Asp 1a-aspnetmvc

MVC
•NET Framework – A technology introduced in 2002
which includes the ability to create executables,
web applications, and services using C#
(pronounced see-sharp), Visual Basic, and F#.
•ASP.NET – An open-source server-side web
application framework which is a subset of
Microsoft’s .NET framework. Their first iteration of
ASP.NET included a technology called Web Forms.
•ASP.NET WebForms – (2002 – current) A
proprietary technique developed by Microsoft to
manage state and form data across multiple pages.
2

MVC
•ASP.NET MVC is Microsoft’s framework for
developing fast web applications using their .NET
platform with either the C# or VB.NET language.
•MVC is an acronym that stands for:
• (M)odel – Objects that hold your data.
• (V)iew – Views that are presented to your users,
usually HTML pages or pieces of HTML.
• (C)ontroller – Controllers are what orchestrates the
retrieving and saving of data, populating models, and
receiving data from the users.
3

MVC
•An alternative to ASP .NET Web Forms
•Presentation framework
• Lightweight
• Highly testable
•Integrated with the existing ASP .NET features:
• Master pages
• Membership-Based Authentication
4

ASP .NET MVC Framework Components
• Models
• Business/domain logic
• Model objects, retrieve and store model state in a
persistent storage (database).
• Views
• Display application’s UI
• UI created from the model data
• Controllers
• Handle user input and interaction
• Work with model
• Select a view for rendering UI
5

Advantages of MVC
•Advantages:
• Easier to manage complexity (divide and conquer)
• It does not use server forms and view state
• Front Controller pattern (rich routing)
• Better support for test-driven development
• Ideal for distributed and large teams
• High degree of control over the application behavior
6

Advantages of MVC
ASP.NET MVC has a separation of concerns.
Separation of concerns means that your business
logic is not contained in a View or controller. The
business logic should be found in the models of your
application. This makes web development even
easier because it allows you to focus on integrating
your business rules into reusable models.
7

Advantages of MVC
ASP.NET MVC provides testability out of the box.
Another selling point is that ASP.NET MVC allows
you to test every single one of your components,
thereby making your code almost bulletproof. The
more unit tests you provide for your application, the
more durable your application will become.
8

Advantages of MVC
ASP.NET MVC has a smaller “View” footprint.
With WebForms, there is a server variable called
ViewState that tracks all of the controls on a page. If
you have a ton of controls on your WebForm, the
ViewState can grow to become an issue. ASP.NET
MVC doesn’t have a ViewState, thus making the
View lean and mean.
9

Advantages of MVC
ASP.NET MVC has more control over HTML.
Since server-side controls aren’t used, the View can
be as small as you want it to be. It provides a better
granularity and control over how you want your
pages rendered in the browser.
10

ASP .NET MVC Features
•Separation of application tasks
• Input logic, business logic, UI logic
•Support for test-driven development
• Unit testing
• No need to start app server
•Extensible and pluggable framework
• Components easily replaceable or customized(view
engine, URL routing, data serialization,…)
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ASP .NET MVC App Structure
•URLs mapped to controller classes
•Controller
• handles requests,
• executes appropriate logic and
• calls a View to generate HTML response
•URL routing
• ASP .NET routing engine (flexible mapping)
• Support for defining customized routing rules
• Automatic passing/parsing of parameters
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ASP .NET MVC App Structure
•No Postbackinteraction!
•All user interactions routed to a controller
•No view state and page lifecycle events
13

Layout of an MVC project
When you create a new MVC project, your solution
should have the following structure in your Solution
Explorer.
14

16
• App_Data – While I don’t use this folder often, it’s meant to hold
data for your application (just as the name says). A couple of
examples would include a portable database (like SQL Server
Compact Edition) or any kind of data files (XML, JSON, etc.). I prefer
to use SQL Server.
• App_Start – The App_Start folder contains the initialization and
configuration of different features of your application.
• BundleConfig.cs – This contains all of the configuration for minifying and
compressing your JavaScript and CSS files into one file.
• FilterConfig.cs – Registers Global Filters.
• RouteConfig.cs – Configuration of your routes.
There are other xxxxConfig.cs files that are added when you apply other MVC-
related technologies (for example, WebAPI adds WebApiConfig.cs).
• Content – This folder is meant for all of your static content like
images and style sheets. It’s best to create folders for them like
“images” or “styles” or “css”.

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• Controllers – The controllers folder is where we place the
controllers.
• Models – This folder contains your business models. It’s
better when you have these models in another project, but
for demo purposes, we’ll place them in here.
• Scripts – This is where your JavaScript scripts reside.
• Views – This parent folder contains all of your HTML “Views”
with each controller name as a folder. Each folder will
contain a number of cshtml files relating to the methods in
that folder’s controller. If we had a URL that looked like this:
http://www.xyzcompany.com/Products/List
we would have a Products folder with a List.cshtml file.
We would also know to look in the Controllers folder and
open the ProductsController.cs and look for the List
method.

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• Views/Shared – The Shared folder is meant for any shared
cshtml files you need across the website.
• Global.asax – The Global.asax is meant for the initialization
of the web application. If you look inside the Global.asax,
you’ll notice that this is where the RouteConfig.cs,
BundleConfig.cs, and FilterConfig.cs are called when the
application runs.
• Web.Config – The web.config is where you place
configuration settings for your application. For new MVC
developers, it’s good to know that you can place settings
inside the <appsettings> tag and place connection strings
inside the <connectionstring> tag.
Now that you know where everything is located in your
project, we can move forward with what is the process
when an MVC application is initially called.

MVC App Execution
19
• Entry points to MVC:
• UrlRoutingModuleand MvcRouteHandler
• Request handling:
• Select appropriate controller
• Obtain a specific controller instance
• Call the controller’s Execute method
• Receive first request for the application
• Populating RouteTable
• Perform routing
• Create MVC Request handler
• Create controller
• Execute controller

MVC App Execution
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• Invoke action
• Execute result
• ViewResult, RedirectToRouteResult, ContentResult,
FileResult, JsonResult, RedirectResult

Models
21
• Models are probably the easiest section to address first.
Models are the objects that define and store your data so
you can use them throughout the application.
• Models to be the equivalent of plain old CLR (Common
Language Runtime) objects, or POCO’s. A POCO is a plain
class that holds structured data.
• one simple POCO (or model) would be similar to:
public class Customer
{
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
public string Company { get; set; }
public IEnumerable<Order> Orders { get; set;
}

Models
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Your business Model may look something like this:
public class Customer
{ public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
public string Company { get; set; }
public IEnumerable<Order> Orders { get; set; }
public DateTime FirstMet { get; set; }
public int CalculateAge(DateTime endTime)
{ var age = endTime.Year - FirstMet.Year;
if (endTime < FirstMet.AddYears(age))
age--;
return age;
}
}

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