
tainer
provides an
sed Web
ers to quickly
y portlet web
d administered
ner.
ng you need to
Grid portal,
GridSphere 2.1
ets
ESIGN AND
s building the
nfigure several
which we will
roposed grid
ted to specific
ral simplified
ical results, we
of the different
the grid into
over different
a clear view of
2. shows our
el
7. ACCESSING THE GRID
In order for the accessing the propos
computing, user should create a se
key cryptography and request his
Certificate Authority and a copy o
the CA.
1. Obtaining signed certificate
Before users be able to request th
a specific CA, they first should c
to trust that CA by coping CA’s
GSI in their hosts, Figure 3.
procedure describe the steps to
communication [13]:
1. Copy the Certificate Author
our grid host with which we s
2. Creating private key and a ce
3. after that we send the certif
by e-mail or another more se
running a production sys
positively identify the sender
Figure 3. Obtaining Signed Certificat
When that procedure has been co
digital certificate should to be re
user will have three important fil
host and these files are:
• The CA’s public key
• The grid host’s private key
• The grid host’s digital cert
Mapping Global name of a Grid
name in each resource of the gri
user is going to use.
2. Accessing the grid through the g
A certain things should be done firs
access and use the grid resources a
the grid portal from any machine th
portal web server, before anythin
2293
sed architecture grid
et of keys for public
certificate from the
of the public key of
s from CA server:
heir certificates from
configure their hosts
public key to setup
and the following
o establish the GSI
rity’s public key to
setup GSI.
ertificate request.
ficate request to CA
ecure way if you are
stem and need to
r.
tes from CA Server
ompleted the signed
eceived, at that time
les on his own grid
y
tificate
user to a local user
id resources that the
grid portal
st before the user can
and services through
hat has access to the
ng a kind of trust

relationship between portal web ser
underling grid architecture should exist. I
to access the grid through the portal the p
able to access the grid on that user beha
achieved with the help of Myproxy
manages grid users credentials and dele
privileges to the portal server or any othe
has access to the grid. The followin
describe all the process in order.
a). Delegation of Credential to MyP
After the user has acquired his Grid cr
use this credential to delegate his pr
grid portal. To delegate (store) a prox
the MyProxy server, the user would run
client program (contained in the M
package) on the machine (or logge
manner - e.g. an encrypted Secure
where he can access his X.509 creden
passphrase that encrypts the private
with this credential) and delegate a pr
to the MyProxy server repository
authentication information.
Figure 4. Delegation of Privileges to MyPro
b). Retrieval of Credential from My
To obtain a proxy credential from
server, the user must provide a user
passphrase then user delegated a prox
the MyProxy server. Figure 5. shows
retrieval of proxy credential from
server.
ons
14) ISSN : 0975-0290
rver and the
If a user wants
portal should be
alf, this can be
Server which
egation of user
er machine that
ng subsections
Proxy server:
edential he can
rivileges to the
xy credential in
n myproxy-init
MyProxy server
d in a secure
Shell session)
ntial (using the
key associated
roxy credential
y along with
oxy server.
yProxy server:
the MyProxy
rname and the
xy credential in
s the steps for
the MyProxy
Figure 5. Retrieval Proxy Credent
server.
2. Data Management
GridFTP: GridFTP is a high-pe
reliable data transfer protocol o
bandwidth wide-area networks. Th
is based on FTP [14].One of the
GridFTP is that it enables third-pa
party transfer is suitable for an envir
is a large file in remote storage and
copy it to another remote server our
is similar to that in [15] , as illustrate
Figure 6. GridFTP third-part
• Reliable File Transfer Se
web service that provid
controlling and monitoring
transfers using GridFTP ser
controlling the transfer which
Grid service so it can be man
state model and queried usin
interfaces available to all Gri
shows the RST and GridFTP1
2294
tial from MyProxy
erformance, secure,
ptimized for high-
he GridFTP protocol
e major features of
arty transfer. Third-
ronment where there
d the client wants to
r work in this section
ed in Figure 6.
y transfer .
ervice (RFT): is a
des interfaces for
g third party file
rvers. The client
h hosted inside of a
naged using the soft
ng the Service Data
id services figure 7.
16].
56

Figure 7. RST and GridFTP
8. INSTALLATION
CONFIGURATION STEPS O
COMPUTING MODEL
step 1:
Install and configure the software require
grid computing in all machines and s
software are as follows:
• Globus Toolkit installer, from G
Java J2SE 1.5.0+ SDK from Sun
BEA (do not use GCJ). IOD
requirement for RLS) ,Tomcat
WebMDS, optional for other servic
VOMS parsing
•Setting up the Resource or Ma
This Settings applies to all node ma
considered as a resource donor, in our
these machines are:
node1.grid.local
node2.grid.local
node3.grid.local
step 2: Install Portal Server
Step 3: Setup Certificate Authority Serve
include the following:
1) 1. Create users: user account, A g
account.
2) Run the setup script.
3) Configure the Subject Name:
• CA Name components:
• Identifies the particular certifica
certificate.
• Identifies the CA from other CA
SimpleCA.
4. Configure the CA's email
5. Configure the expiration date
6. Enter a passphrase
7. Confirm generated certificate
8. Complete setup of GSI
Step 4:
ons
14) ISSN : 0975-0290
AND
OF GRID
ed for build our
some of these
Globus Toolkit,
n, IBM, HP, or
DBC (compile
(required by
ces), gLite Java
achine
achines that is
r infrastructure
er and this step
generic globus
ate as the CA
As created by
1. Configure MyProxy version
server can be configured
the myproxy-server-setup comman
2. Manage User Credentials
A. Initialize Credentials
B. Retrieve Credentials
Step5:
1. Distribute Service Credentials
A. Initialize Credentials
B. Retrieve Credentials
9. RESULT OVERVIEW.
1). After finished the Installation
steps to the proposed model for gr
8. shown the result or the work ha
Figure 8. System after Insta
Configuration
2). Testing Grid Nodes
a). Testing Java WS Core
after setup, install and configure ou
started testing if it is work properl
promised and encouragement resul
grid model can be used as a
environment for research and for tea
9. shown promised result In each
configured to run the Globus contain
run all commands which used for g
as:
globus-start-container this com
security requirements has been set
requirements has not yet been set
following command: globus-start-co
2295
4.0 and Myproxy-
automatically by
nd
n and Configuration
rid computing, figure
as been done:
allation and
ur model of Grid we
y we have found a
lts that indicate our
an grid computing
aching in TU , figure
grid's nodes that is
ner, globus user can
grid computing such
mmand use only if
up , but if security
up user can run the
ontainer –nosec

2296
Figure 9. Starting the Java WS Core Container
3. Testing GridFTP
To testing GridFTP user should get a user
credentials from MyProxy Server than he can
use myproxy client tools- by typing: myproxy-
logon -l griduser3 -s myproxy-server.grid.local.
figure 10. illustrated the following result
which is the affection of pervious command
which also indicted the capability of high
performance and transfer secure data between
grid's nodes
Figure 10.Ttransfer with Globus-url-copy Command
4. Testing Reliable File Transfer Service (RFT)
Figure 11. shows the result of testing RFT by
Submitting a transfer to the Reliable File Transfer
Service and prints out the status of the transfer on the
console.
Figure 11. RFT File Transfer Result
5. Testing WS GRAM: Services provide secure job
submission in grid computing. WS GRAM enables the
client to add a self-generated resource Figure 12. shows
the result of running simple WS GRAM command.
Figure 12. Running Simple WS GRAM Command
6. Testing Grid Servers
1. Testing MyProxy Server:
in this test we have testing MyProxy server for two
processes these are:
• First process is storing users credentials to
MyProxy server – through command line :
myproxy-server.grid.local. Figure 13. shows the
process of storing user credentials of user griduser3
to myproxy server and this result is powerful
indication for our grid model that can be used for
different applications such as cultural heritage
available in digital form which will be test bed on
the proposed grid model.
Figure 13. Storing Users Credentials to MyProxy Server
• second process is retrieving users credentials
from MyProxy server – through command line:
myproxy-server.grid.local, Here Figure 14. shows
the process of retrieving user’s credentials of user
griduser3 from MyProxy server.
Figure 14. Retrieving Users Credentials
2. Testing grid Portal Server
Web portal provides a pool of services and information
that users can access. A Grid portal is a web server that
provides the framework in which grid services are
housed and accessed and user can submit compute jobs,
transfer files, and query Grid information services from
a standard web browser. we have Configured and
installed Open Grid Computing Environment
(OGCE) Portal , we have previously shown how we can
access our grid computing model using the commands
line now we are going to access the proposed grid
computing model using grid web portal and Figure 15.
shows the login page, we can access it from any
machine by pointing the browser to http://portal-
server.grid.local:8080/gridsphere,this is myproxy
server address, we have already registered a portal user
with login name gridadmin which we will get any grid
user credentials from myproxy server and start using the
grid with that credentials

2297
Figure 15. Login page of the grid portal
At the time we login, all basic deployed portals will be
displayed in taps as in shown in figure 16. deployed
portlets are the following:
Figure 16. Taps of Deployed Portal.
3. Using Grid Portal to Get User proxy Credentials
from Myproxy server:
Figure 17 shows the File Management Portal. Files can
be uploaded or downloaded through the browser.
Myproxy-portlet provides us with the credentials to use
the grid due to after logging to the grid portal the user is
not able to use the grid services until getting a proxy
credentials of an already registered grid user from
myproxy server, using a grid user name and password
via the following address: myproxy-server.grid.local
address.
Figure 17. File Management Portal
4.Grid Security Infrastructure GSI: is responsible for
providing APIs and tools for authentication, authorization
and certificate management to our proposed grid model
figure 18. shows the GSI proxy credentials loaded into an
account and will be valid for two hours.
Figure 18. GSI Proxy Credentials Loaded from Myproxy
Server
5. File Transfer and Job Submission Through the
Grid Portal:
Figure 19 shows the Job Submission Portal, Information
of fields available and resources of sending and
receiving the job must be entered as a GRAM resource
in a configuration file in order to show up in the Host list
as once can see in the figure 19,20.
Figure 19. Job Submission Portlet

2298
Figure 20.File Transfer Portlet not Connected
10. CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORKS
TU's campuses have more one thousand computing
resources in computer labs and offices most of them
connecting to networks and almost their time are idle time
. Grid computing is mechanism to integrate or unify all of
these resources and harness their computing power
effectively, all these features of grid motivated us to
brought TU into the grid computing field. Globus Toolkit
provide the necessary features such as the ability of utilize
idle time on any machines around campuses and this will
give TU powerful high performance computing resources
without any additional cost, in addition the results we have
gained them from the Adoption and testing the proposed
grid computing model in two ways commands line and
web portal interfaces which are mitigate the complexity of
the shortage of using grid computing fields in TU. After
the successes of this work which was as starting point to
get the grid computing technology work in place and the
skills and knowledge in grid computing that we have
gained, we about to start scale up our grid model to
integrate all computing resources in labs and offices to
built large-scale grid computing and make it available to
students, faculty, and researchers. we have built our grid
model and installed Globus Toolkit Version 4.2.1on three
machines including security components, Apon
GridPortal, Ubuntu Desktop Edition 11.04, OGCE portal
v2.5, Apache Tomcat 5.5, MyProxy v 4.2, GridSphere 2.1,
portlet container and others grid software need.
Many tasks involved in effective use of the grid were
discussed with example executions in section 6. Among
these were credential management by requesting
credentials with gridcert-request, creating proxy
credentials with grid proxyinit, and using the MyProxy
Server. result gained from commands line and portal
interfaces ware shown , Java WS Core, GridFTP, RFT,
WS GRAM, MyProxy Server, Portal Server, Grid Portal to
Get User proxy Credentials, GSI, Transfer and Job
Submission Through the Grid Portal using command-line
and portal interfaces both mechanisms were works
correctly. Results with the final deployment of GridSphere
and GridPort , proxy management, file management, and
the resource monitoring services work without a problem.
After a successful testing period for the proposed grid
computing and gained the promising and encouragement
results which motivated us to start integrating the
computing resources at TU into what we plan to called it
the campus grid and we believe our future large-scale
campus grid computing will help to further unite the
campus' computing power and give students, faculty and
researchers a stronger system with which to work.
REFRENCES
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[11] GlobusToolkit4.2.1 Download:
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[13] S. Tarkoma Efficient Content-based Routing,
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Matching “, Report A-2, ISBN 952-10-3055-0, 2006.
[14] H. Subramoni, P. Lai, R. Ketti, High Performance
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Computing (CCGrid), (May 2010).
[15] Introduction to Grid Computing:
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg24677
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[16] J. .Jacob1, R. E. Blessing, J. R. I. Ballasting. Impact
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4890,Volum 2 issue 6 June 2014
Authors Biography
Mohammed A.M. Ibrahim born in Taiz
city, Yemen, received his BSc degree in
computer science from Baghdad University,
Iraq , in 1991, also he received his MSc in
computer science &engineering from
Shanghai University China,1996, and his
PhD degree in computer science and engineering from
Shanghai Jiaotong University, China ,2003, his research
interests include grid computing, cloud computing
,distributing computing ,network computing, network
security.

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