Avogadro’s law
Avogadro’s law
 Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac of France studied the
volume relationship of reacting gases.
 In 1809, he published his results. He summarized in
a statement known as GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW OF
COMBINING VOLUMES OF GASES: When
measured at the same temperature and pressure,
the ratios of the volumes of reacting gases are the
Avogadro’s law
H2 + Cl2  2 HCl
1 volume 1 volume 2 volumes
1 molecule 1 molecule 2 molecules
1 mol 1 mol 2 mol
Avogadro’s law
 AVOGADRO’S LAW states that equal volumes of different
gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the
same number of molecules.
 If the amount of gas in a container is increased, the volume
is increased.
 If the amount of gas in a container is decreased, the
volume is decreased.
Avogadro’s law
 As you increase the amount
of gas (i.e. through
inhalation) the volume of
the balloon increases
likewise.
Avogadro’s law
This law was a real breakthrough in understanding the nature
of gases.
1. It offered a rational explanation of Gay-Lussac’s law of
combining volumes of gases and indicated the diatomic
nature of elemental gases, such as hydrogen, chlorine
and oxygen.
Avogadro’s law
2. It provided a method for determining the molecular
weights of gases of known molecular weight.
3. It afforded a firm foundation for the development of the
kinetic molecular theory.
Avogadro’s law
The mathematical form of Avogadro’s law is:
V   ; V1 = V2
n n1 n2
Sample problem 1
A sample of gas with a volume of 9.20 L is known to contain 1.225 mol. If the
amount of gas is increased to 2.85 mol, what new volume will result if the
pressure and temperature remain constant?
Avogadro’s law
Solution
Given: V1 = 9.20 L V2 = ?
n1 = 1.225 mol n2 = 2.85 mol
Solution:
V2 = n2V1 = (2.85 mol) (9.20 L) = 21.4 L
n1 (1.225 mol)
Avogadro’s law
Sample exercises
1. If 0.25 mol of argon gas occupies a volume of 7.62 mL at a
particular temperature and pressure, what volume would
0.43 mol of argon have under the same conditions?
Avogadro’s law
Sample exercises
2. At a certain temperature and pressure, a balloon with 10.0 g
of oxygen has a volume of 7.00 L. What is the volume
after 5.00 g of oxygen is added to the balloon?
The End
….. Thank You …..

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avogadroslaw-112330725003343-phpapp01.ppt

  • 2. Avogadro’s law  Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac of France studied the volume relationship of reacting gases.  In 1809, he published his results. He summarized in a statement known as GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW OF COMBINING VOLUMES OF GASES: When measured at the same temperature and pressure, the ratios of the volumes of reacting gases are the
  • 3. Avogadro’s law H2 + Cl2  2 HCl 1 volume 1 volume 2 volumes 1 molecule 1 molecule 2 molecules 1 mol 1 mol 2 mol
  • 4. Avogadro’s law  AVOGADRO’S LAW states that equal volumes of different gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.  If the amount of gas in a container is increased, the volume is increased.  If the amount of gas in a container is decreased, the volume is decreased.
  • 5. Avogadro’s law  As you increase the amount of gas (i.e. through inhalation) the volume of the balloon increases likewise.
  • 6. Avogadro’s law This law was a real breakthrough in understanding the nature of gases. 1. It offered a rational explanation of Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes of gases and indicated the diatomic nature of elemental gases, such as hydrogen, chlorine and oxygen.
  • 7. Avogadro’s law 2. It provided a method for determining the molecular weights of gases of known molecular weight. 3. It afforded a firm foundation for the development of the kinetic molecular theory.
  • 8. Avogadro’s law The mathematical form of Avogadro’s law is: V   ; V1 = V2 n n1 n2 Sample problem 1 A sample of gas with a volume of 9.20 L is known to contain 1.225 mol. If the amount of gas is increased to 2.85 mol, what new volume will result if the pressure and temperature remain constant?
  • 9. Avogadro’s law Solution Given: V1 = 9.20 L V2 = ? n1 = 1.225 mol n2 = 2.85 mol Solution: V2 = n2V1 = (2.85 mol) (9.20 L) = 21.4 L n1 (1.225 mol)
  • 10. Avogadro’s law Sample exercises 1. If 0.25 mol of argon gas occupies a volume of 7.62 mL at a particular temperature and pressure, what volume would 0.43 mol of argon have under the same conditions?
  • 11. Avogadro’s law Sample exercises 2. At a certain temperature and pressure, a balloon with 10.0 g of oxygen has a volume of 7.00 L. What is the volume after 5.00 g of oxygen is added to the balloon?
  • 12. The End ….. Thank You …..