Best coding practices
Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes1,197 views
This document provides best practices for coding. It discusses the importance of coding practices in reducing rework time and saving money. It covers four key areas: program design, naming conventions, documentation, and formatting. Program design discusses architectures like MVC and data storage. Naming conventions provide guidelines for naming classes, methods, variables and packages using conventions like camel casing. Documentation comments are important for maintaining programs and explaining code to other developers. Formatting addresses indentation, whitespace and brace formatting.
1 of 12
Downloaded 16 times
Ad
Recommended
Coding standard and coding guideline
Coding standard and coding guidelineDhananjaysinh Jhala A presentation on Coding standard and coding guideline topic in software engineering(SE) useful especially to computer engineering GTU students.
Coding Best Practices
Coding Best Practicesmh_azad The document discusses various coding best practices and conventions for writing good quality code, including naming conventions, formatting guidelines, and general programming practices. Some key points covered include using descriptive names, consistent indentation and spacing, single responsibility per method, error handling, and separating concerns between layers.
Coding Standards & Best Practices for iOS/C#
Coding Standards & Best Practices for iOS/C#Asim Rais Siddiqui The document provides guidelines for coding standards and best practices to develop reliable and maintainable applications. It discusses topics like naming conventions, indentation and spacing, commenting code, avoiding bugs, and organizing code logically. The goal is to outline a standard approach for an entire team to follow to make the code easy to understand, modify and prevent errors. Key recommendations include using meaningful names, consistent indentation, separating concerns in methods, adding descriptive comments, handling errors gracefully and using source control.
Coding conventions
Coding conventionssystemcrashed This document discusses code standards and best practices for writing maintainable code. It emphasizes the importance of code organization, documentation, naming conventions, indentation, brace styles, commenting, consistency, and readability. Specific guidelines are provided for naming conventions, indentation, brace styles, and commenting. The document stresses choosing and adhering to coding standards to promote uniformity and minimize issues when collaborating on projects.
Coding conventions
Coding conventionsThitipong Jampajeen Coding conventions are guidelines for programming style and best practices. They cover areas like file organization, indentation, comments, naming conventions, and architectural patterns. Following conventions improves code readability, maintainability, and quality. The Apache CloudStack conventions document provides examples for naming variables and methods, formatting files and whitespace, structuring statements, writing comments, and naming patterns like DTOs, VOsand utility classes. Consistent conventions are important for code maintenance and understanding.
Coding standards and guidelines
Coding standards and guidelinesbrijraj_singh The document discusses coding standards and guidelines for developers to follow. It recommends limiting lines of code to 20 lines per function, writing comments before code, using PascalCase for class and method names and camelCase for variables, and giving functions, classes and variables meaningful names. Developers should not use single character variable names or underscores for local variables, and should prefix boolean variables with "is". Namespace names should follow a standard pattern of company, product, top and bottom level modules. Formatting and readability of code is also important. Future sessions will cover additional coding standards, tools to improve practices, and packaging programs.
Coding standards
Coding standardsMimoh Ojha Coding standards are the standards required while programming to increase reliability,efficiency and maintenance of software.
Coding standard
Coding standardFAROOK Samath This document discusses various code quality tools such as FindBugs, PMD, and Checkstyle. It provides information on what each tool is used for, how to install plugins for them in Eclipse, and how to configure them for use with Ant builds. FindBugs looks for potential bugs in Java bytecode. PMD scans source code for coding mistakes, dead code, complicated expressions, and duplicate code. Checkstyle checks that code complies with coding style rules. The document explains how to download and configure each tool so it can be run from Eclipse or as part of an Ant build.
C# program structure
C# program structurebaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an overview of C# program structure and key concepts like namespaces, classes, structs, interfaces, enumerations, delegates, and abstract classes. It defines each concept, provides examples, and explains when to use each one and how they relate to each other. Namespaces help organize code, classes and structs define custom types, interfaces define common functionality, enumerations define named constants, delegates define callbacks, and abstract classes define common traits.
Coding standards for java
Coding standards for javamaheshm1206 This document provides an introduction to coding standards for Java. It discusses why coding standards are important for consistency, readability, and maintainability. It outlines the key components of a Java source file and comments. It also covers naming conventions, formatting, and best practices for variables, methods, classes, and comments. Finally, it introduces static code analysis tools like PMD and AppPerfect that can analyze Java code and enforce coding standards and best practices.
C# coding standards, good programming principles & refactoring
C# coding standards, good programming principles & refactoringEyob Lube The document discusses C# coding standards and principles of good programming. It covers topics such as the importance of coding standards, principles like KISS and SOLID, general naming conventions, and refactoring code for better design. Specific points made include that coding standards create consistency, enable quicker understanding of code, and facilitate collaboration. The SOLID principles of single responsibility, open/closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation and dependency inversion are explained. Meaningful naming is also emphasized, with examples of how intention-revealing names can greatly improve readability and maintainability of code.
Introduction to c#
Introduction to c#OpenSource Technologies Pvt. Ltd. C# is a component-oriented programming language that builds on the .NET framework. It has a familiar C-like syntax that is easy for developers familiar with C, C++, Java, and Visual Basic to adopt. C# is fully object-oriented and optimized for building .NET applications. Everything in C# belongs to a class, with basic data types including integers, floats, booleans, characters, and strings. C# supports common programming constructs like variables, conditional statements, loops, methods, and classes. C# can be easily combined with ASP.NET for building web applications in a powerful, fast, and high-level way.
Code quality 
Code quality Sunil Prasad Code quality is important to ensure code is easy to understand, maintain and extend. Key aspects of code quality include having high test coverage, following design principles like SOLID, and using metrics like maintainability index and technical practices such as pair programming, code reviews, refactoring and test-driven development. Tools like Visual Studio and Resharper can help analyze code quality metrics and identify areas for improvement.
SDLC Models
SDLC Modelsakash250690 The document presents information on the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including:
1) It describes the seven main phases of the SDLC - planning, analysis, design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance.
2) It discusses several SDLC models like waterfall, iterative, prototyping, spiral and V-model and compares their strengths and weaknesses.
3) It emphasizes the important role of testing in the SDLC and describes different testing types done during the phases.
Code review
Code reviewAbhishek Sur Code review in TFS is an important concern. In this presentation we will learn now to implement best practices while doing code review with TFS.
Angular 8 
Angular 8 Sunil OS This document provides an overview of Angular, including:
- Angular is a JavaScript framework used to build client-side applications with HTML. Code is written in TypeScript which compiles to JavaScript.
- Angular enhances HTML with directives, data binding, and dependency injection. It follows an MVC architecture internally.
- Components are the basic building blocks of Angular applications. Modules contain components and services. Services contain reusable business logic.
- The document discusses Angular concepts like modules, components, data binding, services, routing and forms. It provides examples of creating a sample login/welcome application in Angular.
An Introduction to Test Driven Development 
An Introduction to Test Driven Development CodeOps Technologies LLP This document provides an overview of test-driven development (TDD). It defines TDD as a technique for building software where tests are written before code to guide development. The key aspects of TDD covered are:
- Writing tests first before code, which helps improve design and ensures tests are written.
- The TDD mantra of Red-Green-Refactor, where tests initially fail (Red), code is written to pass tests (Green), then code is refactored to improve design.
- An example case study of a large Java project developed using TDD that has over 20,000 lines of unit tests providing over 90% test coverage.
Code Review
Code ReviewMikalai Alimenkou Presentation from Agile Base Camp 2 conference (Kiev, May 2010) and AgileDays'11 (Moscow, March 2011) about one of the most useful engineering practices from XP world.
An introduction to unit testing
An introduction to unit testingAdam Stephensen The document discusses introductory concepts and best practices for unit testing, including:
1. Why unit tests are important for reducing bugs, improving design, and making development faster.
2. The different types of tests like unit tests, integration tests, and functional tests.
3. What constitutes a unit test, including that it is small, repeatable, consistent, and fast.
4. An example of writing a "Hello World" unit test in C#.
ORM in Django
ORM in DjangoHoang Nguyen The document discusses Object Relational Mapping (ORM) in Django. It begins by explaining that ORM provides an API that allows accessing databases in an object-oriented style, making the database more transparent. It then provides examples of how to define models by inheriting from Django's Model class and adding fields. Various field types like CharField, IntegerField, DateField are demonstrated. It also shows how to define relationships and primary keys. The document concludes by explaining how to perform CRUD operations on models in an object-oriented way using Django's ORM APIs.
Oops concepts || Object Oriented Programming Concepts in Java
Oops concepts || Object Oriented Programming Concepts in JavaMadishetty Prathibha This tutorial covers:
-Procedural Vs Object Oriented Programming
- OOPS concepts || Object Oriented Programming Concepts
1. OBJECT
2. CLASS
3. ABSTRACTION
4. ENCAPSULATION
5. INHERITANCE
6. POLYMORPHISM
7. DYNAMIC BINDING
8. MESSAGE PASSING
C# basics
C# basicsDinesh kumar The document provides an overview of the basics of C# 2008 .NET 3.0/3.5, including the basic structure of a C# program, namespaces, classes, methods, variables, data types, operators, flow control, arrays, namespaces, console input/output, and comments. It discusses key concepts such as object-oriented programming fundamentals, console applications in Visual Studio 2008, and more advanced topics such as checked and unchecked operators.
Rad model
Rad modelDyanara Pritz Menia Rapid Application Development (RAD) is an agile software development methodology that focuses on rapid prototyping through workshops and iterative testing with customers. It involves business modeling to identify information flows, data modeling to define necessary data objects, and process modeling to convert data objects into business processes. Automated tools are then used to generate code from the models. The RAD model aims to reduce development time through reusability, early customer feedback, and short iteration cycles enabled by powerful modeling and code generation tools. However, it relies on strong individual performances, is only suitable for modularized systems, and requires high modeling and development skills.
Learn Java with Dr. Rifat Shahriyar
Learn Java with Dr. Rifat ShahriyarAbir Mohammad Learn Java in an easy and effective Method With Rifat Shahriyar Copyight reserved to © Dr. Rifat Shahriyar.
Cohesion and coupling
Cohesion and couplingAprajita (Abbey) Singh Coupling refers to the interdependence between software modules. There are several types of coupling from loose to tight, with the tightest being content coupling where one module relies on the internal workings of another. Cohesion measures how strongly related the functionality within a module is, ranging from coincidental to functional cohesion which is the strongest. Tight coupling and low cohesion can make software harder to maintain and reuse modules.
Software development life cycle (SDLC)
Software development life cycle (SDLC)Simran Kaur The document defines the software development life cycle (SDLC) and its phases. It discusses several SDLC models including waterfall, prototype, iterative enhancement, and spiral. The waterfall model follows sequential phases from requirements to maintenance with no overlap. The prototype model involves building prototypes for user feedback. The iterative enhancement model develops software incrementally. The spiral model is divided into risk analysis, engineering, construction, and evaluation cycles. The document also covers software requirements, elicitation through interviews and use cases, analysis through data, behavioral and functional modeling, and documentation in a software requirements specification.
C sharp
C sharpsanjay joshi The document discusses an agenda covering the .NET platform and Visual Studio. It will cover the .NET framework, an introduction to C#, object-oriented programming in C#, assemblies and modules, and sample applications. It then discusses the .NET platform, Visual Studio IDE, execution in .NET, and code conversion to C#. Key aspects of C# like components, data types, arrays, and assemblies are defined.
Se 381 - lec 26 - 26 - 12 may30 - software design - detailed design - se de...
Se 381 - lec 26 - 26 - 12 may30 - software design - detailed design - se de...babak danyal This document discusses detailed design in software engineering. It explains that detailed design further specifies modules identified in high-level design in an unambiguous way so they can be implemented by programmers. Module specifications can use structured English, pseudo-code, decision tables, or state transition diagrams. An example of a structured English specification for a sorting module is provided. The document also discusses when more formal methods like decision trees may be needed for complex modules.
Reading Notes : the practice of programming
Reading Notes : the practice of programmingJuggernaut Liu This document summarizes a study group sharing on programming best practices. It discusses topics like style, design, interfaces, debugging, testing, performance, portability, and notation. The speaker, Juggernaut Liu, has 6 years of C# experience and focuses on ideas like using descriptive variable names, commenting code, designing for interfaces to hide implementations, and writing portable code to improve maintainability. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate techniques for writing clean, efficient code.
Ad
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
C# program structure
C# program structurebaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an overview of C# program structure and key concepts like namespaces, classes, structs, interfaces, enumerations, delegates, and abstract classes. It defines each concept, provides examples, and explains when to use each one and how they relate to each other. Namespaces help organize code, classes and structs define custom types, interfaces define common functionality, enumerations define named constants, delegates define callbacks, and abstract classes define common traits.
Coding standards for java
Coding standards for javamaheshm1206 This document provides an introduction to coding standards for Java. It discusses why coding standards are important for consistency, readability, and maintainability. It outlines the key components of a Java source file and comments. It also covers naming conventions, formatting, and best practices for variables, methods, classes, and comments. Finally, it introduces static code analysis tools like PMD and AppPerfect that can analyze Java code and enforce coding standards and best practices.
C# coding standards, good programming principles & refactoring
C# coding standards, good programming principles & refactoringEyob Lube The document discusses C# coding standards and principles of good programming. It covers topics such as the importance of coding standards, principles like KISS and SOLID, general naming conventions, and refactoring code for better design. Specific points made include that coding standards create consistency, enable quicker understanding of code, and facilitate collaboration. The SOLID principles of single responsibility, open/closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation and dependency inversion are explained. Meaningful naming is also emphasized, with examples of how intention-revealing names can greatly improve readability and maintainability of code.
Introduction to c#
Introduction to c#OpenSource Technologies Pvt. Ltd. C# is a component-oriented programming language that builds on the .NET framework. It has a familiar C-like syntax that is easy for developers familiar with C, C++, Java, and Visual Basic to adopt. C# is fully object-oriented and optimized for building .NET applications. Everything in C# belongs to a class, with basic data types including integers, floats, booleans, characters, and strings. C# supports common programming constructs like variables, conditional statements, loops, methods, and classes. C# can be easily combined with ASP.NET for building web applications in a powerful, fast, and high-level way.
Code quality
Code quality Sunil Prasad Code quality is important to ensure code is easy to understand, maintain and extend. Key aspects of code quality include having high test coverage, following design principles like SOLID, and using metrics like maintainability index and technical practices such as pair programming, code reviews, refactoring and test-driven development. Tools like Visual Studio and Resharper can help analyze code quality metrics and identify areas for improvement.
SDLC Models
SDLC Modelsakash250690 The document presents information on the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including:
1) It describes the seven main phases of the SDLC - planning, analysis, design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance.
2) It discusses several SDLC models like waterfall, iterative, prototyping, spiral and V-model and compares their strengths and weaknesses.
3) It emphasizes the important role of testing in the SDLC and describes different testing types done during the phases.
Code review
Code reviewAbhishek Sur Code review in TFS is an important concern. In this presentation we will learn now to implement best practices while doing code review with TFS.
Angular 8
Angular 8 Sunil OS This document provides an overview of Angular, including:
- Angular is a JavaScript framework used to build client-side applications with HTML. Code is written in TypeScript which compiles to JavaScript.
- Angular enhances HTML with directives, data binding, and dependency injection. It follows an MVC architecture internally.
- Components are the basic building blocks of Angular applications. Modules contain components and services. Services contain reusable business logic.
- The document discusses Angular concepts like modules, components, data binding, services, routing and forms. It provides examples of creating a sample login/welcome application in Angular.
An Introduction to Test Driven Development
An Introduction to Test Driven Development CodeOps Technologies LLP This document provides an overview of test-driven development (TDD). It defines TDD as a technique for building software where tests are written before code to guide development. The key aspects of TDD covered are:
- Writing tests first before code, which helps improve design and ensures tests are written.
- The TDD mantra of Red-Green-Refactor, where tests initially fail (Red), code is written to pass tests (Green), then code is refactored to improve design.
- An example case study of a large Java project developed using TDD that has over 20,000 lines of unit tests providing over 90% test coverage.
Code Review
Code ReviewMikalai Alimenkou Presentation from Agile Base Camp 2 conference (Kiev, May 2010) and AgileDays'11 (Moscow, March 2011) about one of the most useful engineering practices from XP world.
An introduction to unit testing
An introduction to unit testingAdam Stephensen The document discusses introductory concepts and best practices for unit testing, including:
1. Why unit tests are important for reducing bugs, improving design, and making development faster.
2. The different types of tests like unit tests, integration tests, and functional tests.
3. What constitutes a unit test, including that it is small, repeatable, consistent, and fast.
4. An example of writing a "Hello World" unit test in C#.
ORM in Django
ORM in DjangoHoang Nguyen The document discusses Object Relational Mapping (ORM) in Django. It begins by explaining that ORM provides an API that allows accessing databases in an object-oriented style, making the database more transparent. It then provides examples of how to define models by inheriting from Django's Model class and adding fields. Various field types like CharField, IntegerField, DateField are demonstrated. It also shows how to define relationships and primary keys. The document concludes by explaining how to perform CRUD operations on models in an object-oriented way using Django's ORM APIs.
Oops concepts || Object Oriented Programming Concepts in Java
Oops concepts || Object Oriented Programming Concepts in JavaMadishetty Prathibha This tutorial covers:
-Procedural Vs Object Oriented Programming
- OOPS concepts || Object Oriented Programming Concepts
1. OBJECT
2. CLASS
3. ABSTRACTION
4. ENCAPSULATION
5. INHERITANCE
6. POLYMORPHISM
7. DYNAMIC BINDING
8. MESSAGE PASSING
C# basics
C# basicsDinesh kumar The document provides an overview of the basics of C# 2008 .NET 3.0/3.5, including the basic structure of a C# program, namespaces, classes, methods, variables, data types, operators, flow control, arrays, namespaces, console input/output, and comments. It discusses key concepts such as object-oriented programming fundamentals, console applications in Visual Studio 2008, and more advanced topics such as checked and unchecked operators.
Rad model
Rad modelDyanara Pritz Menia Rapid Application Development (RAD) is an agile software development methodology that focuses on rapid prototyping through workshops and iterative testing with customers. It involves business modeling to identify information flows, data modeling to define necessary data objects, and process modeling to convert data objects into business processes. Automated tools are then used to generate code from the models. The RAD model aims to reduce development time through reusability, early customer feedback, and short iteration cycles enabled by powerful modeling and code generation tools. However, it relies on strong individual performances, is only suitable for modularized systems, and requires high modeling and development skills.
Learn Java with Dr. Rifat Shahriyar
Learn Java with Dr. Rifat ShahriyarAbir Mohammad Learn Java in an easy and effective Method With Rifat Shahriyar Copyight reserved to © Dr. Rifat Shahriyar.
Cohesion and coupling
Cohesion and couplingAprajita (Abbey) Singh Coupling refers to the interdependence between software modules. There are several types of coupling from loose to tight, with the tightest being content coupling where one module relies on the internal workings of another. Cohesion measures how strongly related the functionality within a module is, ranging from coincidental to functional cohesion which is the strongest. Tight coupling and low cohesion can make software harder to maintain and reuse modules.
Software development life cycle (SDLC)
Software development life cycle (SDLC)Simran Kaur The document defines the software development life cycle (SDLC) and its phases. It discusses several SDLC models including waterfall, prototype, iterative enhancement, and spiral. The waterfall model follows sequential phases from requirements to maintenance with no overlap. The prototype model involves building prototypes for user feedback. The iterative enhancement model develops software incrementally. The spiral model is divided into risk analysis, engineering, construction, and evaluation cycles. The document also covers software requirements, elicitation through interviews and use cases, analysis through data, behavioral and functional modeling, and documentation in a software requirements specification.
C sharp
C sharpsanjay joshi The document discusses an agenda covering the .NET platform and Visual Studio. It will cover the .NET framework, an introduction to C#, object-oriented programming in C#, assemblies and modules, and sample applications. It then discusses the .NET platform, Visual Studio IDE, execution in .NET, and code conversion to C#. Key aspects of C# like components, data types, arrays, and assemblies are defined.
Similar to Best coding practices (20)
Se 381 - lec 26 - 26 - 12 may30 - software design - detailed design - se de...
Se 381 - lec 26 - 26 - 12 may30 - software design - detailed design - se de...babak danyal This document discusses detailed design in software engineering. It explains that detailed design further specifies modules identified in high-level design in an unambiguous way so they can be implemented by programmers. Module specifications can use structured English, pseudo-code, decision tables, or state transition diagrams. An example of a structured English specification for a sorting module is provided. The document also discusses when more formal methods like decision trees may be needed for complex modules.
Reading Notes : the practice of programming
Reading Notes : the practice of programmingJuggernaut Liu This document summarizes a study group sharing on programming best practices. It discusses topics like style, design, interfaces, debugging, testing, performance, portability, and notation. The speaker, Juggernaut Liu, has 6 years of C# experience and focuses on ideas like using descriptive variable names, commenting code, designing for interfaces to hide implementations, and writing portable code to improve maintainability. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate techniques for writing clean, efficient code.
1.2 Evaluation of PLs.ppt
1.2 Evaluation of PLs.pptmeenabairagi1 This document discusses several factors that influence the cost of developing software in different programming languages. It addresses criteria for evaluating languages, including readability, writability, simplicity, reliability, and expressive power. These criteria impact total software costs through their effects on training time, development time, compilation/execution time, maintenance needs, and reliability. The document also examines how language features like abstraction, orthogonality, structured control, and type checking can improve readability, writability and reliability.
Dal deck
Dal deckCaroline_Rose Peter Teitelbaum presented Database Abstraction Layers to the LAMySQL and LAPHP Groups on October 1, 2013. These are his slides.
Java publish
Java publishPriya Kumaraswami The document provides an introduction to programming and the first program written in Java. It explains the key components of a program like classes, main method, print statement etc. The first program simply prints "Hello World!" by using the print statement System.out.println within the main method of a class. Comments are also described which are used to provide remarks in a Java program.
Lecture-3.pptx and faculty. His research interests include RF sensing,
Lecture-3.pptx and faculty. His research interests include RF sensing,MuhammadUsmanYaseen2 Syed Aziz Shah, Associate Professor at Coventry University's Research Centre for Intelligent Healthcare (CIH). With academic qualifications spanning across the UK, China, Sweden, and Pakistan – Syed brings over 12 years of experience in teaching, research and innovation. He is an interdisciplinary researcher focusing on advanced radio frequency (RF) sensor design and signal processing using RF and THz sensing, specifically for physiological measurements. He is highly motivated to utilize and develop advanced technologies that address the unmet healthcare challenges of unobtrusive monitoring for health and wellbeing purposes. With a proven track record of securing substantial research funding; notably, he secured research grants totaling £1 million (8 grants, 6 as PI and 2 as CoI.) and was honored with the UK’s prestigious Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) New Investigator Award for project ‘Radar Sensing for Human Activity Monitoring of Daily Living Simultaneously in Multiple Subjects’ (EP/W037076/1, £410,000 fEC)). He has also (co)-authored 110+ top-rank peer-reviewed journals and conferences including 3 transactions, indicating his dedication to advancing knowledge in the field of RF sensing. He has been leading the Healthcare Sensing Technology Research Group at Coventry University since 2020, overseeing two Assistant Professors, two Research Fellows, and eight PhD students, and having obtained extensive administrative experience. He provides strategic leadership, oversees postgraduate research activities, and offer mentorship to MSc and PhD students. He is actively involved in supporting PGR collaborations, maintaining ethical standards, managing PGR funds, and enhancing research impact within the research center and faculty. His research interests include RF sensing, telecommunications, 5G and beyond networks and use of technology in health care
Introduction
Introductionbaran19901990 The document provides information about a programming languages course, including:
- The lecturer's details and contact information.
- Assessment criteria including tutorials, assignments, exams.
- An outline of course topics such as language categories, evaluation criteria, and implementation methods.
- References and resources used in the course.
Programming language paradigms
Programming language paradigmsAshok Raj This document discusses programming language paradigms. It defines a paradigm as a style of thinking to solve problems. Programming language paradigms refer to how a language views problems to be solved. The main types discussed are imperative, declarative, procedural, object-oriented, parallel processing, logic, functional, and database paradigms. Different problems require different paradigms. Knowing the paradigm first allows coding a language in the intended way. The document examines characteristics of each paradigm type and provides examples of languages that fall under each.
Principles of programming languages. Detail notes
Principles of programming languages. Detail notesVIKAS SINGH BHADOURIA The document provides an overview of principles of programming languages, including:
- Reasons for studying programming language concepts such as improved ability to learn new languages.
- Categories of programming languages including imperative, functional, logic, and object-oriented languages.
- Factors that influence language design such as computer architecture and programming methodologies.
- Methods of describing syntax including Backus-Naur Form and context-free grammars. Attribute grammars add semantic information to parse trees.
- Implementation methods for languages including compilation, interpretation, and hybrid systems.
data structures and its importance 
data structures and its importance Anaya Zafar This document provides an overview of a course on data structures and algorithms. The course covers fundamental data structures like arrays, stacks, queues, lists, trees, hashing, and graphs. It emphasizes good programming practices like modularity, documentation and readability. Key concepts covered include data types, abstract data types, algorithms, selecting appropriate data structures based on efficiency requirements, and the goals of learning commonly used structures and analyzing structure costs and benefits.
Unit 2.pptx
Unit 2.pptxSherinRappai Unit 2 discusses different programming paradigms including structured and unstructured programming. Structured programming divides code into modular functions making it easier to test, debug and modify, while unstructured programming writes code in a single block. Common structured programming languages include C and Pascal.
Unit 2.pptx
Unit 2.pptxSherinRappai1 Unit 2 discusses different programming paradigms including structured and unstructured programming. Structured programming divides code into modular functions making it easier to test, debug and modify, while unstructured programming writes code in a single block. Common structured programming languages include C and Pascal.
Software engineering topics,coding phase in sdlc
Software engineering topics,coding phase in sdlcdhandesumit71 Software engineering topics,coding phase in sdlc
part 1 - intorduction data structure 2021 mte.ppt
part 1 - intorduction data structure 2021 mte.pptabdoSelem1 The document outlines a course on data structures and algorithms that is divided into 6 main parts covering various data structures, algorithms for sorting and searching, and programming concepts. The objectives of the course are to familiarize students with data structures, algorithms, and analyzing algorithm efficiency. Assessment will be based on assignments, projects, exams, and class participation.
Desired language characteristics – Data typing .pptx
Desired language characteristics – Data typing .pptx4132lenin6497ram This document discusses various topics related to programming languages and tools for real-time systems. It explores desired language characteristics for real-time systems like readability, modularity, and support for meeting deadlines. It also covers data typing, control structures, hierarchical decomposition using blocks, procedures and functions. Additional topics include packages, error handling, multitasking, low-level programming, scheduling and experimental languages. Examples of languages used for real-time systems are given like C, C++, Ada, Assembly and Python.
HND Assignment Brief Session Sept.docx
HND Assignment Brief Session Sept.docxjoyjonna282 HND Assignment Brief Session: September 2015
Programme title
BTEC HND in Computing and Systems Development
Unit number and title
41
Programming in Java (L5)
Assignment number & title
1 of 1
Programming in Java (L5)
Unit Leader
DR Gebremichael
Assessor (s)
Yonas Gebremichael and Hassan Baajour
Issue Date
30 Sept 2015
Final assignment submission deadline
28 May 2015 – 09 Sept 2015
Late submission deadline
11 – 16 September 2015
The learners are required to follow the strict deadline set by the
College for submissions of assignments in accordance with the BTEC level 4 – 7 submission guidelines and College policy on submissions. They should also refer to Merit and Distinction criteria that require evidence of meeting agreed timelines and ability to plan and organise time effectively without which the learner may not expect to receive a higher grade.
Resubmission deadline
TBA
Feedback
In-class feedback will be available from draft submissions on a taskby-task basis as a formative feedback and also for initial submission. Final feedback will be available within 2 – 3 weeks of the assignment submission date.
General
Guidelines
1. The work you submit must be in your own words. If you use a quote or an illustration from somewhere you must give the source.
2. Include a list of references at the end of your document. You must give all your sources of information.
3. Make sure your work is clearly presented and that you use readily understandable English.
4. Wherever possible use a word processor and its “spell-checker”.
Internal verifier
Dr. Hasan
Signature (IV of the brief) *
Dr. Hasan
Date
06/05/15
ICON College of Technology and Management
BTEC HND in Computing and Systems Development
(CSD)
Unit41: Programming in Java (L5)
Session: May\Sept 2015
Coursework
Recommended maximum words: 4,000
This Unit will be assessed by assignment and Presentation.
You are strongly recommended to read “Preparation guidelines of the Coursework Document” before answering/solving your assignment.
Scenario:
White Chapel Academy has asked you to develop a Student Information Management System (SIMS). The system shall hold the details of every student and tutor and admin staff in the school as well as storing information about the courses that are available at the school. It shall enable the school staff to enrol students to the school and manage student’s fee payments.
Once the students are enrolled, a system administrator will create classes in the system and allocate date, time and tutor for each class to enrol students to. The system shall also be used for managing students’ class attendance as well as track their progress in the course. The system shall have a facility for registered parents to login and check their sons’ or daughters’ attendance, academic progress, behaviour at school.
When a student first enrols at the school, he or she will receive a timetable with a list of classe ...
java tutorial for beginners learning.ppt
java tutorial for beginners learning.pptusha852 The document provides an introduction to the Java programming language. It discusses object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism. It then describes the Java programming language, how Java programs are structured using classes and methods, and how comments are used. It also discusses program development processes like compiling, interpreting and debugging programs as well as object-oriented problem solving and design.
Introduction to Software - Coder Forge - John Mulhall
Introduction to Software - Coder Forge - John MulhallJohn Mulhall An introduction to software for Coder Forge on 27th April covering common terms, OOP and programming tips
Software Craftmanship - Cours Polytech
Software Craftmanship - Cours Polytechyannick grenzinger The document discusses principles of craftsmanship in software development, including clean code, test-driven development, domain-driven design, and refactoring. It emphasizes writing code with quality, simplicity, shared ownership, and professionalism. It provides examples of unit testing principles like FAST and describes techniques like the TDD loop and code katas/dojos. It also explains SOLID principles for object-oriented design such as single responsibility, open/closed, Liskov substitution, and others. Finally, it discusses refactoring code smells and techniques for improving code quality through refactoring.
Ad
More from baabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers (20)
Agile methodology and scrum development
Agile methodology and scrum developmentbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document provides an overview of agile methodology compared to traditional waterfall methodology. Waterfall development completes each phase sequentially before moving to the next, which can be risky and inefficient. Agile is iterative and adaptable, prioritizing working software over documentation. Scrum is an agile framework that uses short sprints, daily stand-ups, and backlogs to deliver working software frequently. Kanban also uses iterative development but visualizes workflows on boards to limit work in progress and optimize lead times.
Core java - baabtra
Core java - baabtrabaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an introduction to the Java programming language. It discusses installing the JDK and Eclipse development environment. It then covers JVM, JRE, and JDK concepts. The document demonstrates a simple "Hello World" Java program. It discusses Java naming conventions and basic data types. It also outlines common loops and control structures in Java. The remainder of the document provides examples of Java programs and discusses arrays, lists, modifiers, methods, OOP concepts by relating real-world objects to objects in software, and how to define classes and create objects in Java.
Acquiring new skills what you should know
Acquiring new skills what you should knowbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This PPT will help to understand how learning happens in brain. How you can adjust your skill acquisition in the right way so that maximum output is obtained.
Baabtra.com programming at school
Baabtra.com programming at schoolbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers Baabtra.com has a solution to provide programming for kids in school. This is based on the CBSE curriculum of India. The main subjects covered are Mathematics and Physics.
99LMS for Enterprises - LMS that you will love 
99LMS for Enterprises - LMS that you will love baabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers 99LMS is a mobile based comprehensive enterprise learning environment in which learning processes of a company can be managed and integrated. It ensures employees have the right skills by enabling course content management, providing classroom training and e-learning. Through the APIs, you can develop your resources before they join your company.
Php sessions & cookies
Php sessions & cookiesbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document provides an introduction to using PHP sessions and cookies to maintain state across multiple requests. It discusses how cookies store small amounts of data on the client browser, while sessions allow storing data on the server. The document then provides steps to create a login system using sessions: 1) Check login credentials and create a session variable on successful login, 2) Display user profile details on the profile page by fetching the session variable, 3) Include a logout link that destroys the session to end the user session. Key differences between cookies and sessions are also summarized - cookies are stored on the client while sessions are stored on the server.
Php database connectivity
Php database connectivitybaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an introduction and instructions for connecting a PHP application to a MySQL database. It discusses storing and retrieving data from the database. The key steps covered are:
1. Connecting to the MySQL server from PHP using mysql_connect().
2. Selecting the database to use with mysql_select_db().
3. Executing SQL queries to store/retrieve data with mysql_query().
4. Different mysql_fetch_* functions that can be used to retrieve rows of data from a database query.
An example task is provided where a registration form allows storing user data to a database table, and then retrieving and displaying the stored data in a table.
Chapter 6 database normalisation
Chapter 6 database normalisationbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document discusses database normalization and the three forms of normalization. It provides examples of tables that violate each normal form and explains how to modify the tables to conform to the normal forms. The first normal form requires each field to contain a single value and related data to be stored in separate tables or fields. The second normal form eliminates redundant data by creating separate tables for values that apply to multiple records. The third normal form ensures non-key fields are fully dependent on the primary key and removes transitive dependencies.
Chapter 5 transactions and dcl statements
Chapter 5 transactions and dcl statementsbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document discusses transactions in SQL Server. It introduces transactions and their relevance in ensuring data integrity when multiple tables need to be updated together. Transactions group a set of database operations so that if any operation fails, all operations are rolled back. The document demonstrates creating a transaction using START TRANSACTION, COMMIT TRANSACTION, and ROLLBACK TRANSACTION statements. It also shows handling transactions within try/catch blocks so that failures cause a rollback. Transactions ensure atomicity and integrity by committing all operations together as a single unit, or rolling them all back if any fail.
Chapter 4 functions, views, indexing
Chapter 4 functions, views, indexingbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document discusses user defined functions (UDF), views, and indexing in SQL Server. It provides an example of a UDF that returns a teacher's name based on their ID. Key differences between stored procedures and UDFs are that UDFs are compiled at runtime, can't perform DML operations, and must return a value. Views are described as customized representations of data from tables that don't take up storage space themselves. Indexing improves the speed of operations by organizing data to allow faster searches.
Chapter 3 stored procedures
Chapter 3 stored proceduresbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document discusses stored procedures in SQL Server. It begins by explaining that stored procedures allow encapsulation of repetitive tasks and are stored in the database data dictionary. It then shows how stored procedures reduce network traffic and client-server communication compared to individual SQL statements. The document provides examples of how to create a stored procedure using CREATE PROCEDURE and how to call it using EXEC. It notes advantages like precompiled execution, reduced traffic, code reuse, and security control. It also demonstrates using parameters, loops, conditions and variables inside stored procedures.
Chapter 2 grouping,scalar and aggergate functions,joins inner join,outer join
Chapter 2 grouping,scalar and aggergate functions,joins inner join,outer joinbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an introduction to SQL server functions, grouping, and joins. It discusses aggregate functions that return single values from columns like average, sum, min, and count. It also discusses scalar functions that return a single value for each row like upper, lower, and round. The document explains how to use the GROUP BY clause to group result sets and then run aggregate functions on the groups. It also covers the HAVING clause, which filters grouped data. Finally, it describes different types of joins like inner joins, left outer joins, and right outer joins.
Chapter 1 introduction to sql server
Chapter 1 introduction to sql serverbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an introduction to database management systems (DBMS) and SQL Server. It discusses what a database is and where databases are used. It then explains what a DBMS is and some examples of DBMS software. The document goes on to describe the relational database model including entities, attributes, relationships and keys. It also discusses the entity-relationship model. Finally, it covers SQL statements including DDL, DML, and DCL and provides examples of commands for creating tables, inserting and updating data, and setting privileges.
Chapter 1 introduction to sql server
Chapter 1 introduction to sql serverbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers This document provides an introduction to database management systems (DBMS) and SQL Server. It discusses what a database is and where databases are used. It then describes DBMS as software that allows users to define, create, query, update and administer databases. Common DBMS examples include Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQL Server. The document goes on to explain relational databases and the entity-relationship model. It also covers key concepts like tables, rows, columns, primary keys and foreign keys. Finally, it discusses the major SQL statements: DDL for defining database structure, DML for managing data, and DCL for controlling access privileges.
Microsoft holo lens
Microsoft holo lensbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers Microsoft HoloLens is the first holographic computer that does not require wires or connection to another device. It allows users to see holograms overlaid in the real world. HoloLens features see-through holographic lenses, sensors, and a processing unit that allows it to understand the environment and overlay holograms without wires in real-time. HoloLens uses augmented reality technology to supplement real-world environments with virtual elements and can enable entirely new ways of communication, creation and exploration through holograms.
Blue brain
Blue brainbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document outlines the Blue Brain project which aims to create a virtual model of the human brain through simulation. The objectives are to gain insights into human thinking and memory in order to cure diseases like Parkinson's. It discusses how the brain works and how artificial neural networks could be used to simulate it. Requirements for the Blue Brain include nanobots to monitor brain activity and interface it with a computer. Potential applications include developing supercomputers and understanding animal behavior, while risks involve dependency on technology and security issues.
5g
5gbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document provides information on the 5 generations of cellular network technology: 1G through 5G. 1G began in the 1980s and allowed analog voice calls. 2G launched in the late 1980s and added digital voice and SMS. 3G started in the late 1990s and enabled higher speed data up to 2Mbps. 4G launched in 2010 with speeds up to 100Mbps. 5G is the next major phase, expected to have speeds up to 1Gbps, be 10 times more capable than previous generations, and allow for complete wireless communication with almost no limitations.
Aptitude skills baabtra
Aptitude skills baabtrabaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers An aptitude test measures an individual's ability to apply skills and knowledge. It tests logical reasoning and thinking through multiple choice questions that are timed strictly. Different types of aptitude tests include verbal, numerical, abstract, and spatial abilities. To prepare, practice is important as well as focusing on weak areas. When taking the test, arrive on time, understand instructions, answer questions accurately and quickly while watching the time, and avoid spending too much time on any one question.
Gd baabtra
Gd baabtrabaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers The document provides guidance on improving group discussion and personal interview skills. It discusses what a group discussion entails, how candidates are evaluated in a group discussion, sample discussion topics, and tips for participating effectively. It also covers what to expect in a personal interview, how to prepare, questions that may be asked, and questions candidates can ask the interviewer. The document aims to help candidates understand both formats and perform at their best.
Baabtra soft skills
Baabtra soft skillsbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers Soft skills are important for both professional and personal success. Some key soft skills include communication skills, leadership skills, time management, adaptability, and integrity. Developing soft skills requires self-reflection, practicing skills like active listening, and getting feedback from others. Maintaining good personal grooming, telephone etiquette, and problem-solving abilities are also important. Regularly working to improve soft skills through reading, socializing, and incorporating them into one's resume can help enhance one's career.
Chapter 2 grouping,scalar and aggergate functions,joins inner join,outer join
Chapter 2 grouping,scalar and aggergate functions,joins inner join,outer joinbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers
Ad
Recently uploaded (20)
Marie Boran Special Collections Librarian Hardiman Library, University of Gal...
Marie Boran Special Collections Librarian Hardiman Library, University of Gal...Library Association of Ireland Phoenix – A Collaborative Renewal of Children’s and Young People’s Services Clare Doyle - Cork City Libraries
Unit 5: Dividend Decisions and its theories
Unit 5: Dividend Decisions and its theoriesbharath321164 decisions: meaning, factors influencing dividends, forms of dividends, dividend theories: relevance theory (Walter model, Gordon model), irrelevance theory (MM Hypothesis)
Fundamentals of PR: Wk 4 - Strategic Communications
Fundamentals of PR: Wk 4 - Strategic CommunicationsJordan Williams Fundamentals of PR: Wk 4 - Strategic Communications
LDMMIA Reiki Master Spring 2025 Mini Updates
LDMMIA Reiki Master Spring 2025 Mini UpdatesLDM Mia eStudios As of Mid to April Ending, I am building a new Reiki-Yoga Series. No worries, they are free workshops. So far, I have 3 presentations so its a gradual process. If interested visit: https://www.slideshare.net/YogaPrincess
https://ldmchapels.weebly.com
Blessings and Happy Spring. We are hitting Mid Season.
Phoenix – A Collaborative Renewal of Children’s and Young People’s Services C...
Phoenix – A Collaborative Renewal of Children’s and Young People’s Services C...Library Association of Ireland
GDGLSPGCOER - Git and GitHub Workshop.pptx
GDGLSPGCOER - Git and GitHub Workshop.pptxazeenhodekar This presentation covers the fundamentals of Git and version control in a practical, beginner-friendly way. Learn key commands, the Git data model, commit workflows, and how to collaborate effectively using Git — all explained with visuals, examples, and relatable humor.
Presentation on Tourism Product Development By Md Shaifullar Rabbi
Presentation on Tourism Product Development By Md Shaifullar RabbiMd Shaifullar Rabbi Presentation on Tourism Product Development By Md Shaifullar Rabbi, Assistant Manager- SABRE Bangladesh.
Open Access: Revamping Library Learning Resources.
Open Access: Revamping Library Learning Resources.Rishi Bankim Chandra Evening College, Naihati, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India Dr. Santosh Kumar Tunga discussed an overview of the availability and the use of Open Educational Resources (OER) and its related various issues for various stakeholders in higher educational Institutions. Dr. Tunga described the concept of open access initiatives, open learning resources, creative commons licensing attribution, and copyright. Dr. Tunga also explained the various types of OER, INFLIBNET & NMEICT initiatives in India and the role of academic librarians regarding the use of OER.
Timber Pitch Roof Construction Measurement-2024.pptx
Timber Pitch Roof Construction Measurement-2024.pptxTantish QS, UTM Measurement of Timber Pitch Roof
Presentation of the MIPLM subject matter expert Erdem Kaya
Presentation of the MIPLM subject matter expert Erdem KayaMIPLM Presentation of the MIPLM subject matter expert Erdem Kaya
To study the nervous system of insect.pptx
To study the nervous system of insect.pptxArshad Shaikh The *nervous system of insects* is a complex network of nerve cells (neurons) and supporting cells that process and transmit information. Here's an overview:
Structure
1. *Brain*: The insect brain is a complex structure that processes sensory information, controls behavior, and integrates information.
2. *Ventral nerve cord*: A chain of ganglia (nerve clusters) that runs along the insect's body, controlling movement and sensory processing.
3. *Peripheral nervous system*: Nerves that connect the central nervous system to sensory organs and muscles.
Functions
1. *Sensory processing*: Insects can detect and respond to various stimuli, such as light, sound, touch, taste, and smell.
2. *Motor control*: The nervous system controls movement, including walking, flying, and feeding.
3. *Behavioral responThe *nervous system of insects* is a complex network of nerve cells (neurons) and supporting cells that process and transmit information. Here's an overview:
Structure
1. *Brain*: The insect brain is a complex structure that processes sensory information, controls behavior, and integrates information.
2. *Ventral nerve cord*: A chain of ganglia (nerve clusters) that runs along the insect's body, controlling movement and sensory processing.
3. *Peripheral nervous system*: Nerves that connect the central nervous system to sensory organs and muscles.
Functions
1. *Sensory processing*: Insects can detect and respond to various stimuli, such as light, sound, touch, taste, and smell.
2. *Motor control*: The nervous system controls movement, including walking, flying, and feeding.
3. *Behavioral responses*: Insects can exhibit complex behaviors, such as mating, foraging, and social interactions.
Characteristics
1. *Decentralized*: Insect nervous systems have some autonomy in different body parts.
2. *Specialized*: Different parts of the nervous system are specialized for specific functions.
3. *Efficient*: Insect nervous systems are highly efficient, allowing for rapid processing and response to stimuli.
The insect nervous system is a remarkable example of evolutionary adaptation, enabling insects to thrive in diverse environments.
The insect nervous system is a remarkable example of evolutionary adaptation, enabling insects to thrive
Metamorphosis: Life's Transformative Journey
Metamorphosis: Life's Transformative JourneyArshad Shaikh *Metamorphosis* is a biological process where an animal undergoes a dramatic transformation from a juvenile or larval stage to a adult stage, often involving significant changes in form and structure. This process is commonly seen in insects, amphibians, and some other animals.
Niamh Lucey, Mary Dunne. Health Sciences Libraries Group (LAI). Lighting the ...
Niamh Lucey, Mary Dunne. Health Sciences Libraries Group (LAI). Lighting the ...Library Association of Ireland
How to manage Multiple Warehouses for multiple floors in odoo point of sale
How to manage Multiple Warehouses for multiple floors in odoo point of saleCeline George The need for multiple warehouses and effective inventory management is crucial for companies aiming to optimize their operations, enhance customer satisfaction, and maintain a competitive edge.
To study Digestive system of insect.pptx
To study Digestive system of insect.pptxArshad Shaikh Education is one thing no one can take away from you.”
Multi-currency in odoo accounting and Update exchange rates automatically in ...
Multi-currency in odoo accounting and Update exchange rates automatically in ...Celine George Most business transactions use the currencies of several countries for financial operations. For global transactions, multi-currency management is essential for enabling international trade.
Envenomation---Clinical Toxicology. pptx
Envenomation---Clinical Toxicology. pptxrekhapositivity Envenomation is the process by which venom is injected by the bite or sting of a venomous animal such as a snake, scorpion, spider, or insect. Arthropod bite is nothing but a sharp bite or sting by ants, fruit flies, bees, beetles, moths, or hornets. Though not a serious condition, arthropod bite can be extremely painful, with redness and mild to severe swelling around the site of the bite
Diabetic neuropathy peripheral autonomic
Diabetic neuropathy peripheral autonomicPankaj Patawari In this ppt I have tried to give basic idea about Diabetic peripheral and autonomic neuropathy ..from Levine textbook,IWGDF guideline etc
Hope it will b helpful for trainee and physician
Understanding P–N Junction Semiconductors: A Beginner’s Guide
Understanding P–N Junction Semiconductors: A Beginner’s GuideGS Virdi Dive into the fundamentals of P–N junctions, the heart of every diode and semiconductor device. In this concise presentation, Dr. G.S. Virdi (Former Chief Scientist, CSIR-CEERI Pilani) covers:
What Is a P–N Junction? Learn how P-type and N-type materials join to create a diode.
Depletion Region & Biasing: See how forward and reverse bias shape the voltage–current behavior.
V–I Characteristics: Understand the curve that defines diode operation.
Real-World Uses: Discover common applications in rectifiers, signal clipping, and more.
Ideal for electronics students, hobbyists, and engineers seeking a clear, practical introduction to P–N junction semiconductors.
Marie Boran Special Collections Librarian Hardiman Library, University of Gal...
Marie Boran Special Collections Librarian Hardiman Library, University of Gal...Library Association of Ireland
Phoenix – A Collaborative Renewal of Children’s and Young People’s Services C...
Phoenix – A Collaborative Renewal of Children’s and Young People’s Services C...Library Association of Ireland
Open Access: Revamping Library Learning Resources.
Open Access: Revamping Library Learning Resources.Rishi Bankim Chandra Evening College, Naihati, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India
Niamh Lucey, Mary Dunne. Health Sciences Libraries Group (LAI). Lighting the ...
Niamh Lucey, Mary Dunne. Health Sciences Libraries Group (LAI). Lighting the ...Library Association of Ireland
Best coding practices
- 1. WELCOME
- 3. Why • The rework time in coding is the actual killer • 20-25% of the time is spent in reworking in software – that means, fix the mistakes done It helps in • Greater consistency between developers • Easier to develop and maintain • Saves time and money
- 4. Areas Covered 1. Program Design 2. Naming Conventions 3. Documentation 4. Formatting Conventions
- 5. Program design Way of organizing the component structure, data structure, and control structure. • Use standard architectures – Eg: MVC • Type of data storage • Use of algorithms and flowchart
- 6. Naming conventions • Use full English descriptors • Use mixed case to make names readable – Camel casing and pascal casing – Or use underscore for separation • Avoid long names • Avoid leading/trailing underscores
- 7. Naming convention in Java Java follows camelcase syntax for naming Type Convention Class Should start with uppercase letter and be a noun e.g. String, Color, Button, System, Thread etc. Interface Should start with uppercase letter and be an adjective e.g. Runnable, Remote, ActionListener etc. Method Should start with lowercase letter and be a verb e.g. actionPerformed(), main(), print(), println() etc. Variable Should start with lowercase letter e.g. firstName, orderNumber etc. Package Should be in lowercase letter e.g. java, lang, sql, util etc. Constants Should be in uppercase letter. e.g. RED, YELLOW, MAX_PRIORITY etc.
- 8. Documentation (Comments) • Commenting is necessary for maintaining any program • Without commenting, the program is not complete • Do not assume that the other person who reads this program will understand it clearly • If commenting is not done at the beginning, it is forgotten.
- 9. Documentation (Comments) • Program - a physical file – you need to comment the following at the top. – at the top of the program - header comment – what the program achieves – who coded on what day • Classes – Comment at the beginning of the class about what the class does Ex: class Employee // this class is used to manage all information // about employees and retrieve specific data
- 10. Documentation (Comments) • Methods within classes – what this method/function/procedure does – what are the parameters and their purpose – what are the return values • Comment before every loop. • Comment before every file or database operation • Comment before every if condition
- 11. Formatting (Comments) • Indentation • White space • Opening and closing the braces/ block
- 12. THANK YOU