C++ via C#
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This document discusses calling C++ code from C# and summarizes the UrhoSharp library which provides bindings between the C++ Urho3D game engine and C#. Key points: - C++/CLI, COM, and P/Invoke can be used to call C++ from C# - UrhoSharp exposes over 200 classes and 5000 methods of the Urho3D API to C# with similar performance - The binding is generated automatically from Urho3D header and source files using a custom binding generator - Object lifetime is managed by reference counting between the managed and native memory arenas
![Calling C++ from C#. How?
โข C++/CLI
โข COM
โข [DllImport], [MethodImpl]
โข IPC, Sockets,โฆ](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cppviacsharp-160211194105/85/C-via-C-3-320.jpg)
![Calling C++ from C#. How?
โข C++/CLI
โข COM
โข [DllImport], [MethodImpl]
โข IPC, Sockets,โฆ](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cppviacsharp-160211194105/85/C-via-C-4-320.jpg)
![Urho3D APIvoid SetName(const String& name);
extern "C"
DllExport void Node_SetName (Node *target, const char * name){
target->SetName (Urho3D::String(name));
}
[DllImport ("mono-urho", โฆ)]
static extern void Node_SetName (IntPtr handle, string name);
public void SetName (string name) { Node_SetName (handle, name);
Node.cppNode.h
binding.cpp
Node.cs
original API
generated
generated](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cppviacsharp-160211194105/85/C-via-C-9-320.jpg)
![Urho3D API
class Node : public Animatable
{
public:
Node(Context* context);
void SetName(const String& name);
};
DllExport void* Node_Node (Context * context) {
return new Node(context);
}
DllExport void Node_SetName (Node *target, const char * name) {
target->SetName (Urho3D::String(name));
}
public partial class Node : Animatable
{
private IntPtr handle;
[DllImport ("mono-urho")]
static extern IntPtr Node_Node (IntPtr context);
public Node (Context context) { handle = Node_Node (context.Handle); }
[DllImport ("mono-urho")]
static extern void Node_SetName (IntPtr handle, string name);
public void SetName (string name) { Node_SetName (handle, name);
Node.cppNode.h
binding.cpp
Node.cs
original API
generated
generated](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cppviacsharp-160211194105/85/C-via-C-10-320.jpg)
C++ via C#
- 1. C++ via C# Egor Bogatov @EgorBo
- 2. Calling C++ from C#. For what? โข Lovely IDE + R# โข Syntactic sugar โข nuget
- 3. Calling C++ from C#. How? โข C++/CLI โข COM โข [DllImport], [MethodImpl] โข IPC, Sockets,โฆ
- 4. Calling C++ from C#. How? โข C++/CLI โข COM โข [DllImport], [MethodImpl] โข IPC, Sockets,โฆ
- 5. UrhoSharp โข ~ 200 classes โข ~ 5000 methods โข Same FPS โข +10% memory โข C# for: Windows Mac OS Android iOS tvOS
- 6. Urho3D API class Node : public Animatable { public: Node(Context* context); void SetName(const String& name); const String& GetName(); void SetPosition(const Vector3& position); const Vector3& GetPosition(); void AddChild(Node* node, unsigned index = M_MAX_UNSIGNED); void RemoveChild(Node* node); }; public class Node : Animatable { public Node(Context context) { } public string Name { get; set; } public Vector3 Position { get; set; } void AddChild(Node node, uint index = uint.MaxValue) { } void RemoveChild(Node node) { } } Node.cpp C++ C#
- 7. Urho3D API class Node : public Animatable { public: Node(Context* context); void SetName(const String& name); }; glue.cpp
- 8. Urho3D API Node.cpp C# Node node = new Node(context); node.SetName("foo"); Node* node = new Node(context_); node->SetName("foo");
- 9. Urho3D APIvoid SetName(const String& name); extern "C" DllExport void Node_SetName (Node *target, const char * name){ target->SetName (Urho3D::String(name)); } [DllImport ("mono-urho", โฆ)] static extern void Node_SetName (IntPtr handle, string name); public void SetName (string name) { Node_SetName (handle, name); Node.cppNode.h binding.cpp Node.cs original API generated generated
- 10. Urho3D API class Node : public Animatable { public: Node(Context* context); void SetName(const String& name); }; DllExport void* Node_Node (Context * context) { return new Node(context); } DllExport void Node_SetName (Node *target, const char * name) { target->SetName (Urho3D::String(name)); } public partial class Node : Animatable { private IntPtr handle; [DllImport ("mono-urho")] static extern IntPtr Node_Node (IntPtr context); public Node (Context context) { handle = Node_Node (context.Handle); } [DllImport ("mono-urho")] static extern void Node_SetName (IntPtr handle, string name); public void SetName (string name) { Node_SetName (handle, name); Node.cppNode.h binding.cpp Node.cs original API generated generated
- 11. Binding flow Urho3D sources (*.cpp, *.h) Urho.pch Generator (Binder) binding.cpp *.cs UrhoSharp.dll Win: mono-urho.dll Droid: libmono-urho.so OSX: libmono-urho.dylib iOS: urho.framework nuget package all-urho.cpp via clang roslyn โข clang โข gcc โข msvc clang.dll Nrefactory.dll PCL, Profile7
- 12. Object lifecycle RefCounted: โข AddRef โข ReleaseRef โข RefsCount โข ~dctor Node node = new Node(context) 1) Allocate a native object (Node* node = new Node) scene.AddNode(node) 2) AddRef is called, callback to managed code 3) Managed code receives the callback, adds hard reference to node scene.RemoveAll(); 5) Managed code receives callback from native ~dctor, removes reference. GC is now able to collect empty wrapper. 6) GC collects managed wrapper
- 13. Egor Bogatov @EgorBo github: โข UrhoSharp โข CppSharp
Editor's Notes
- #12: Add 2/3 circles aligned in a row on a separate slide.