blockchain-161025100639.pptx

“Imagination is more important than
knowledge. For knowledge is limited to
all we now know and understand, while
imagination embraces the entire
world.”–ALBERT EINSTEIN
The New Revolution?

⦁ What is Blockchain?
⦁ How It is Started
⦁ How Blockchain Works
⦁ How to Mine?
⦁ Private vs Public Blockchains
⦁ Cryptocurrencies
⦁ Blockchain Use Cases
⦁ Blockchain & Banking
⦁ Getting on the Blockchain Bandwagon
⦁ Q&A

⦁ Understanding blockchains is tricky. You
need to understand their message before you
can appreciate their potential. In addition to
their technological capabilities, blockchains
carry with them philosophical, cultural, and
ideological underpinnings that must also be
understood.
⦁ In the same way that billions of people
around the world are currently connected to
the Web, millions, and then billions of people,
will be connected to blockchains. We should
not be surprised if the velocity of blockchain
usage propagation surpasses the historical
Web users growth.

⦁ Technically, the blockchain is a back-end
database that maintains a distributed ledger that
can be inspected openly.
⦁ Business-wise, the blockchain is an exchange
network for moving transactions, value, assets
between peers, without the assistance of
intermediaries.
⦁ Legally speaking, the blockchain validates
transactions, replacing previously «trusted
entities».

⦁ Blockchain Bitcoin
⦁ Blockchain is the technology behind Bitcoin.
⦁ Bitcoin is the digital token, and blockchain is the
ledger that keeps track of who owns the digital
tokens.
⦁ You can’t have Bitcoin without blockchain, but
you can have blockchain without Bitcoin.
⦁ It is a revolution bigger than internet!?
⦁ Blockchain’s affect is compared to WWW
⦁ It may ruin banks!?
⦁ A blockchain has technical, business and legal
definitions.

⦁ Blockchains could not be without the Internet.
⦁ The blockchain is a meta technology because
it affects other technologies, and it is made
up of several technologies itself
⦁ it is comprised of several pieces: a database,
a software application, a number of
computers connected to each other, clients to
access it, a software environment to develop
on it, tools to monitor it, and other pieces.
⦁ No banks!, no government!, no intermediaries
of any kind!. As you shall see, blockchain is a
potentially revolutionary technology that
promises to dramatically change the world as
we know it.

A blockchain is a ledger of facts, replicated
across several computers assembled in a
peer-to-peer network. Facts can be anything
from monetary transactions to content
signature. Members of the network are
anonymous individuals called nodes. All
communication inside the network takes
advantage of cryptography to securely
identify the sender and the receiver. When a
node wants to add a fact to the ledger, a
consensus forms in the network to determine
where this fact should appear in the ledger;
this consensus is called a block.

People use the term ‘blockchain technology’ to
mean different things, and it can be
confusing. Sometimes they are talking about
The Bitcoin Blockchain, sometimes it’s The
Ethereum Blockchain, sometimes it’s other
virtual currencies or digital tokens, sometimes
it’s smart contracts. Most of the time though,
they are talking about distributed ledgers, i.e. a
list of transactions that is replicated across a
number of computers, rather than being stored
on a central server.

⦁ A blockchain, at its simplest level, is just a corruption-
resistant string of ledger entries shared over a network by
multiple parties. Without defining it further, it can be
difficult to imagine how useful one is; What exactly could
it do now that we couldn’t do with database technology
like SQL before? Not much, really, and it would also be
much slower than a SQL database. All of the advantages
derived from basic blockchain technology can be boiled
down to only two benefits; corruption resistance and
redundancy.
⦁ All blockchains have this basic list of pros and cons, but
depending on how they are implemented, the benefits
could easily be minimized. For instance, if you deploy too
few nodes then your network won’t be very redundant
afterall. The list of advantages and drawbacks grows from
there when choosing to deploy either a public or private
blockchain.

Separately, these fields
have existed for a long
time, but for the first time,
they have together
intersected harmoniously
and morphed inside
blockchain technology.

⦁ Game theory is ‘the study of mathematical
models of conflict and cooperation between
intelligent rational decision-makers.” And this
is related to the blockchain because the
Bitcoin blockchain, originally conceived by
Satoshi Nakamoto, had to solve a known
game theory conundrum called the Byzantine
Generals Problem.

• Several divisions of the Byzantine army are camped
outside an enemy city, each division commanded by its
own general. The generals can communicate with one
another only by messenger. They must decide upon a
common plan of action. However, some of the generals
may be traitors, trying to prevent the loyal generals
from reaching agreement. The generals must have an
algorithm to guarantee that.
• A. All loyal generals decide upon the same plan of
action.
• The loyal generals will all do what the algorithm says
they should, but the traitors may do anything they wish.
The algorithm must guarantee condition A regardless of
what the traitors do. The loyal generals need to reach
agreement and agree on a reasonable plan that also
insures that.
• B. A small number of traitors cannot cause the loyal
generals to adopt a bad plan.

Cryptography science is
used in multiple places to
provide security for a
blockchain network, and it
rests on three basic
concepts: hashing, keys, and
digital signatures.

Although the concepts of
cryptography have been around for
a while, software engineers are
feasting on combining it with game
theory innovation, to produce the
overall constructs of blockchains,
where seeming uncertainty is
mitigated with overwhelming
mathematical certainty.

1. Cryptocurrency
2. Computing Infrastructure
3. Transaction Platform
4. Decentralized Database
5. Distributed Accounting Ledger
6. Development Platform
7. Open Source Software
8. Financial Services Marketplace
9.Peer-to-Peer Network
10.Trust Services Layer

⦁ There are many analogies between the Web’s early
years and today’s blockchain’s evolution, in terms of
how the technology will be adopted.
⦁ Let us not forget that it took about three years for
most companies to fully understand the Web’s
potential (1994–1997 roughly), after its initial
commercialization, and it took seven years after the
Internet’s 1983 launch for the Web to come into
play. There is no doubt the blockchain will remain a
semi-mysterious, semi-complex phenomena for
the period 2015–2018, just as it took Bitcoin three
quiet years (2009–2012) before it became more
visibly known to the general public.

I know, all these definitions
mean nothing at this
moment, but don’t worry, as
we go into more detail, you
shall feel more comfortable
with it. It is not an easy
topic, nor it is mature
enough.

⦁ White paper published November
2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto
⦁ «Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic
Cash System»
⦁ Working implementation published 3
months later as an open source
project.

⦁ Peer-to-peer electronic transactions
and interactions
⦁ Without financial institutions
⦁ Cryptographic proof instead of
central trust
⦁ Put trust in the network instead of in
a central institution

⦁ Nodes
⦁ Miners
⦁ Ledger (Block/Blockchain)
⦁ Proof of work
⦁ Network consensus
⦁ Difficulty Level
⦁ Double Spending Problem

Miner
Block
Blockchain
(ledger)
Node
Node
Difficulty
Level
Proof of
Work

⦁ Bitcoin mining is a lot like a giant
lottery where you compete with your
mining hardware with everyone on
the network to earn bitcoins.
⦁ In the big picture, Bitcoin mining secures
transactions that are recorded in Bitcon's
public ledger, the block chain.
⦁ By conducting a random lottery where
electricity and specialized equipment are
the price of admission, the cost to disrupt
the Bitcoin network scales with the
amount of hashing power that is being
spent by all mining participants.

🞂 Here's what's happening: a total of 50 BTC is being sent from address 12cbQLTFMXRnSzktFkuoG3eHoMeFtpTu3S. Ten of those BTC are
sent to the address 1Q2TWHE3GMdB6BZKafqwxXtWAWgFt5Jvm3, and the remaining forty are being sent back to
12cbQLTFMXRnSzktFkuoG3eHoMeFtpTu3S.
⦁ {
⦁ "hash":"f4184fc596403b9d638783cf57adfe4c75c605f6356fbc91338530e9831e9e16",
⦁ "ver":1,
⦁ "vin_sz":1,
⦁ "vout_sz":2,
⦁ "lock_time":0,
⦁ "size":275,
⦁ "in":[
⦁ {
⦁ "prev_out":{
⦁ "hash":"0437cd7f8525ceed2324359c2d0ba26006d92d856a9c20fa0241106ee5a597c9",
⦁ "n":0
⦁ },
⦁ "scriptSig":"304402204e45e16932b8af514961a1d3a1a25fdf3f4f7732e9d624c6c61548ab5fb8cd4102201815
22ec8eca07de4860a4acdd12909d831cc56cbbac4622082221a8768d1d0901"
⦁ }
⦁ ],
⦁ "out":[
⦁ {
⦁ "value":"10.00000000",
⦁ "scriptPubKey":"04ae1a62fe09c5f51b13905f07f06b99a2f7159b2225f374cd378d71302fa28414e7aab37397f
554a7df5f142c21c1b7303b8a0626f1baded5c72a704f7e6cd84c OP_CHECKSIG"
⦁ },
⦁ {
⦁ "value":"40.00000000",
⦁ "scriptPubKey":"0411db93e1dcdb8a016b49840f8c53bc1eb68a382e97b1482ecad7b148a6909a5cb2e0eaddfb
84ccf9744464f82e160bfa9b8b64f9d4c03f999b8643f656b412a3 OP_CHECKSIG"
⦁ }
⦁ ]
⦁ }

⦁ Asking 'what programming languages are used to build
bitcoin' is like asking 'what programming languages are
used to build TCP/IP'. Bitcoin, like TCP/IP, is a protocol
it is defined in a programming language neutral way,
and can be implemented in any programming language.
That said, you're most likely to find implementations in
C + + and Java, but there's no reason why you couldn't
write Bitcoin software in Python or anything you want.
⦁ The reference implementation, Bitcoin Core, is
written primarily in C++, with various resource files and
scripts in other languages.
⦁ Another implementation, mainly used in lightweight
clients like MultiBit and Bitcoin Wallet (Android), is
bitcoinj. It is written in Java.
⦁ Solidity is a high level language for public Ethereum blockchain and
all the Ethereum based applications are written in this language.

Bitcoin Mining Hardware Comparison
Currently, based on (1) price per hash and (2) electrical efficiency the best Bitcoin miner options
are:
Bitcoin Mining Hardware
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
In the beginning, mining with a CPU was the only way to mine bitcoins.
Now, you might mine for decades using your laptop without earning a single coin.
GPU (Graphical Processing Unit)
About a year and a half after the network started, it was discovered that high end graphics
cards were much more efficient at bitcoin mining and the landscape changed. While any
modern GPU can be used to mine, the AMD line of GPU architecture turned out to be far
superior to the nVidia architecture for mining bitcoins
FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)
While the FPGAs didn't enjoy a 50x - 100x increase in mining speed as was seen with the
transition from CPUs to GPUs, they provided a benefit through power efficiency and ease of
use. A typical 600 MH/s graphics card consumed upwards of 400w of power, whereas a typical
FPGA mining device would provide a hashrate of 826 MH/s at 80w of power. That 5x
improvement allowed the first large bitcoin mining farms to be constructed at an operational
profit. The bitcoin mining industry was born.
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit)
The bitcoin mining world is now solidly in the Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) era.
An ASIC is a chip designed specifically to do one thing and one thing only. Unlike FPGAs, an
ASIC cannot be repurposed to perform other tasks. An ASIC designed to mine bitcoins can only
mine bitcoins and will only ever mine bitcoins. The inflexibility of an ASIC is offset by the fact
that it offers a 100x increase in hashing power while reducing power consumption compared
to all the previous technologies.

Bitcoin Wallet Software
Breadwallet - easy to use mobile Bitcoin wallet
Copay - easy to use mobile Bitcoin wallet
Armory - highly secure desktop Bitcoin wallet
Bitcoin mining software
MinePeon: Open source and may need WinDisk32Imager.
EasyMiner: A GUI based miner for Windows, Linux and Android. EasyMiner
acts as a convenient wrapper for the built in CG; BFGminer softwares. It
auto configures your Bitcoin miners and provides performance graphs to
for easy visualization of your Bitcoin mining activity.
BFGMiner: A modular ASIC, FPGA, GPU and CPU miner written in C, cross
platform for Linux, Mac, and Windows including support for OpenWrt-
capable routers.
CGMiner: This is a multi-threaded multi-pool GPU, FPGA and ASIC miner
with ATI GPU monitoring, (over)clocking and fanspeed support for bitcoin
and derivative coins.

⦁ Combines the work of many miners towards a
common goal.

⦁ Most bitcoin users don't mine!
⦁ Bitcoin mining for profit is very competitive and
volatility in the Bitcoin price makes it difficult to
realize monetary gains without also speculating on the
price.
⦁ Mining makes sense if you plan to do it for fun, to
learn or to support the security of Bitcoin and do not
care if you make a profit.
⦁ If you have access to large amounts of cheap
electricity and the ability to manage a large
installation and business, you can mine for a profit.
⦁ If you want to get bitcoins based on a fixed amount of
mining power, but you don't want to run the actual
hardware yourself, you can purchase a mining contract
(mining pools).

99Bitcoins’ simple Bitcoin Mining Calculator

⦁ If we are to equate blockchains to other transactions processing
networks, what comes to mind is their processing throughput, which
is measured in transactions per second (TPS). As a reference, in
2015, VISA handled an average of 2,000 TPS on their VisaNet, with a
peak rate of 4,000 TPS, and a peak capacity of 56,000 TPS. During
2015, PayPal processed a total 4.9 billion payments,7 equivalent to
155 TPS. As of 2016, the Bitcoin blockchain was far from these
numbers, hovering at 5–7 TPS, but with prospects of largely
exceeding it due to advances in sidechain technology and expected
increases in the Bitcoin block size. Some other blockchains are faster
than Bitcoin’s. For example, Ethereum started with 10 TPS in 2015,
edging towards 50–100 TPS in 2017, and targeting 50,000–100,000
TPS by 2019.
⦁ Private blockchains are even faster because they have less security
requirements, and we are seeing 1,000–10,000 TPS in 2016, going
up to 2,000–15,000 TPS in 2017, and potentially an unlimited
ceiling beyond 2019. Finally, linking blockchain’s output to
clustered database technology might push these transactional
throughput limits even higher, leading to a positive development.

currency and payments (Blockchain 1.0)
contracts, property, and all financial
markets transactions (Blockchain 2.0)
government, health, science, literacy,
publishing, economic development, art,
and culture (Blockchain 3.0)

⦁ A public blockchain is open and interoperable, like the internet, and a private
blockchain is closed and limits the people who are granted access, like an
intranet.
⦁ However, if you want to transfer digital assets between a closed group of
people, want to maintain privacy of transactions between a closed group of
people, or have a high volume of transactions per second, then a private
blockchain is needed.
⦁ However, the greatest advancements in blockchain technology are all based
on the advantages derived from the public, ‘open’ type of blockchain, while
most people in the professional finance world are looking for advancements
in the private, ‘permissioned’ type of blockchain.
⦁ So-called Bitcoin Maximalists support the use Bitcoin’s completely public
blockchain, where anyone with a computer can join. Banks, on the other
hand, are mainly interested in private, or closed, blockchains where
participation is limited to known, trusted parties.
⦁ For banks, the debate about public or private blockchain “is academic” in a
world where regulators and auditors require information about parties in a
financial system, said Mr. Cooper of R3. A completely open, public
blockchain like Bitcoin’s means that sometimes participants are anonymous,
he said. “There is not a regulator on the planet that is comfortable right now
with unknown parties responsible for validating financial transactions,” he
said.

⦁ The consortium or company running a private
blockchain can easily, if desired, change the rules of a
blockchain, revert transactions, modify balances, etc.
⦁ The validators are known, so any risk of a 51% attack
arising from some miner collusion in China does not
apply.
⦁ Transactions are cheaper, since they only need to be
verified by a few nodes that can be trusted to have very
high processing power, and do not need to be verified
by ten thousand laptops.
⦁ Nodes can be trusted to be very well-connected, and
faults can quickly be fixed by manual intervention,
allowing the use of consensus algorithms which offer
finality after much shorter block times.
⦁ If read permissions are restricted, private blockchains
can provide a greater level of, well, privacy.

⦁ Public blockchains provide a way to protect the
users of an application from the developers,
establishing that there are certain things that
even the developers of an application have no
authority to do.
⦁ Public blockchains are open, and therefore are
likely to be used by very many entities and gain
some network effects.

⦁ The solution that is optimal for a
particular industry depends very
heavily on what your exact
industry is. In some cases, public
is clearly better; in others, some
degree of private control is simply
necessary. As is often the case in
the real world, it depends.

⦁ One of the most radical ideas for
blockchain technology is the notion of
digitising law.
⦁ The industry jargon is “smart
contracts” — code on a shared
database that automatically executes
a contract based on the fulfilment of
certain real-world conditions, just as a
vending machine obeys rules to
provide sweets when money is
inserted.

Runs on Corda Platform, R3’s distributed ledger.
Uses CLARK language.

BASIN AÇIKLAMASI
Son dönemde bazı basın yayın kuruluşlarında ve internette “Bitcoin” hakkında çeşitli haberlerin
çıktığı görülmektedir. Bilindiği üzere, 6493 sayılı “Ödeme ve Menkul Kıymet Mutabakat Sistemleri,
Ödeme Hizmetleri ve Elektronik Para Kuruluşları Hakkında Kanun” (Kanun) 27.06.2013 tarih ve
28690 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girmiştir. Kanunun Geçici 1 inci maddesine
göre bu Kanunda öngörülen yönetmelikler Kanunun yayımı tarihinden itibaren bir yıl içinde
hazırlanarak yürürlüğe konulacaktır. Kanunun Geçici 2 nci maddesine göre ise Kanunun yürürlüğe
girdiği tarih itibari ile ödeme hizmetleri sunan ya da elektronik para ihraç eden ve bu Kanun
kapsamında ihdas edilen ödeme veya elektronik para kuruluşu kategorisine dahil edilebilecek olan
kuruluşlar Kurumumuzca çıkarılacak ilgili yönetmeliklerin yayımı tarihinden başlayarak bir yıl
içinde Kurumumuza başvurarak gerekli izinleri almak ve uygulamalarını bu düzenlemelerde yer
alan hükümlere uygun hale getirmek zorundadır. Herhangi bir resmi ya da özel kuruluş tarafından
ihraç edilmeyen ve karşılığı için güvence verilmeyen bir sanal para birimi olarak bilinen Bitcoin,
mevcut yapısı ve işleyişi itibarıyla Kanun kapsamında elektronik para olarak değerlendirilmemekte,
bu nedenle de söz konusu Kanun çerçevesinde gözetim ve denetimi mümkün görülmemektedir.
Diğer taraftan, Bitcoin ve benzeri sanal paralar ile gerçekleştirilen işlemlerde tarafların
kimliklerinin bilinmemesi, söz konusu sanal paraların yasadışı faaliyetlerde kullanılması için uygun
bir ortam yaratmaktadır. Ayrıca Bitcoin, piyasa değerinin aşırı oynak olabilmesi, dijital cüzdanların
çalınabilmesi, kaybolabilmesi veya sahiplerinin bilgileri dışında usulsüz olarak kullanılabilmesi gibi
risklerin yanı sıra yapılan işlemlerin geri döndürülemez olmasından dolayı operasyonel hatalardan
ya da kötü niyetli satıcıların suistimalinden kaynaklı risklere de açıktır. Herhangi bir mağduriyet
yaşanmaması adına, yukarıda belirtilen hususların duyurulmasında ve bu çerçevede Bitcoin ve
benzeri sanal paraların barındırdığı muhtemel risklerin kamuoyuna hatırlatılmasında fayda
mülahaza edilmektedir. Kamuoyuna saygıyla duyurulur.

⦁ One valuable blockchain outcome we exposed is
the emergent crypto economy, the sum of the
economic realizations resulting from applying the
blockchain's potential. This crypto economy is a
trust economy that is decentralized at birth, both
politically and architecturally; and it lends equal
access and lower barriers of entry to all.
⦁ As we prepare to get on board the crypto
economy, undoubtedly it looks fuzzy,
foggy, buggy, risky, uncertain, and
unproven. Then suddenly, it will blossom
and grow with more benefits than
disadvantages. this might be true!

⦁ The bitcoin protocol initially stipulated that the
block reward was 50 bitcoin per block. However,
every 4 years the block reward is halved.
Currently the reward is sitting at 12.5 bitcoin per
block. The next halving is around mid 2020. This
4 year halving continues forever. The total supply
of bitcoin is initially quite inflationary but over
time will eventually settle down to 21 million and
no more. This protracted period will only
conclude in around 2140. Satoshi Nakamoto, the
creator of bitcoin, stipulated that the choice for
this halving was to mimic the natural supply of
gold since he/she/they wanted bitcoin to
resemble a type of digital gold.

Crypto-Currency Market Capitalizations

⦁ Your Bitcoin address is typically an identifier of 26 to
34 alphanumeric characters — for
example,1JDQ5KSqUTBo5M3GUPx8vm9134eJRosLoH,
represented like this string of characters or as a QR
code.
⦁ Your Bitcoin address is like your email address;
people with your email address can send you email;
people with your public-key wallet address can send
you Bitcoins.
⦁ When the wallet is initialized or set up for the first
time, an address, public key, and private key are
automatically generated. Bitcoin is based on public-
key encryption, meaning that you can give out the
public key freely but must keep the private key to
yourself.

https://bitcoin.org/en/choose-your-wallet

⦁ https://blockchain.info/charts

• Nelson Mandela, Wikileaks, photos, and Python
software
• Secret message in the first Bitcoin block
'The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of
second bailout for banks'
• Bitcoin logo
• Prayers from miners
• A tribute to cryptographer Len Sassaman was put in
the Bitcoin blockchain a couple weeks after his death
by Dan Kaminsky.
• Valentine's day messages
The possibility of someone being able to permanently,
publicly store data is going to make the future a very
interesting place.

«Big company hears that blockchains are the
next big thing. Big company finds some
people internally who are interested in the
subject. Big company gives them a budget
and tells them to go do something
blockchainy. Soon enough they come
knocking on our door, waving dollar bills,
asking us to help them think up a use case.
Say what now?»
Avoiding the pointless blockchain project

1. The database
⦁ If your requirements are fulfilled by today’s relational
databases, you’d be insane to use a blockchain.
⦁ Blockchains are a technology for shared databases.
2. Multiple writers
⦁ Blockchains are a technology for databases with
multiple writers. In other words, there needs to be
more than one entity which is generating the
transactions that modify the database. Do you know
who these writers are? In most cases the writers will
also run “nodes” which hold a copy of the database
and relay transactions to other nodes in a peer-to-
peer fashion.

3. Absence of trust
⦁ If multiple entities are writing to the
database, there also needs to be some degree
ofmistrust between those entities. In other
words, blockchains are a technology
for databases with multiple non-trusting
writers.

4. Disintermediation
The problem is enabling a database with multiple non-
trusting writers. And there’s already a well-known
solution to this problem: the trusted intermediary.
But the question you need to ask is: Do you want or
need this disintermediation? Given your use case, is
there anything wrong with having a central party who
maintains an authoritative database and acts as the
transaction gatekeeper? Good reasons to prefer a
blockchain-based database over a trusted intermediary
might include lower costs, faster transactions,
automatic reconciliation, new regulation or a simple
inability to find a suitable intermediary.

5. Transaction interaction
In the fullest sense, this means that
transactions created by different writers often
depend on one other. For example, let’s say
Alice sends some funds to Bob and then Bob
sends some on to Charlie. In this case, Bob’s
transaction is dependent on Alice’s one, and
there’s no way to verify Bob’s transaction
without checking Alice’s first. Because of this
dependency, the transactions naturally belong
together in a single shared database.

Conclusion
⦁ If your project does not fulfill every single one of
these conditions, you should not be using a
blockchain. In the absence of any of the first five, you
should consider one of: (a) regular file storage, (b) a
centralized database, (c) master–slave database
replication, or (d) multiple databases to which users
can subscribe.
⦁ And if you do fulfill the first five, there’s still work to
do. You need to be able to express the rules of your
application in terms of the transactions which a
database allows. You need to be confident about who
you can trust as validators and how you’ll define
distributed consensus. And finally, if you’re looking
at creating a shared ledger, you need to know who
will be backing the assets which that ledger
represents.

Bitcoin ATM
Türkiye’nin İlk (dünyanın ikinci) Bitcoin ATM’si İstanbul
Atatürk Havalimanı’nda Kullanıma Açıldı 02 Aralık 2013
Atatürk Havalimanı dış hatlar terminalinde bulunuyordu
bitcoin atm'si fakat kaldırıldığı söyleniyordu.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVUFwGqsqiA

⦁ Voting system
⦁ Proof of existence
⦁ Smart Contracts
⦁ Decentralized DNS (Namecoin). DNS is a
ledger bookkeeping domain names.
⦁ Trustless public key encryption (i. e. https
without these untrustworthy Certificate
Authorities)
⦁ Ownership records. The ledger bookkeeps
the objects and their owners.
⦁ Contracts and escrows (kefil kullanma). The
ledger bookkeeps the participants and the
wording of the contracts.

blockchain use cases and initiatives taken by financial services industry

⦁ Now much of the conversation has moved on from bitcoin and cash, to
blockchain and what shared database technology might mean for the
financial system. The hype and investment have moved to blockchain
start-ups that promise to decrease settlement times and cut back-office
bank costs.
⦁ Unlike bitcoin, which has been running since 2009, uses of blockchain
in banking remain largely experimental. One vision is for a single
database maintained and accessed by the biggest banks to execute and
settle trades.
⦁ Simon Taylor, who leads the team looking at blockchain and distributed
ledger at Barclays, says there are industry discussions about how each
bank would maintain its own privacy in a shared database. There are
also questions about how much access regulators should have, he adds.
⦁ “If a shared ledger has the golden source record of everything that’s
happening, under what circumstances can the regulator see it? What’s
the appropriate regulatory input into that system? And are they ready for
that level of automation? Are they ready for a software-driven
regulation?” he says.

⦁ Blockchains has potential to change the
world. Startups (Blockchains Startups), Big
banks and some governments are
implementing blockchains as distributed
ledgers to revolutionize the way
information is stored and transactions is
conducted. Their goals are laudable—
speed, lower cost, security, fewer errors,
and the elimination of central points of
attack and failure. These models don’t
necessarily involve a cryptocurrency for
payments.

⦁ Cross border banking/trade activity,
⦁ payments,
⦁ settlement and clearing,
In the shorter term, clearing and settlement is proving to be the most
active use case area for blockchain in banking, mainly because it gives
a short-term win with real cost savings. Clearing and settlement costs
billions and, according to Santander’s 2015 report LINK, it is estimated
that moving this into a digital record, near real-time and over the
internet, will save the industry $20 billion a year in more in overhead
costs
⦁ fixed income markets,
⦁ funds transfer (like to compete with SWIFT), and account information
across divisions of the bank like HSBC NY being able to
communicate and easily transmit client information to HSBC
Singapore (which is something that is more difficult to do than
people realize today).
Many of these on this list are why nearly every multinational bank
today is looking at or already has a blockchain project in motion.

⦁ Cross border banking/trade activity, payments, securities
⦁ settlement and clearing,
In the shorter term, clearing and settlement is proving to be the
most active use case area for blockchain in banking, mainly
because it gives a short-term win with real cost savings. Clearing
and settlement costs billions and, according to Santander’s 2015
report LINK, it is estimated that moving this into a digital record,
near real-time and over the internet, will save the industry $20
billion a year in more in overhead costs
⦁ fixed income markets, funds transfer (like to compete with
SWIFT), and account information across divisions of the bank like
HSBC NY being able to communicate and easily transmit client
information to HSBC Singapore (which is something that is more
difficult to do than people realize today).
Many of these on this list are why nearly every multinational
bank today is looking at or already has a blockchain project in
motion.

⦁ R3 is a financial innovation firm that leads a
consortium partnership with over 50 of the
world's leading financial institutions. »We
work together to design and deliver advanced
distributed ledger technologies to the global
financial markets.»
⦁ Distributed ledger technology has the
potential to change financial
services as profoundly as the Internet
changed media and entertainment.

⦁ 1. Bank of America
⦁ 2. NASDAQ
⦁ 3. Citi
⦁ 4. Visa
⦁ 5. Royal Bank of Canada
⦁ 6. R3CEV

⦁ Rethinking intermediaries
⦁ Bundling services
⦁ Unbundling services
⦁ New flows of value
⦁ Decentralized governance
⦁ New legal frameworks
⦁ Running smart contracts on the blockchain
⦁ Sharing a distributed ledger
⦁ Creating/Issuing digital assets
⦁ Embedding trust rules inside transactions and
interactions
⦁ Time-stamping

⦁ Implementing digital signatures
⦁ Notarizing data/documents to produce proof
⦁ Creating records of a business process, event, or
activity
⦁ Verifying authenticity of
data/ownership/documents/assets
⦁ Confirming authenticity of transactions
⦁ Ensuring that contractual conditions are
undeniably met
⦁ Reconciling accounts
⦁ Finalizing financial settlements
⦁ Embedding digital identity in applications
⦁ Providing escrow or custodial services
⦁ Enabling smart things to transact securely

⦁ Some companies are funding a “Blockchain
Labs” These labs typically have an internal focus to “show
and sell,” or educate the blockchain’s possibilities to other
business units and departments within the organization.
⦁ Some other organizations have formed an
internal blockchain task force comprised of the
various business unit stakeholders, who meet and
communicate on a regular basis.
⦁ Another approach is to discover ideas
within the various groups via a common
process, but to develop the proofs of concepts for them in
the labs, then proceed to implementing the best candidates
with the business units.

⦁ What is certain is that the pace of activity
around distributed ledger will continue onto
2016. We will see more established Financial
Institutions and vendors announcing initiatives and
will probably see a small number of early trial
services in areas such as remittance and securities
trading. While I’m sure we will get a greater
understanding on the technical promise of the
blockchain over the next 12 months I’m not
convinced we will get clarity on one of the major
outstanding questions, regulatory policy.
⦁ A Very Big Development for Bitcoin is to add on the
top of this as Japan governmental financial
organisations consider to Make it a Legal Currency.
Will this make Bitcoin explode as one of the global
biggest economies and currencies and take Bitcoin to
a new legal, official credibility definition?

http://www.multichain.com/getting-started/
CREATE YOUR OWN CRYPTO-CURRENCY WITH ETHEREUM

is It a Bigger Revolution Than the Internet Itself?
To me it shall be a big revolution (if it can evolve into a
better direction), but not as big as internet itself though.
Shall It Ruin Banks!?
Though at the moment it is a very difficult question to
answer whether it can ruin banks,
yes, it is possible, if the banks continue to operate as it is
today, but it seems they shall dive into this bandwagon
and don’t let a new technology ruin them. But one thing is
for sure, the life shall never be the same for the financial
institutions, they need to adabt.
I think there is time for the blockchain’s biggest promise to
get rid of the intermediaries, since no goverment on earth
would accept to give up any of it’s controlling power.

The blockchain will redefine the role of existing
intermediaries (if they accept to change), while
creating new intermediaries, therefore it will
disrupt the traditional boundaries of value.

With the blockchain, one could adopt a
conservative approach and wait until the
technology matures, then get involved when all
uncertainties are removed. As the saying goes,
the early bird would get the worm, but the
second mouse gets the cheese. Some
companies will undoubtedly follow that route,
while others will be more attracted to being
pioneers and innovators who are willing to
trade risks for greater or earlier rewards.

⦁ There seems to be a great potential in Blockchain
that it can make a big change in life.
⦁ Since it is not well known, nor a mature thing yet,
everyone is trying to see what can be done with
it.
⦁ So, I think keeping the eyes on it and creating
experimental projects to better grasp and see the
opportunities it can create is the best thing to do
at this point.
⦁ Lets create an experimental project using
blockchain technology.

So, you still
have
questions
huh? 

Generally bitcoin nodes will connect
to at least 8 other (random) nodes.
This is enough You pick
geographically separate nodes to
get a true sense of the network's
state. Nodes are responsible for
relaying information about new
transactions and blocks to their
peers.

Please see the «Links &
Videos Section» in
«the Blockchain Document»
What is blockchain? (2 mins video)

blockchain-161025100639.pptx

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