C Programming Language Part 8

All arrays consist of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address corresponds
to the first element and the highest address to the last element.
Declaring Arrays
Type arrayName [ arraySize ];
double balance[10];
int balance[16];
float balance[15];

Array
one-dimensional array
two-dimensional array
three-dimensional array
Initialization of one-dimensional array:
int age[5]={2,4,34,3,4};
int age[]={2,4,34,3,4};

Accessing array elements
scanf("%d",&age[i]);
printf("%d",age[i]);
Example of array in C programming
C program to find the sum marks of n students using arrays
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
int marks[10],i,n,sum=0;
printf("Enter number of students: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;++i){
printf("Enter marks of student%d: ",i+1);
scanf("%d",&marks[i]);
sum+=marks[i];
}
printf("Sum= %d",sum);
return 0;
}

Initialization of two-dimensional array:
float a[2][6];
int c[2][3]={ {1,3,0}, {-1,5,9} };
OR
int c[][3]={ {1,3,0}, {-1,5,9} };
OR
int c[2][3]={1,3,0,-1,5,9};
int a[3][4] = {
{0, 1, 2, 3} , /* initializers for row indexed by 0 */
{4, 5, 6, 7} , /* initializers for row indexed by 1 */
{8, 9, 10, 11} /* initializers for row indexed by 2 */
};
int a[3][4] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};

#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
/* an array with 5 rows and 2 columns*/
int a[5][2] = { {0,0}, {1,2}, {2,4}, {3,6},{4,8}};
int i, j;
/* output each array element's value */
for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
{
for ( j = 0; j < 2; j++ )
{
printf("a[%d][%d] = %dn", i,j, a[i][j] );
}
}
return 0;
}
Accessing Two-Dimensional Array Elements:

Write a C program to find sum of two matrix of order 2*2 using multidimensional arrays where, elements of matrix
are entered by user.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
float a[2][2], b[2][2], c[2][2];
int i,j;
printf("Enter the elements of 1st matrixn");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
printf("Enter a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%f",&a[i][j]);
}
printf("Enter the elements of 2nd matrixn");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
printf("Enter b%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%f",&b[i][j]);
}
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j]; /* Sum of corresponding elements of two arrays. */
}
printf("nSum Of Matrix:");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
printf("%.1ft",c[i][j]);
if(j==1) /* To display matrix sum in order. */
printf("n");
}
return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
int a[2][2], b[2][2], c[2][2];
int i,j;
printf("Enter the elements of 1st matrixn");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
printf("Enter a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
printf("Enter the elements of 2nd matrixn");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
printf("Enter b%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
Write a C program to find sum of two matrix of order 2*2 using multidimensional
arrays where, elements of matrix are entered by user.

// this is 1st matrix
printf(" this is 1st matrix nn");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
{
for(j=0;j<2;++j)
{
printf("%d ",a[i][j]);
}
printf(" n");
}
//this is second matrix
printf(" this is second matrix nn");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
{
for(j=0;j<2;++j)
{
printf("%d ",b[i][j]);
}
printf(" n");
}

for(i=0;i<2;++i)
for(j=0;j<2;++j){
/* Writing the elements of multidimensional array using loop. */
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
/* Sum of corresponding elements of two arrays. */
}
printf("nSum Of Matrix:");
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
{
for(j=0;j<2;++j)
{
printf("%dt",c[i][j]);
}
printf(" n");
}
return 0;
}

Display Largest Element of an array
// Display Largest Element of an array
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
int i,n;
float arr[100];
printf("Enter total number of elements(1 to 100): ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("n");
for(i=0;i<n;++i) /* Stores number entered by user. */
{
printf("Enter Number %d: ",i+1);
scanf("%f",&arr[i]);
}
for(i=1;i<n;++i) /* Loop to store largest number to arr[0] */
{
if(arr[0]<arr[i]) /* Change < to > if you want to find smallest element*/
arr[0]=arr[i];
}
printf("Largest element = %.2f",arr[0]);
return 0;
}

Find Transpose of a Matrix
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10], trans[10][10], r, c, i, j;
printf("Enter rows and column of matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);
/* Storing element of matrix entered by user in array a[][].
*/
printf("nEnter elements of matrix:n");
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
{
printf("Enter elements a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
}

/* Displaying the matrix a[][] */
printf("nEntered Matrix: n");
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
{
printf("%d ",a[i][j]);
if(j==c-1)
printf("nn");
}
/* Finding transpose of matrix a[][] and storing it in
array trans[][]. */
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
{
trans[j][i]=a[i][j];
}

/* Displaying the transpose,i.e, Displaying array
trans[][]. */
printf("nTranspose of Matrix:n");
for(i=0; i<c; ++i)
for(j=0; j<r; ++j)
{
printf("%d ",trans[i][j]);
if(j==r-1)
printf("nn");
}
return 0;
}

Multiply to matrix in C programming
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10], b[10][10], mult[10][10], r1, c1, r2, c2, i, j, k;
printf("Enter rows and column for first matrix: ");
scanf("%d%d", &r1, &c1);
printf("Enter rows and column for second matrix: ");
scanf("%d%d",&r2, &c2);
/* If colum of first matrix in not equal to row of second matrix, asking user to enter
the size of matrix again. */
while (c1!=r2)
{
printf("Error! column of first matrix not equal to row of second.nn");
printf("Enter rows and column for first matrix: ");
scanf("%d%d", &r1, &c1);
printf("Enter rows and column for second matrix: ");
scanf("%d%d",&r2, &c2);
}

/* Storing elements of first matrix. */
printf("nEnter elements of matrix 1:n");
for(i=0; i<r1; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c1; ++j)
{
printf("Enter elements a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
}
/* Storing elements of second matrix. */
printf("nEnter elements of matrix 2:n");
for(i=0; i<r2; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c2; ++j)
{
printf("Enter elements b%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}

/* Initializing elements of matrix mult to 0.*/
for(i=0; i<r1; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c2; ++j)
{
mult[i][j]=0;
}
/* Multiplying matrix a and b and storing in array mult. */
for(i=0; i<r1; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c2; ++j)
for(k=0; k<c1; ++k)
{
mult[i][j]+=a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}

/* Displaying the multiplication of two matrix. */
printf("nOutput Matrix:n");
for(i=0; i<r1; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c2; ++j)
{
printf("%d ",mult[i][j]);
if(j==c2-1)
printf("nn");
}
return 0;
}

C Programming Language Part 8

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C Programming Language Part 8