The document compares Angular and AngularJS, highlighting their differences in architecture, supported languages, learning difficulty, and mobile support. Angular, released in 2016, is based on TypeScript and offers modern features like component-based architecture and a CLI, making it suitable for larger applications. In contrast, AngularJS is an older JavaScript framework introduced in 2010, primarily used for single-page applications, and lacks various modern functionalities such as mobile support and SEO optimization.