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BSCKII.TRƯƠNG LÊ ĐẠO
KHOA NGOẠI
BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU TP.HCM
2023
Cách tính thể tích thuốc tê cục bộ để tránh
nhiễm độc thuốc tê
• Một công thức đơn giản để tính toán lượng thuốc gây tê
tối đa có thể được sử dụng:
mL thuốc tê cục bộ = liều tối đa cho phép (mg / kg) x (trọng
lượng tính bằng kg / 10) x (1 / nồng độ thuốc gây tê cục
bộ).
• Liều tối đa cho phép của Lidocaine:
– Có adrenaline = 7mg/kg
– Không có adrenaline = 3mg/kg
• Liều tối đa cho phép của Bupivocaine: có hoặc không có
adrenaline = 2mg/kg
• Ví dụ, Lidocaine 2% có adrenaline, liều tối đa là 7mg/kg,
cho bệnh nhân 60 kg:
7 x 6 x 0.5 = 21 mL lidocaine 2% có adrenaline 2
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Avoiding Nerve Injury: “An Ounce of
Prevention Is Worth a Pound of
Cure”
• Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System (SMAS)
• The best way to manage nerve injury is to avoid it in
the first place. Operating in the appropriate surgical
plane is crucial when performing cutaneous surgery.
• Facial motor nerve branches course above the deep
fascia but below the fibromuscular sheath, known as
the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS).
The contiguity of this fibrous sheath helps to organize
and coordinate movement of the muscles of facial
expression.
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In neurology, Erb's point is a site at the upper trunk of the brachial plexus located 2–3
cm above the clavicle. It is named for Wilhelm Heinrich Erb. Taken together, there are
six types of nerves that meet at this point.
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The Process of Spontaneous Nerve Recovery
• Spontaneous regeneration and reinnervation of the nerve may
occur as early as several months or as late as several years
post injury.
• Trauma or ischemia to the facial nerve may result in paralysis
despite an intact nerve (a neuropraxia or axonotmesis).
• In these cases, it is customary to wait an adequate period of
time to allow for reinnervation before considering surgical
intervention.
• The spontaneous return of some degree of function may
support a continued conservative approach.
• Electromyography can assist in the evaluation of cases failing
to show clinical improvement after a given period of
observation.
• In certain cases, an observation period of 18 to 24 months may
be considered appropriate. However, after 1 to 2 years, the
possibility of reinnervating the existing facial musculature
becomes more difficult due to the atrophy and motor endplate
fibrosis that occurs.
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Horizontal repair on the forehead.
(A) A horizontally oriented oval wound with a planned linear repair. The repair is long in
order to compensate for the curvature of the forehead and to prevent the formation of
standing tissue cones medially and laterally.
(B) Immediate repair. Because the height of the wound is limited, pull on the brow is not
appreciated and relative eyebrow symmetry will be maintained
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Biến Chứng Sau Phẫu Thuật Da & Cách Xử Trí | BSCKII Trương Lê Đạo – BV Da Liễu TP.HCM

  • 1.
    Chăm sóc vếtthương và biến chứng sau phẫu thuật da BSCKII.TRƯƠNG LÊ ĐẠO KHOA NGOẠI BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU TP.HCM 2023
  • 2.
    Cách tính thểtích thuốc tê cục bộ để tránh nhiễm độc thuốc tê • Một công thức đơn giản để tính toán lượng thuốc gây tê tối đa có thể được sử dụng: mL thuốc tê cục bộ = liều tối đa cho phép (mg / kg) x (trọng lượng tính bằng kg / 10) x (1 / nồng độ thuốc gây tê cục bộ). • Liều tối đa cho phép của Lidocaine: – Có adrenaline = 7mg/kg – Không có adrenaline = 3mg/kg • Liều tối đa cho phép của Bupivocaine: có hoặc không có adrenaline = 2mg/kg • Ví dụ, Lidocaine 2% có adrenaline, liều tối đa là 7mg/kg, cho bệnh nhân 60 kg: 7 x 6 x 0.5 = 21 mL lidocaine 2% có adrenaline 2
  • 6.
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  • 51.
    51 Avoiding Nerve Injury:“An Ounce of Prevention Is Worth a Pound of Cure” • Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System (SMAS) • The best way to manage nerve injury is to avoid it in the first place. Operating in the appropriate surgical plane is crucial when performing cutaneous surgery. • Facial motor nerve branches course above the deep fascia but below the fibromuscular sheath, known as the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS). The contiguity of this fibrous sheath helps to organize and coordinate movement of the muscles of facial expression.
  • 52.
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  • 72.
    72 In neurology, Erb'spoint is a site at the upper trunk of the brachial plexus located 2–3 cm above the clavicle. It is named for Wilhelm Heinrich Erb. Taken together, there are six types of nerves that meet at this point.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 75.
  • 76.
    76 The Process ofSpontaneous Nerve Recovery • Spontaneous regeneration and reinnervation of the nerve may occur as early as several months or as late as several years post injury. • Trauma or ischemia to the facial nerve may result in paralysis despite an intact nerve (a neuropraxia or axonotmesis). • In these cases, it is customary to wait an adequate period of time to allow for reinnervation before considering surgical intervention. • The spontaneous return of some degree of function may support a continued conservative approach. • Electromyography can assist in the evaluation of cases failing to show clinical improvement after a given period of observation. • In certain cases, an observation period of 18 to 24 months may be considered appropriate. However, after 1 to 2 years, the possibility of reinnervating the existing facial musculature becomes more difficult due to the atrophy and motor endplate fibrosis that occurs.
  • 78.
  • 80.
  • 81.
    81 Horizontal repair onthe forehead. (A) A horizontally oriented oval wound with a planned linear repair. The repair is long in order to compensate for the curvature of the forehead and to prevent the formation of standing tissue cones medially and laterally. (B) Immediate repair. Because the height of the wound is limited, pull on the brow is not appreciated and relative eyebrow symmetry will be maintained
  • 83.
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