Android Studio 3 - Dependency-Aware Build Variants and Product Flavors
- 1. Dependency-Aware Build Variants in Android Studio 3.0 Stefan Martynkiw
- 2. Android Studio 3.0 Introduction • Introduced at Google I/O 2017 • Improvements: • Faster Gradle build times • Profiling tools • UI • Network Request Inspection (with Retrofit & OkHTTP) • Device File Explorer • App-Private files too! (no more adb run-as!) • Android Gradle Plugin Improvements
- 3. Application Structure and Dependencies • Applications in Android Studio can be structured into modules • Drivewyze Example: • Agatha (Mobile app) • Gaby (Stripped down for Android ELDs) • Erica (Stripped down for even older Android ELDs) • Common • “Magic Sauce” Agatha Erica Gaby Common
- 4. Why have variants? • Production • Signing Keys, Production Environment • QA • Unsigned, QA test environment • Development • Unsigned, Local-host server Agatha Erica Gaby Common
- 5. Set Theory and the Cross Product • {A, B, C} • {A, B, C} ⋈ {D, E, F} = • AD, AE, AF • BD, BE, BF • CD, CE, CF • {A, B, C} ⋈ {D, E, F} ⋈ {Y, Z} = • ADY, AEY, AFY • BDY, BEY, BFY • CDY, CEY, CFY • ADZ, AEZ, AFZ • BDZ, BEZ BFZ • CDZ, CEZ, CFZ
- 6. Abstract Real • “Build type”: • {Debug, Release, Simulated Location} • “Authorization Service / Server Environment”: • {Production, QA, Local} • “Event cache”: • {Production, QA, Local}
- 7. Product Flavors & Build Types & Build Variants • Build Types • Sets up various build properties. • The debug build type enables debug options and signs the APK with the debug key. • The release build type may shrink, obfuscate, and sign your APK with a release key for distribution. • Android Studio creates the debug and release build types by default. • Product Flavors • Product flavors represent different versions of your app that you may release to users • Free and paid versions of your app. • You can customize product flavors to use different code and resources, while sharing and reusing the parts that are common to all versions of your app. • Product flavors are optional and you must create them manually. • More info: • https://developer.android.com/studio/build/index.html • Build Variants • The resulting entries in the set formed by cross-product of BuildTypes x ProductFlavors freeFlavor paidFlavor debug freeDebug paidDebug release freeRelease paidRelease
- 8. The Old Way • “Build Type” did not propagate to dependent modules • Really old bug in Gradle • Reported March, 2013 • https://issuetracker.google.com/issu es/36967265 • “DESCRIPTION: Gradle plugin does not propagate whether you are doing a debug build or a release build to a dependent android library” Agatha Build.conf: buildTypes { release {…} debug {…} simloc {…} } productFlavors { prodFlavor {…} qaFlavor {…} devFlavor {…} } Dependencies{ … simlocCompile project(path: ':common', configuration: 'simlocMongoQa') debugCompile project(path: ':common', configuration: 'libraryMongoQa') releaseCompile project(path: ':common', configuration: 'libraryMongoProd')} Common Build.conf: buildTypes { mongoDev { … } mongoQa { … } mongoProd { … } } productFlavors { library { buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SIMLOC_BUILD', "false" } simloc { buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SIMLOC_BUILD', "true" } }
- 9. Flavor Dimensions • Flavor Dimensions add another cross product. • {A, B, C} ⋈ {D, E, F} ⋈ {Y, Z} = • ADY, AEY, AFY • BDY, BEY, BFY • CDY, CEY, CFY • ADZ, AEZ, AFZ • BDZ, BEZ BFZ • CDZ, CEZ, CFZ • https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=daYl7edb6S0
- 10. Declaring Flavor Dimensions • //Todo finish slide: • https://developer.android.com/s tudio/build/build- variants.html#flavor-dimensions
- 11. The New Way Common: Build.conf buildTypes { debug{ debuggable true buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SIMLOC_BUILD', "false" } release { debuggable false buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SIMLOC_BUILD', "false" } simloc { debuggable true buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SIMLOC_BUILD', "true" } } flavorDimensions "mongo" productFlavors { mongoDevFlavor { dimension "mongo" buildConfigField 'String', 'DRIVE_EVENTREPL_URI', '”…"' } mongoQaFlavor { dimension "mongo" buildConfigField 'String', 'DRIVE_EVENTREPL_URI', '”…"' } mongoProdFlavor { dimension "mongo" buildConfigField 'String', 'DRIVE_EVENTREPL_URI', '"…"' } } Agatha2: Build.conf flavorDimensions "dsp", "mongo" productFlavors { prodFlavor { dimension "dsp" applicationId 'com.drivewyze.agatha2' … } qaFlavor { dimension "dsp" applicationId 'com.drivewyze.agatha2.qa' … } devFlavor { dimension "dsp" applicationId 'com.drivewyze.agatha2.dev' … } mongoDevFlavor { dimension "mongo" } mongoQaFlavor { dimension "mongo" } mongoProdFlavor { dimension "mongo" } }