Bridging the gap between business and technology - Behaviour Driven Development with Drupal - Dublin, Ireland, May 2015

Behaviour Driven Development
with Drupal
Bridging the gap between business and technology
Marcin Pajdzik
Twitter: @Marcin_Pajdzik
Dublin, May 2015

How BDD works?
Write scenarios that describe behaviours
Execute the scenarios against your application.
▼

How BDD works?
Write each step of your scenario
in plain English.
Write each step definition in PHP.
▼

NHS - National Health Service
Project started in 2002.
Project terminated in 2010
Cost: €14 400 000 000
(billion)

€14.4bn would pay a salary of:
60000 nurses for 10 years in the UK
240000 nurses for 10 years in Poland.

Result: IT system was not FIT for the NHS

Why projects fail?
3. Unrealistic deadlines.
2. Insufficient resource planning.
1. Poor communication.
Source: Computing Technology Industry Association, 2007

Source: Project Management Institute, 2013

What is software development all about?
Delivering BUSINESS VALUE
How do we find out WHAT REALLY MATTERS to
the business?
Through effective communication!

What is the problem with communication?
Two people =
misunderstandings
Technical and Business = different language
Typical large project = large team, working in
a fast-evolving digital domain that no one fully
understands

The main idea behind BDD
Preventing communication gaps

What is BDD?
● Agile methodology based on Test Driven Development
● promotes communication, conversation and close collaboration
between everybody in the team
● focuses on writing specification of the system behaviour

Benefits of BDD
3. Business and behaviour first - prioritisation
1. Collaboration / Communication - same language for all
2. Quality – functional / integration / regression tests
4. Documentation

BDD stories
Title (one line describing the story)
Narrative:
As a [role]
I want [feature]
So that [benefit]
Acceptance Criteria: (presented as Scenarios)
Scenario 1: Title
Given [context]
When [event]
Then [outcome]
Scenario 2: ...

BDD stories
As a user
I want to login
So that I can access my account
As a [X]
I want [Y]
so that [Z]

Scenarios
Given some initial context
When an event occurs,
Then ensure some outcomes.
Given I am on the login page
When I login as “jsmith” with password “secret”
Then I should see my account page

Scenarios
●It’s a speciﬁcation that everybody understands
●It’s a documentation that everybody can refer to
●It’s an automated test that can be run any time

BDD solves TDD shortcomings
Developers want to know:
● where to start
● what to test and what not to test
● how much to test in one go
● what to call their tests
● how to understand why a test fails

Declarative Scenario vs Imperative Scenario
Given I am on the login page
When I login as “john” with password “secret”
Then I should see my account page
When I go to "user/login"
And I enter "john" into the field "username"
And I enter "secret" into the field "password"
And I click on the button "login"

Drawbacks
Increases the cost of maintenance
Before doing BDD make sure that there is
enough return on investment to justify it.

BDD with Drupal
Behat - allows you to write tests in a human-readable language
called Gherkin and parses it into executable test-cases
Mink - web acceptance tests, provides MinkContext with step
definitions for interactions with a browser
Drupal Extension - provides Drupal specific functionality

Drupal Extension Drivers
Blackbox Driver
Drupal API Driver
Drush Driver

System Requirements
PHP 5.3.5 or higher with curl, mbstring and xml
Java required for Selenium

Installation
{
"require": {
"behat/behat": "2.4.*@stable"
},
"minimum-stability": "dev",
"config": {
"bin-dir": "bin/"
}
}
$ curl http://getcomposer.org/installer | php
$ php composer.phar install
$ bin/behat
$ mkdir ls_project
$ cd ls_project
$ behat --init

Installation
default:
paths:
features: 'features'
extensions:
BehatMinkExtensionExtension:
goutte: ~
selenium2: ~
base_url: http://seven.l
DrupalDrupalExtensionExtension:
blackbox: ~
Make your
FeatureContext.php
aware of both the
Drupal Extension and
the Mink Extension

How to make the scenarios available
to everybody?
Behat Jira Extension

{code:none}Feature: Jira integration
In order to facilitate the authoring of Behat features by non-developers
As a developer
I want to write an extension to load features from Jira issues.
Scenario: Load Me!
Given I am a Jira issue
And I contain a Behat feature
When I am loaded by JiraExtension
Then I should parsed by Gherkin
{code}

bin/behat jira:BDD-1
bin/behat http://jira.example.com:8080/browse/BDD-1

BDD in business
“After the decision to move our websites onto
Drupal, adopting Behavior Driven Development
has been one of the best decisions we’ve made
for our organization in years.”
Paul Lomax - CTO, Dennis Publishing

References
Dan North & Associates - http://dannorth.net/
Mink - http://mink.behat.org/
Behat - http://behat.org/
DSpeak - http://dspeak.com/drupalextension/intro.html

Marcin Pajdzik
LinkedIn: uk.linkedin.com/in/marcinpajdzik/
Twitter: @Marcin_Pajdzik
Owner / Consultant @ Codewriters Ltd
Thank You

Bridging the gap between business and technology - Behaviour Driven Development with Drupal - Dublin, Ireland, May 2015

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