3. Turing Test
(developed by Alan Turing, a British Mathematician)
attempts to determine
whether the responses from a
computer with intelligent
behavior are indistinguishable
from responses from a human.
4. Specific characteristics of intelligent behavior:
1.Learn from experience and apply the
knowledge acquired from experience.
2.Handle complex situations.
3.Solve problems when important
information is missing.
4.Determine what is important.
5. Specific characteristics of intelligent behavior:
5. React quickly and correctly to a new
situation.
6. Understand visual images.
7. Process and manipulate symbols.
8. Be creative and imaginative.
9. Use heuristics.
6. The difference between Natural and Artificial Intelligence
Attributes Natural
Intelligence
(Human)
Artificial
Intelligence
(Machine)
The ability to use sensors (eyes, ears, touch, smell) HIGH LOW
The ability to be creative and imaginative HIGH LOW
The ability to learn from experience HIGH LOW
The ability to be adaptive HIGH LOW
The ability to afford the cost of acquiring intelligence HIGH LOW
The ability to use a variety of information source HIGH HIGH
The ability to acquire large amount of external information HIGH HIGH
The ability to make complex calculations LOW HIGH
The ability to transfer information LOW HIGH
The ability to make a series of calculations rapidly and accurately LOW HIGH
7. Major Branches of
Artificial Intelligence
ROBOTICS
VISION
SYSTEMS
LEARNING
SYSTEMS
NATURAL LANGUAGE
PROCESSING
NEURAL
NETWORKS
EXPERT
SYSTEMS
8. 1. Robotics
Involve developing
mechanical or computer
devices that perform tasks
requiring a high degree of
precision or that are
hazardous for humans.
Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence
9. Service Robot is a robot that
performs useful tasks for
humans or equipment
excluding industrial
application. A robot may be
classified according to its
intended application as an
industrial robot or a service
robot.
11. Professional Service Robot is
a service robot for
professional use. It is also
used for a commercial task,
usually operated by a properly
trained operator.
12. "Three Laws of Robotics"
1. A robot may not injure a human being or,
through inaction, allow a human being to come
to harm.
2. A robot must obey orders given it by human
beings except where such orders would conflict
with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as
long as such protection does not conflict with
the First or Second Law.
13. Ethical Dilemma/s faced by Robotics
Safety
Who should be held accountable if someone’s
safety is compromised by a robot?
Who should be blamed, the robot, the agent using
the robot, or the maker/inventor of the robot?
Emotional component
It is not completely impossible for robots to
develop emotions.
What if robots become sentient?
STOP
L
O
O
K
14. The Rover was a remote-controlled robot used by
NASA to explore the surface of Mars.
15. Lucy
an orangutan robot, was a
pure research project to
develop some novel
theories about the
fundamental operating
principles of the brain.
16. 2. Vision Systems
Include hardware and
software that permit
computers to capture,
store, and manipulate
visual images and pictures.
17. 3. Natural language processing
Computers understand and react to statements
and commands made in a “natural” language,
such as English.
18. 4. Learning system
Computer changes how it functions or reacts to
situations based on feedback.
5. Neural network
Computer system that can act like or simulate
the functioning of the human brain.
19. 6. Expert Systems
Consists of hardware and software that
stores knowledge and makes inferences,
similar to a human expert.
21. ROLE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
AI researchers have created many tools to
solve the most difficult problems in
computer science. Many of their
inventions have been adopted by
mainstream computer science and are no
longer considered a part of AI
23. FOR EXAMPLE:-
Financial trading
ROLE IN FINANCE
Banks use artificial intelligence
systems to organize operations,
invest in stocks, and manage
properties.
24. A medical clinic can use
artificial intelligence
systems to organize bed
schedules, make a staff
rotation, and provide
medical information
ROLE IN MEDICINE
25. Robots have become common in many
industries. They are often given jobs
that are considered dangerous to
humans. Robots have proven effective
in jobs that are very repetitive which
may lead to mistakes or accidents due
to a lapse in concentration and other
jobs which humans may find
degrading.
ROLE IN HEAVY
INDUSTRY
29. The 1990s saw some of the first
attempts to mass-produce domestically
aimed types of basic Artificial
Intelligence for education, or leisure.
This prospered greatly with the Digital
Revolution, and helped introduce
people, especially children, to a life of
dealing with various types of AI,
specifically in the form of Giga Pets &
the Internet
ROLE IN TOYS
& GAMES
31. The evolution of music has always
been affected by technology. With
AI, scientists are trying to make
the computer emulate the activities
of the skillful musician.
Composition, performance, music
theory, sound processing are some
of the major areas on which
research in Music and Artificial
Intelligence are focusing.
ROLE IN MUSIC
33. PATTERN RECOGNITION
Pattern recognition is "the act of taking in
raw data and taking an action based on the
category of the pattern, its system consists
of a sensor that gathers the observations to
be described, a feature extraction
mechanism that computes numeric or
symbolic information from the
observations, and a classification scheme
that does the actual job of classifying
observation.
35. HANDWRITING
RECOGNITION
The ability of a computer to receive and
interpret intelligible handwritten input
from sources such as paper documents,
photographs, touch-screens and other
devices. The image of the written text
may be sensed "off line" from a piece of
paper by optical scanning .The
movements of the pen tip may be sensed
"on line", for example by a pen-based
computer screen surface.
37. SPEECH RECOGNITION
converts spoken words to
text. The technology that
can recognize speech
without being targeted at
single speaker—such as a
call center system that can
recognize arbitrary voices.
42. DISADVANTAGES
If robots start replacing human resources in every field, we
will have to deal with serious issues like unemployment
Intelligent machines may not be the right choice for
customer service.
Intelligent machines overpower human beings
Limited sensory input, an artificial mind is only capable of
taking in a small amount of information
