And or graph
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The document discusses AND/OR graphs, which are a type of graph or tree used to represent solutions to problems that can be decomposed into smaller subproblems. AND/OR graphs have nodes that represent goals or states, with successors labeled as either AND or OR branches. AND branches signify subgoals that must all be achieved to satisfy the parent goal, while OR branches indicate alternative subgoals that could achieve the parent goal. The graph helps model how decomposed subproblems relate and their solutions combine to solve the overall problem.
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Photometric calibrationAli A Jalil The document discusses various factors that affect the mapping of light intensity arriving at a camera lens to digital pixel values stored in an image file. It describes the radiometric response function, vignetting, and point spread function, which characterize how light is mapped and degraded by the camera imaging system. Sources of noise during image sensing and processing steps are also outlined. Methods to model and remove vignetting effects as well as deconvolve blur and noise in images using estimated point spread functions and noise levels are presented.
Interconnection Network
Interconnection NetworkAli A Jalil Interconnection Network
in this presentation there are some explain to Interconnection Network , and espically in computer architecture and parallel processing.
Polygon drawing
Polygon drawingAli A Jalil Polygon Drawing
CG Seminar
By Ali Abdul_Zahraa
This document discusses polygons in computer graphics. It defines polygons as 2D shapes bounded by line segments and vertices. The main types of polygons are convex, concave, and complex. Convex polygons have interior angles less than 180 degrees, while concave polygons have at least one interior angle greater than 180 degrees. The document also covers regular and irregular polygons, polygon rendering processes like scan conversion and rasterization, and algorithms for 2D and 3D polygon drawing.
Polygon drawing
Polygon drawingAli A Jalil This document discusses polygons in computer graphics. It defines a polygon as a 2D shape bounded by line segments. There are different types of polygons including convex, concave, and complex. It also discusses algorithms for drawing 2D and 3D polygons, including using a frame buffer and the parity test to determine what parts of a scan line are inside the polygon. Key steps in polygon rendering algorithms are sorting edge crossings and filling between edge pairs.
Features image processing and Extaction
Features image processing and ExtactionAli A Jalil This document discusses various techniques for extracting features and representing shapes from images, including:
1. External representations based on boundary properties and internal representations based on texture and statistical moments.
2. Principal component analysis (PCA) is mentioned as a statistical method for feature extraction.
3. Feature vectors are described as arrays that encode measured features of an image numerically, symbolically, or both.
Text mining
Text miningAli A Jalil This document discusses text mining and provides an outline of the topic. It defines text mining as the analysis of natural language text data and explains why it is useful given the large amount of unstructured data. The document then describes the basic text mining process, which includes steps like filtering, segmentation, stemming, eliminating excessive words, and clustering. Several applications of text mining are mentioned like call centers, anti-spam, and market intelligence. Challenges of text mining like dealing with unstructured data and large collections of documents are also outlined.
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And or graph
- 1. AND/OR graph ALI A. JALIL
- 2. AND/OR graph A form of graph or tree used in problem solving and problem decomposition. The nodes of the graph represent states or goals and their successors are labeled as either AND or OR branches. The AND successors are sub goals that must all be achieved to satisfy the parent goal, while OR branches indicate alternative sub goals, any one of which could satisfy the parent goal.
- 3. AND/OR graph
- 4. AND/OR graph AND-OR graph (or tree) is useful for representing the solution of problems that can be solved by decomposing them into a set of smaller problems, all of which must then be solved. One AND arc may point to any number of successor nodes, all of which must be solved in order for the arc to point to a solution.
- 5. AND/OR graph - Example In figure the top node A has been expanded producing two area one leading to B and leading to C-D . the numbers at each node represent the value of f ' at that node (cost of getting to the goal state from current state). For simplicity, it is assumed that every operation (i.e. applying a rule) has unit cost, i.e., each are with single successor will have a cost of 1 and each of its components. With the available information till now , it appears that C is the most promising node to expand since its f ' = 3 , the lowest but going through B would be better since to use C we must also use D' and the cost would be 9(3+4+1+1). Through B it would be 6(5+1). 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 1 18 1