AVIATION PPT (RAHUL GUPTA)

NAME:- RAHUL GUPTA
SUBMITTED TO:- MS. SONAM SAWANT
SUBJECT:- AVIATION
BATCH:- U2
CENTRE:- GHATKOPAR
YEAR:- 2016-2017

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I take this opportunity to thank all my teachers
and colleagues for helping me out to complete
this presentation.
I specially thank our Aviation faculty Mrs. sonam
for giving all assistance in my work.
I also thank all the faculty
and my colleagues at FrankFinn for their help
and support.
Last but not the
least I thank God Almighty for His love and care.

INTRODUCTION
This work is a study on the development of
aviation in India, low cost airlines, domestic
airlines and improving economy of India. This
gives us an idea about Cockpit, Cargo and
about the relevance of a cabin crew. This
covers the area like dealing the special
passengers and also about Airbus.

BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE CURRENT
SCENARIO AND CURRENT UPDATES
AFFAIRS IN AVIATION INDUSTRY.

CURRENT SCENARIO
India’s civil aviation industry is on a high-
growth trajectory. India aims to become the
third-largest aviation market by 2026.
The Civil Aviation industry has ushered in a new
era of expansion, driven by factors such as low-
cost carriers (LCCs), modern airports, Foreign
Direct Investment (FDI) in domestic airlines,
advanced information technology (IT)
interventions and growing emphasis on regional
connectivity.

As per the IATA, India will become the third
largest aviation market in the world in terms of
passengers by 2026. Furthermore, the IATA also
expects the air passengers to grow at a
compound average growth rate (CAGR) of 3.7
per cent to double from 3.8 billion air
passengers in 2016 to 7.2 billion air passengers
by 2035.
India's air cargo is estimated to grow at 9 per
cent over the next few years, according to Mr
Ashok Gajapathi Raju, Secretary of Ministry of
Civil Aviation, Government of India.
India has become the world’s fastest growing
domestic travel market for the 22nd time in a
row, recording a 26.6 per cent year-on-year
growth in January 2017, according to the IATA.

CURRENT AFFAIRS
The Union Government has set up an ‘Inter-
Ministerial Monitoring-cum-Coordination
Committee’ to monitor the UDAN (Ude Desh Ka
Aam Naagrik) scheme.
UDAN is regional air connectivity scheme (RCS)
which seeks to make flying affordable by
connecting unserved and under-served
airports....

Background
The Union Civil Aviation Ministry already has
awarded 128 routes connecting 70 airports to 5
airlines, under the scheme UDAN Scheme. In
the... flights operated under RCS, around 50% of
the seats will have a fare cap Rs 2,500 per
seat/hour.
Key Facts
The committee will be responsible for
coordination among stakeholders, including
state governments for “time-bound”
implementation of the scemes.

COCKPIT
A cockpit or flight deck is the area, usually
near the front of an aircraft or spacecraft,
from which a pilot controls the aircraft.
Cockpit of an Antonov An-124
Cockpit of an A380. Most Airbus cockpits
are glass cockpits featuring fly-by-
wire technology.
Swiss HB-IZX Saab 2000 cockpit during flight
Panel of a Robin DR400
1936 de Havilland Hornet Mothcockpit
The cockpit of an aircraft contains flight
instruments on an instrument panel, and the
controls that enable the pilot to fly the
aircraft. In most airliners, a door separates
the cockpit from the aircraft cabin. After
the September 11, 2001 attacks, all
major airlines fortified their cockpits against
access by hijackers.

CARGO (shift in plane)
Plane or planes may refer to: Airplane or aeroplane Airliner,
an airplane for transporting passengers and cargo Fixed-
wing aircraft Plane (geometry)

EXTERIOR PART AND FUNCTION OF
AIRCRAFT
AILERONS: ailerons are hinged control surfaces attached to the trailing edge
of the wing of a fixed-wing aircraft. The ailerons are used to control the
aircraft in roll.
RUDDER: A rudder is a primary control surface used to steer
a ship, boat, submarine, hovercraft, aircraft, or other conveyance that moves
through a fluid medium (generally air or water).
HORIZONTAL STABILISER: A tailplane, also known as a horizontal stabiliser, is
a small lifting surface located on the tail (empennage) behind the main lifting
surfaces of a fixed-wing aircraft as well as other non-fixed-wing aircraft such
as helicopters and gyroplanes.
UNDERCARRIAGE: Undercarriage is the part of a moving vehicle that is
underneath the main body of the vehicle. IT also has the mechanism to
reduce and absorb the shock of landing to acceptable limits.
SPOILER: Spoilers are small,hinged,plates on the top portion of wings.
Spoilers can be used to slow an aircraft, or to make an aircraft descend, if
they are deployed on both wings. Spoiler can also be used to generate a
rolling motion nfor an aircraft, if they are deployed on only one wing.

INTERIOR DESIGN OF AN AIRCRAFT

INTERIOR PART AND
FUNCTION
AISLE: A passage between two sections of seats, comprising of horizontally
placed rows that is located from the nose to tail of the aircraft without any
obstruction.
BULKHEAD (PARTITION): A bulkhead is an upright wall within the hull of a ship or
within the fuselage of an aeroplane.
Other kinds of partition elements within a ship are decks and deckheads.
DOGHOUSE:an aircraft refers to the capabilities of a design in terms
of airspeed and load factor or altitude.
OVERHEAD BIN: The overhead bins are used for stowing carry-on baggage and other
items. While the airliner manufacturer will normally specify a standard version of the
product to supply, airlines can choose to have bins of differing size, shape, or color
installed.
EMERGENCY EXITS: Doors & Windows Used Specially In Case Of Emergency Besides
Being Used As Normal Exits.
GALLEY: The Kitchen Of The Aircraft Is Called The Galley.
LAVETORY: All Lavetory Are Similar In Design, Though Size And Contour May
Very Depending On Its Location.

SLIDE RAFT
Airlines impose further
challenges: Slides must be
light and compact enough to
fit inside an aircraft door or
below the door sill or
emergency exit window.

PASSENGER SERVICE UNIT
A passenger service unit (PSU) is
an aircraft component situated
above each row in the overhead
panel above the passenger seats in
the cabin of airliners. Among other
things, a PSU contains reading
lights, loudspeakers, illuminated
signs, air condition vents, and
automatically deployed oxygen
masks

JUMP SEAT
A jump seat (or jumpseat), in
aviation refers to an auxiliary seat
for individuals—other than normal
passengers—who are not
operating the aircraft.[1] In general,
the term 'jump seat' can also refer
to a seat in any type of vehicle
which can fold up out of the way;
vehicles include carriages,
automobiles, vans, buses, fire
tenders, and taxicabs. The term
originated in the United States c.
1860 for a movable carriage seat.

DEMOSTRATE VARIOUS DUTIES
AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF CABIN
CREW ON BOARD.

DISTRIBUTES
CANDY,HEADSET,MAGZINE

ECONOMIC & BUSINESS CLASS
BEVERAGES

PROCEDURE OF EMBARKATION
AND DISEMBARKATION

EMBARKATION
• FIRST THE PASSEMGER ENTERS THE AIRPORT AND
PROCEED TO THE TICKET COUNTER.
• GROUND STAFF EXECUTIVE WILL CHECK IN THE
PASSENGER BAGGAGE AND TAGS THE SLIP TO BOARDING
PASS.
• IF THE PASSENGER HAVE ANY EXCESS BAGGAGE THEY
NEED TO PAY EXTRA AMOUNT ACCORDING TO THE AIRLINE
FARES.
• IF IT IS DOMESTIC DESTINATION, PASSENGER NEED NOT TO
GO THROUGH THE CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION CHECK.
• IF IT IS INTERNATIONAL THE PASSENGER NEED TO GO
THROUGH THE CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION CHECK.
• AFTER CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION THE PASSENGER
PROCEED TO SECURITY CHECK.
• THEN THE PASSENGER BOARDS THE AIRCRAFT.

DISEMBARKATION
• FOR DOMESTIC PASSENGER DISEMBARKATION, THEY
DIRECTLY PROCEED TO BAGGAGE COUNTER AND COLLECTS
THEIR BAGGAGE.
• AND THEY LEAVE THE AIRPORT.
• INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER COLLECTS THE
DIEMBARKATION FORM FROM CREW ON BOARD.
• THEN THEY PROCEED TO CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION
CHECK.
• AFTER CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION THEY PROCEED TO
BAGGAGE COUNTER TO COLLECT.
• AND THEY LEAVE THE AIRPORT.

UNM PASSENGER
 UNACCOMPANIED MINOR.
 A PASSENGER WHO IS BELOW THE AGE OF 18TRAVELLING ALONE IS
CLASSIFIED AS UNACCOMPANIED MINOR(UNM).

VIP/VVIP’S
• THESE PASSENGERS ARE BOARDED LAST& DEPLANED FIRST AT THE
DESTINATION. VERY OFTEN EXTRA SECURITY ACCOMPANIES THE FLIGHTS
IN WHICH THESE PASSENGERS ARE TRAVELLING.
• SPECIAL MENU, EXTRA CREW ARE SOMETIME PROVIDED ON THESE
FLIGHTS.
• THE PASSENGERS WHO FALL INTO THESE CATEGORIES ARE:
• PRESIDEND& HEAD OF STATE OF COUNTRIES.
• PRIME MINISTERS & HEADS OF GOVERNMENT.
• VICE-PRESIDEND.
• ROYAL VISITORS & MEMBERS OF ROYAL FAMILIES.
• GOVERNORS OF STATES & CABINET MINISTERS.

MOTHER WITH INFANT
THEY ARE USUALLY SEATED ON THE CARRYCOT SEATS. THE
CARRYCOT/BASSINET SHOULD BE PLACED SOON AFTER TAKE-OFF & REMOVED
WHEN THE AIRCRAFT STARTS ITS DESCENT TO THE DESTINATION.
The Infant Should Be On The Mother’s Lap During Take-off & Landing. They Should
Also Be Advised To Feed The Infant At This Time & Put Cotton In The Infant’s Ear
To Prevent Pressure Distress.
Extra Amenities Like Napkins , Disposable Diapers, Feeding Bottles, Baby Food
Should Be Offered.
Just Before The Meal Service Commences, The Mother Should Be Asked When
She Would Like Her Meal . More Often Than Not, They Eat Later When The Cabin
Crew Can Look After The Infant Whilst They Eat. In Such Cases Their Choice Of
Meal Should Be Kept Separate.

DEPORTEE
Inadmissible Passengers. Defi
nition. A passenger who is
refused admission to a State
by authorities of that State,
or who is refused onward
carriage by a State authority
at a point of transfer, e.g. due
to lack of visa, expired
passport, etc.

WCHR PASSENEGR
Few Passengers Need That Extra Attention As They Are Physically Handicapped Or Are
Suffering From Or Recovering From A Serious Illness, In Such Case :
The Passenger Is Boarded First & Deplaned Last. Often Classified As A “Wheelchair”
Passenger On The PIL, He / She Is Handed Over To The Crew In Whose Zone He / She
Is Seated.
Seriously Ill Passengers Are Often Accompanied By A Relative Or A Medical Personnel
Like A Doctor Or A Nurse.
They Are Seated Close To The Toilet. Many Airlines Have A Specially Designated
‘Handicap Toilet’-one That Is Designed With Extra Amenities To Help Such Passengers.
Their Diet Should Be Checked As Soon As Possible As Very Often They Have A
Special Diet Uplifted That Has To Be Served To Them Before The Order Passengers In
The Zone.
They Should Be Given Full Assistance The Flight Till They Deplane From The Aircraft.

BLIND PASSENGER
A Trained Dog May Be Carried In The Cabin In-case A
Passenger Who Is Dependent Upon It.
The Dog Has To Properly Harnessed, Restrained And Muzzled.
Blind Passenger Along With Dog Or With Any Other Assistance
Will Board First And Deplaned Last.

EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
USED IN EMERGENCY

SMOKE HOOD
• A smoke hood is a protective
device similar in concept to a gas
mask.
• Smoke hoods are intended to
protect victims of fire from the
effects of smoke inhalation.

OXYGEN BOTTLE
Oxygen May Be Classified as
an element, a gas ,and a drug.
Oxygen therapy is the
administration of oxygen at
concentrations greater than
that in room air to treat or
prevent hypoxemia [not
enough of oxygen in the
blood].

FIRE AXE
Fire Axes are provided to obtain emergency access to
areas and parts roof the airplane which are not easily
accessible.
The handle is insulated to protect against electrical
shock.
In the past, fire axes might be found in the flight deck
and in the passengers cabin but on most carriers, in
compliance with anti terrorism regulations and
procedures, axes are no longer carried in the
passenger/cargo compartment.

ASBESTORS GLOVES
These Gauntlet-type Gloves Are Kept In The Flight Deck And/Or In The Cabin
To Protect The User Against Heat/Fire.
They Can Also Be Used To Handle Hot Or Sharp Objects.
Furthermore They Will Provide Protection From Evaporative Cooling At The
Portable Fire Extinguisher Nozzle During Discharge.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER
A Smoke Hood Is A Protective
Device Similar In Concept To A Gas
Mask.
A Translucent Airtight Bag Seals
Around The Head Of The Wearer
While An Air Filter Held In The
Mouth Connected To The Outside
Atmosphere And Is Used To Breath.
Smoke Hoods Are Intended To
Protect Victims Of Fire From The
Effects Of Smoke Inhalation.

OXYGEN MASK
Placed In Overhead
Cabins To Manipulate
Decompression In The
Cabin For Every
Passengers.

MEGA PHONE
Hand Held Loudspeakers Used By Crew To Enable
Them To Directly Emergency Evacuation Procedure By
Being Heard Over Various Sounds Associated With The
Emergency.

ELT
The issue. ELTs are emergency transmitters that are carried aboard most
general aviation aircraft in the U.S. In the event of an aircraft accident, these
devices are designed to transmit a distress signal on 121.5, 243.0-megahertz
frequencies (and for newer ELTs, on 406 MHz).

LIFE JACKET
Sleeveless buoyant or inflatable jacket
for keeping a person afloat in water.
Its emergency time or crashed aircraft

DENGEROUS GOODS
Dangerous Goods are solids, liquids, or gases that can harm
people, other living organisms, property, or the environment.
DANGEROUS GOODS are articles or substances which are
capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the
environment.
Dangerous Goods by air are classified according to the
Dangerous Goods Regulations.
Dangerous Good include material that are radioactive
flammable, explosive, corrosive, oxidizing.
Also included all physical conditions such as compressed gases
and liquids or hot material

THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF DANGEROUS GOODS TRAINING IS SAFETY
AND IS ABLE TO :
• Identify Dangerous Goods And Have Knowledge Of The Current
Regulation And Limitation Of Dangerous Goods.
• Able To Recognize And Identify The Hazard Labels.
• Recognize And Identify Dangerous Goods Package And Markings And
Familiar Of Dangerous Goods Emergency Procedures.

Description of a cabin crew routine
for international flight from sign in
time until sign out?

THE PRE-FLIGHT BRIEFING :-
**You need to report for duty approximately 2 hours before flight to
have enough time for preparation before it is time to meet your
passengers whether its 12 in the afternoon or 3 in the morning.
**The pre flight briefing is the first meeting time for all crews working
on a specific flight.
**The team gathers for a 1 hour briefing in which the purser (in flight
supervisor) plan the in flight service, sets the expectations and assigns
the working positions for each cabin crew.

THE PRE TAKE-OFF SERVICE :-
**Service between boarding and take-off is called pre take-off service.
**You will be standing in the cabin welcoming passengers on board
and helping them to locate their seats and store their cabin baggage
quickly to maintain a smooth flow for all passengers boarding.
**Don’t lift the passenger bag you barely touch the bag with two
fingers.
**Boarding completed.

CLOSING THE DOOR:-
**Hold the door assist handle on the door frame.
Press the gust lock on the door support arm to unlock the door.
**Check the door area is clear.
**Slide the door rearwards until it is in front of the doorframe, then
pull the door inwards and lower the door control handle for
Airbus/rotate in anti clock wise for Boeing and make sure that the door
is locked properly.
**Arm the door in to evacuate slide raft emergency mishap.

TAKE-OFF:-
**It is vital that flight attendants remain aware as the majority of emergencies
occur during takeoff.
**Informing the passengers of the aircraft safety procedures and ensuring that
all hand luggage is securely stored.
**The cockpit crew assigns a seat belt sign in passenger service unit to wear
seat belts during take-off.
**Cabin crew should inform all passengers to wear seat belts and make sure
that they have done it.
**Remind the passengers not to wake up or not to remove seat belts during
take-off.

AT CRUISING:-
**Serving meals and refreshments to passengers.
Regular cockpit checks must be done to ensure the pilot’s health and
safety.
**They must also respond to call lights dealing with special requests.
**During turbulence, flight attendants must ensure the cabin is secure.
**Prior to landing all loose items, trays and rubbish must be collected
and secured along with service and gallery equipment.
**All hot liquids must be disposed of.

BEFORE LANDING:-
**An Disembarkation form is handed over to all the passengers for
filling the details for immigration check.
**Cabin crew should also fill the disembarkation form before landing
and a final cabin check must then be completed prior to landing.
**They also assist any special needs passengers and small children off
the aircraft to escort children, while following the proper paperwork
picking them up.
**Giving first aid to passengers disembarks safely at the end of a flight
and checking that there is no luggage left in the overhead lockers.

AFTER LANDING:-
**Upon landing, flight attendants must remain stationed at exits and monitor
the aircraft and cabin as passengers disembark the plane.
**Completing paperwork, including writing a flight report and sign out.

DESCRIBE & COMPARE
BOEING 747 & AIRBUS A380
CASE STUDY
ACTUAL MISHAP OF AN AIR CRASH

DESCRIBE BOEING 747
•ENGINES: FOUR GENX-2B67 TURBOFANS
•TYPICAL CRUISING SPEED : MACH 0.855[855KM/H]
•RANGE: 14,815KM [8,000NM]
•MAX TAKE-OFF WEIGHT : 435,456 KG [960,000lb]
•WINGSPAN: 68.5M [224FT 9 INCH]
•LENGTH : 74.2M [249FT 6 INCH]
•PASSENGERS IN TYPICAL THREE- CLASS
CONFIGURATION
•COST: ABOUT $205 MILLION

DESCRIBE AIR BUS A-380
Engines : Four Rolls-Royce Trent 900 turbofans or four general Electric /pratt
& whitney GP-7200 turbofans
Typical Cruising Speed : Mach 0.85 (850 km/h)
Range : 14,800 km (8,000 nm)
Max Takeoff Weight : 560,000 kg (1,234,600 lb)
Wingspan : 79.8m (261 ft 10 in)
Length : 72.75m (238 ft 8 in)
Passengers Seating : 555 Passengers On Decks In A Three Class
Arrangement, And Up To 800 Passengers In A One0 Class Arrangement
Cost : About $250 Million US

BOEING747 VS AIRBUS A380
• Airbus and Boeing are the two giants when it comes to manufacturing
commercial airplanes.
• The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been
Boeing’s flagship for quite some time.
• The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much
bigger than the 747.
• The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.
• It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.
• The size of the A380 is such that many airport runways are not equipped to
accommodate the huge planes and had to undergo major renovations to make
them fit.
• The major contributor to the A380’s considerable size is its 2nd deck, which
extends the full length of the entire plane.
• The 747 is also a double decker but its 2nd deck is just very short.
• The 747’s characteristic bulge at the front of the plane is the extent of its 2nd
deck.
• Because of the full length of the A380’s deck, it can accommodate way more
passengers than the 747 without extending its length by much.

BOEING747 VS AIRBUS A380
• Even though the A380 is just over 2 meters longer than the 747, it can
accommodate 33% more passengers in the usual 3 class seating or up to
50% more in an all economy seating.
• In order to get that much weight into the air, the A380 needs a lot more
thrust than the 747.
• Each of the A380’s four engines can put out at least 80,000lbs of thrust
while the 747’s engines only put out somewhere around 60,000lbs of
thrust.
• But all in all, the A380 still manages to be more efficient and less costly
per passenger and would be perfect in high traffic routes like major cities
and regional hubs.
• Other areas may not benefit from having an A380 or may even lose profit
because of it.
• As the 747 has been in production for four decades, it is no secret that it
has gone through many revisions and has many variants aside from the
typical passenger and cargo models.
• Non-commercial variants include VIP transport, with Air Force One being
the most popular, Shuttle carrier, and as an aerial fire fighter among others.
• The A380, being fairly new, only has passenger and cargo models at the
moment.

CASE STUDY
ACTUAL MISHAP OF AN AIR CRASH
NEW DELHI :
THE COUNTRY WOKE-UP SATURDAY MORNING TO ONE OF THE DEADLIEST
AIR TRAGEDIES IN MANGALORE . AIR INDIA EXPRESS FILGHT 821 FROM DUBAI
TO MANGALORE, CARRYING 166 PASSENGERS, GOT COMPLETELY BURNT,
KILLING 158 PEOPLE AND EIGHT MIRACULOUS SURVIVORS.
TIME OF THE MISHAP :
AT 2 AM ON 22ND OF MAY THEILL- FATED AIR INDIA EXPRESS FLIGHT 812 OFF
FROM DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. CAPTAIN GLUSICA, A SERBIAN EXPAT,
WAS IN CHARGE. IT’S A FOUR-AND-A-HALF HOUR LONG FLIGHT TO
MANGALORE.
THE FLIGHT WAS SCHEDULED TO TOUCH DOWN AT ABOUT 6:30 AM.
THERE WERE 166 PASSENGERS ON BOARD – 137 ADULTS, 19 CHILDREN, 4
INFANTS AND 6 CREW MEMBERS.
MOST OF THEM WERE FROM KERLA, HEANDLING BACK FROM THE
GULF,EACH WITH A DATE TO KEEP IT WITH THERE LOVED ONSE.

• DATE: 9TH MAY, 2012
• AIRLINE : sukhoi
• AIRCRAFT : sukhoi SU95
• LOCATION : Near jakartal,indonesia
• Fatalities : 45:45

AVIATION PPT (RAHUL GUPTA)

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