Basic Computer Operation
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The document provides an overview of basic computer operations and components. It discusses the history of computers in education and how they have revolutionized and impacted the direction of modern education. It then defines and describes various computer hardware components including the system unit, CPU, RAM, motherboard, ports, input devices like keyboards and mice, and output devices like monitors, printers, and speakers. It also discusses operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, and Linux and productivity software like Microsoft Office.
Basic Computer Operation
- 1. MA200 July 2013 Basic Computer Operation Advance Information and Communication Technology
- 2. JEFFREY D. BERMUDEZ Makilas NHS, TLE Coordinator http://www.buzzle.com/articles/use-of-computers-in-education.html
- 4. The history of computers in education has been variously characterized as an "accidental revolution" or "unthinking man and his thinking machines”.
- 5. Others have said that the computer revolution has changed the adage that "necessity is the mother of invention" to "in a computer world, invention is the mother of necessity."
- 6. However characterized, it is clear that innovators in this field have created some of the most provocative and stimulating ideas in the history of education
- 7. In retrospect, there has been a confluence of changes that have significantly impacted the direction of modern education. Global Economy The Scientific Information Explosion •http://thejournal.com/articles/1997/06/01/computers-in-education-a-brief- history.aspx#d4jbk7yMaGUEslOJ.99
- 8. •Peripheral- A computer peripheral is any external device that provides input and output for the computer. •CRT- Cathode Ray Tube. •S/PDIF - (Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format) is a type of digital audio interconnect cable used in consumer audio equipment to output audio over reasonably short distances. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/ps2
- 9. •GUI- Stands for "Graphical User Interface," and is pronounced "gooey." It refers to the graphical interface of a computer that allows users to click and drag objects with a mouse instead of entering text at a command line. •PS/2- is a type of port used by older computers for connecting input devices such as keyboards and mice. The port was introduced with IBM's Personal System/2 computer in 1987 (which was abbreviated "PS/2"). In the following years, the PS/2 port became the standard connection for keyboards and mice in all IBM compatible computers. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/usb
- 10. •USB- •http://www.techterms.com/definition/usb Stands for "Universal Serial Bus." USB is the most common type of computer port used in today's computers. It can be used to connect keyboards, mice, game controllers, printers, scanners, digital cameras, and removable media drives •Firewire- FireWire is an I/O interface developed by Apple Computer. It is also known as IEEE 1394, which is the technical name standardized by the IEEE. Other names for IEEE 1394 include Sony i.Link and Yamaha mLAN, but Apple's FireWire name the most commonly used.
- 12. •A component or peripheral device. • http://www.businessdictionary.com •An input device is any device that provides input to a computer. • http://www.techterms.com
- 13. Keyboard Most common and very popular input device is keyboard. The keyboard helps in inputting the data to the computer. The layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although there are some additional keys provided for performing some additional functions. Mouse Mouse is most popular Pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device. It is a small palm size box with a round ball at its base which senses the movement of mouse and sends corresponding signals to CPU on pressing the buttons.
- 14. •Joystick Joystick is also a pointing device which is used to move cursor position on a monitor screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and upper ends. The lower spherical ball moves in a socket. The Joystick can be moved in all four directions. •Light Pen Light pen is a pointing device which is similar to a pen. It is used to select a displayed menu item or draw pictures on the monitor screen. It consists of a photocell and an optical system placed in a small tube.
- 15. •Track Ball is an input device that is mostly used in notebook or laptop computer, instead of a mouse. This is a ball which is half inserted and by moving fingers on ball, pointer can be moved. •Scanner is an input device which works more like a photocopy machine. It is used when some information is available on a paper and it is to be transferred to the hard disc of the computer for further manipulation.
- 16. •Microphone Microphone is an input device to input sound that is then stored in digital form. The microphone is used for various applications like adding sound to a multimedia presentation or for mixing music. •Bar Code Readers Reader is a device used for reading bar coded data (data in form of light and dark lines). Bar coded data is generally used in labeling goods, numbering the books etc. It may be a hand held scanner or may be embedded in a stationary scanner.
- 17. •The term webcam is a combination of “Web" and "video camera." The purpose of a webcam is, not surprisingly, to broadcast video on the Web. Webcams are typically small cameras that either attach to a user's monitor or sit on a desk. Most webcams connect to the computer via USB, though some use a Firewire connection. •http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/computer_input_d evices.htm
- 18. • http://www.techterms.com/definition/system_unit The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part of a desktop computer. It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and other components. The system unit also includes the case that houses the internal components of the computer.
- 19. • http://www.techterms.com/definition/cpu Stands for "Central Processing Unit." This is the pretty much the brain of your computer. It processes everything from basic instructions to complex functions. Any time something needs to be computed, it gets sent to the CPU.
- 20. •http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_funda mentals/computer_cpu.htm •CPU itself has following three components. •Memory Or Storage Unit: •Control Unit •ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
- 21. •http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_funda mentals/computer_ram.htm •A RAM constitutes the internal memory of the CPU for storing data, program and program result. It is read/write memory. It is called random access memory (RAM).
- 22. http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_funda mentals/computer_motherboard.htm •The motherboard serves as a single platform to connect all of the parts of a computer together. A motherboard connects CPU, memory, hard drives, optical drives, video card, sound card and other ports and expansion cards directly or via cables. It can be considered as the backbone of a computer.
- 23. •http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_funda mentals/computer_ports.htm •A computer port is a physical docking point using which an external device can be connected to the computer. •A computer port can also be programmatic docking point through which information flows from a program to computer or over the internet.
- 24. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/outputdevice •Any device that outputs information from a computer is called, not surprisingly, an output device. Since most information from a computer is output in either a visual or auditory format.
- 25. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/outputdevice •Refers to a class of video devices that have reduced volume, weight and power requirement compare to the CRT. You can hang them on walls or wear them on your wrists. Current uses for flat-panel displays include calculators, videogames, monitors, laptop computer, graphics display.
- 26. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/outputdevice •Is the most important output device, which is used to print information on paper
- 27. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/outputdevice •The computer speaker is an output device which gives the user auditory feedback regarding the state of the computer.
- 28. •http://www.computerhope.com/os.htm •An operating system or OS is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Without a computer operating system, a computer and software programs would be useless.
- 29. •http://www.computerhope.com/os.htm •The three most common operating systems for personal computers are • Microsoft Windows •Apple Mac OS X •Linux
- 30. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/windows •Windows is a series of operating system developed by Microsoft. Each version of Windows includes a graphical user interface, with a desktop that allows users to view files and folders in windows. •Microsoft Windows
- 32. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/macos •Mac OS •Mac OS is a line of operating systems created by Apple Inc. It comes preloaded on all new Macintosh computers, or Macs. All of the recent versions are known as Mac OS (pronounced Mac O-S ), and their specific version names are Mountain Lion (released in 2012), Lion (2011), and Snow Leopard (2009). Apple also offers a version called Mac OS X Server, which is designed to be run on servers.
- 34. •http://www.gcflearnfree.org/computerbasics/2.5 •Linux •Linux (pronounce LINN-ux) is a family of open source operating systems, which means that they can be modified and distributed by anyone around the world. This is very different from proprietary software like Windows, which can only be modified by the company that owns it (Microsoft). The advantages of Linux are that it is free, and there are many different distributions (or versions) that you can choose from. Each distribution has a different look and feel, and the most popular ones include Ubuntu, Mint, and Fedora.
- 36. •http://www.techterms.com/definition/office •Microsoft Office is a productivity suite developed for Windows and Macintosh systems. It is available in several editions, each of which includes multiple applications. All Office editions include the three standard programs, World, Excel, and Powerpoint. It also consist of Publisher, One Note, Access •Microsoft Office
- 37. •http://www.techstalks.com/office-2013-best-features/ •Release of MS Office 2013 ( Formerly known Office 15) on January 29, 2013. •Microsoft Office Update
- 38. •http://www.techstalks.com/office-2013-best-features/ •It’s very much miracle news is that now you all can edit PDF files by word 2013. Just open the PDF file as word 2013 and then PDF file is all yours. You can embed photos and videos on that by using YouTube or Facebook. •Edit PDF Files in Word:
- 39. •http://www.techstalks.com/office-2013-best-features/ •Microsoft Office 2013 contains some important and unique templates which is already been set and functioned for study, business, calculations etc. •Very Useful New Templates
- 41. •http://www.techstalks.com/office-2013-best-features/ •Now you can easily upload your documents in SkyDrive with Microsoft Office 2013. By this you can access your files out of home and any time you want. •SkyDrive Easy Access All the time
- 42. •Before encoding any data in the office it is better to set up the page first
- 43. • To fit a book in Excel to a printable sheet on Excel 2007 •Press MS button •Click print preview •On menu tab, click page set •Adjust the percentage of sheet until it fits on the preview •Close preview and proceed to printing Note: set print area on page layout tab is only use to merge multiple sheet to create one printable page
- 44. • To fit a book in Excel to a printable sheet on Excel 2010 •Click Ctrl+P •On the setting menu, click scaling tab •Set to Fit Sheet on One Page •Click print button
- 45. End!