CHAPTER 14 Manageement of Nursing Educational Institutions- planing and organization(encrypted).pdf
- 1. chapter 14 MANAGEMENT OF NURSING EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: Planning and organizing AUTHOR DR. JISA GEORGE T 1
- 2. Objectives • After studying this unit, the learner would able to • Define philosophy, objectives and mission of the college • Describe organizational structure of a school/college. • Discuss about curriculum planning in a nursing educational institution. • Describe importance of budget planning in a nursing educational institution. • Explain about the role of various committees in the educational institutions. • Discuss importance and types of records and reports maintained in a nursing educational institution. 2
- 3. Chapter outline • Philosophy, objectives, and mission of the college • Organization structure of a school/college • Review - Curriculum planning • Planning teaching and learning experience, clinical facilities- master plan, time table and clinical rotation • Budget planning: Faculty, staff, equipment and supplies, AV aids, lab equipment, library books, journals, computers and maintenance • Infrastructure facilities -college, classrooms, hostel, labs, computer lab, transport facilities • Committees and functioning • Clinical experiences 3
- 4. 4 PHILOSOPHY AND OBJECTIVES OF NURSING EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
- 5. Responsibilities of the government bodies in formulating philosophy • Formulate rules for appointment. • Provide post of principal and teaching staff. • Provide post of clerical staff, librarian, warden, and housekeeping staff. • Approve admission rules and regulations. • Approve fees to be charged as tuition, library, laboratory, hostel, mess etc. 5
- 6. Responsibilities of the university in formulating philosophy • Prescribe qualification for principal and teaching staff. • Approve appointment of principal and teaching staff. • Formulate the syllabus, rules and regulations for the admission, examination, promotion and graduation of the students. 6
- 7. Factors influencing the philosophy of the nursing educational institution • Philosophical values and beliefs of the institution. • The students and activities. • Health needs of the society • The culture and background of the people. • Developments and innovations in nursing, medicine and allied discipline. • Goals and objectives of the health care delivery system. • Philosophy of the nursing service administration. • The available resources in terms of man, money and material 7
- 8. Objectives of the nursing educational institutions 1. Demonstrate awareness and skills for the provision of nursing care to the people based on nursing process approach. a.Assess the nursing needs of the individuals, family and communities throughout the life from birth to death. b.Plan appropriate actions to meet the needs. c.Work with other members of the health team and community for the promotion of the health and rehabilitation of the patient. d.Evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care activities. 8
- 9. Objectives of the nursing educational institutions 1. Apply relevant knowledge from biological and behavioural sciences in carrying out nursing care activities. 2. Maintain effective nurse patient relationship and therapeutic communication. 3. Demonstrate skill in the use of problem-solving approaches and critical thinking skills in nursing practice. 4. Gain knowledge about health resources in the community and the country. 5. Demonstrate leadership and managerial abilities. 6. Demonstrate understanding of the professional behaviour 9
- 10. Objectives of the nursing educational institutions 1. Apply relevant knowledge and skills to promote health, prevent illness and restore health of an individual, family and society. 2. Follow ethical code of ethics and professional conduct as a nurse in delivering professional practice. 3. Practice evidence-based nursing practice to improve standards of nursing care. 4. Demonstrate the use of recent trends and technological advancements in providing care. 10
- 11. Organizational structure of the nursing educational institution • Organizational chart represents • Formal organizational relationship. • Areas of responsibilities. • Persons to whom the employee is answerable or accountable. • The channel of communication. 11
- 12. Purposes of organization chart • It represents hierarchy within the organization. • It displays clear reporting structure for all employees within the organization. • It is used for administrative control, policy making and planning. • It clearly indicates areas of responsibilities and accountabilities and prevents duplication and overlapping of the work. • It avoids conflicts and can be used for decision making. 12
- 13. Organizational chart of the college of nursing 13 Director Board/ Management Trustee Principal Vice Principal Administrative Staff Office superintendent Office staff Attender Professor Associate Professor Assistant Professor Nursing Tutor / Clinical instructor Lab & Hostel staff Students
- 14. Curriculum planning and implementation in an educational institution • Curriculum is the systematic arrangement of sum total of selected experiences planned by a school for defined group of students to achieve the aims of a particular educational programme. • (Florence Nightingale International foundation) • Curriculum is the tool in the hands of an artist to mould his material, according to his ideals in his studio. In this definition, artist is the teacher, material is the student ideals are objectives and studio are the educational institution. (Cunningham) 14
- 15. Levels of curriculum planning 15 Institutio nal Instructional Societal
- 16. Principles of curriculum development • Connecting to life • Subject should be linked to actual life experiences. • Prepare the child for fulfilling future responsibilities • flexibility & variety • Variety of teaching learning activities • Appropriate modifications should be done if needed • Correlation & interrelation of subjects • Each year subject should be based on previous year • Totality & Comprehensiveness • Entire curriculum and learning experience has to be developed in the beginning. • Should focus on every aspect of life • Creative training • Teaching learning activities should promote creativity. 16
- 17. Principles of curriculum development • Forward looking • Enable the child to be progressive minded persons. • All round development • All types of experiences to be provided. • Promote overall development of mind, body and spirit. • Character building • Provide experiences to promote human and social values. • Co-curricular activities • Connecting to community • Based on community needs • Consider cultural and social background of the people. 17
- 18. Factors influencing curriculum development Philosophy, goals and objectives of education Learners needs and capacities Educational psychology Needs of the society, job opportunities Teaching learning methods and time available Technological advancement and changes External regulatory bodies and universities 18
- 19. Steps in curriculum development 19 Assessment of needs Formulation of educational objectives Selection of content & learning experiences Organization of content &learning experiences Evaluation of curriculum
- 20. Phases of Curriculum development 20 Phases of curriculum development Analysis Design Development Implementation Evaluation
- 21. Characteristics of good curriculum Based on needs of the people. It is the result of long-term efforts It is continuously emerging Logical arrangement of subject matter. It should have administrative flexibility and educational quality 21
- 22. Planning teaching and learning experiences • Learning experience is defined as the deliberately planned experiences in selected situations where students actively participate, interact and result in desirable changes in the behaviour of the students. • Learning experiences are the means of achieving goals and objectives of an educational programme. Learning experiences should be organised and supervised by faculty members that cover theory, practical applications, and related topics in order to meet the specified objectives. 22
- 23. Criteria for the selection of the learning experience Consistent with philosophy Helpful in attaining educational objectives Flexible enough Give students an opportunity to practice. Based on the needs of the student 23
- 24. Criteria for the selection of the learning experience Provide chance for independent thinking. Provide continuity, correlation and integration Allow the students to learn by doing Planned and evaluated cooperatively by the teacher and the students Involve student actively which results in a desirable change of behaviour. 24
- 25. Organization of the learning experience • Organization of the learning experiences has to be done systematically and sequentially. • While organizing the learning experiences principle of continuity, sequence and integration should be followed. • Learning experiences has to be organized horizontally and vertically. 25
- 26. Planning of clinical experience • Clinical experience is an important part of the nursing curriculum. • Organization of clinical experiences is through rotation plan. • It is important to consider the expected outcome in the particular area while planning the clinical experiences. • Adequate planning and organization of the clinical experience is essential to learn skills in nursing. • Clinical experiences must develop expertise in patient care, nursing procedures and general ward activities. 26
- 27. Factors considered for providing clinical experiences • Nursing philosophy • Course objectives • Availability of infrastructure, equipments and supplies • Level of the learners • Duration and timing of experience • Availability of the experiences • Availability of teaching faculty • Budget 27
- 28. Principles of Planning Clinical Experiences Expected learning from the experience Student background Experience duration Learning opportuniti es in the clinical setting Size of the group 28
- 29. Role of the teacher while planning clinical experiences • Different experiences should be provided to reinforce the activities, • No gap in the clinical experiences. • There must be relationship between theory and practice. • Avoid overcrowding • Major portion of the theory must be covered before providing learning experience. • All procedures have to be observed for each student. • Clinical experiences must be meaningful and flexible 29
- 30. Categories of clinical experience Experience in Patient Care Experience in nursing procedure Experience in general ward activities 30
- 31. Rotation plan • Rotation is the recurrent posting of various group of students belonging to different classes in a specific nursing field. • Rotation plan is a master plan designed to give clinical learning experiences to different classes or groups of nursing students at a certain college or school of nursing. 31
- 32. Important points to consider Equal Experience Same Duration Sequence Continuity No overlapping 32
- 33. Master rotation plan • Master rotation plan • It is the overall plan of the rotation of all students in an institution. It includes theory block, partial block, clinical block, examinations, vacations and cocurricular activities • Factors to be considered while preparing master plan • Objectives of the course • Requirements of regulatory bodies • Number of students • Number of faculty • Number of departments • Organization protocols 33
- 34. Principles of master rotation plan • Plan in advance in accordance with curriculum plan or syllabus for the programme. • Plan in advance for all students in all years of the study. • Plan activities following maxims of teaching. • Provide each clinical experience of same duration to all students. • Rotate each student through each learning experience or block. • Clearly indicate hours of planned theoretical and clinical experience per week or per month of the year. • Clearly indicate core content of the curriculum and details of student activities 34
- 35. Clinical rotation plan • Principles • The clinical rotation plan must be accordance with master plan. • It should be prepared in advance. • Each student should get all experiences in rotation. • All student should enter and leave the clinical area on time and they should complete the assignment on time. • Clinical experience has to planed according to objectives to provide specific learning experience. 35
- 36. Budget planning for nursing educational institutions • School or the college of nursing should have separate budget. The budget for the school or the college is annually planned by the principal and general manager according to the need of the institution and should be approved by the manging director. • Budget is always planned based on the following: • Deposit • Income • Expenditure • Balance 36
- 37. Budget planning for nursing educational institutions • Budgeting is classified into two heads namely revenues and expenditure. • Revenues: It includes college fees, assets, fixed deposits, loan, income, donation from trustees and investments. • Expenditure: Includes all expenditures. It includes expenditure for staff salary, conducting workshops, conferences and guest lectures, university affiliation fees, inspection fees, maintenance charges, procurement of lab items, library books, journals and computers. • Recurring annual expenditure include expenditure for affiliation fee, inspection fee, Indian nursing council and state council recognition fees. • Recurring monthly expenditure include salary, stationery items , housekeeping indent, electricity charges and maintenance charges for repair work. 37
- 38. Committees and functioning • Committees work organizations work most efficiently and productively by dividing the workload. • A committee's primary function is advising; its purpose is to give the board knowledge, guidance, and counsel so that the organizations can make better decisions. • The committee recommends course of action to the organization. 38
- 39. Importance of committees • Helpful in coordination of plans and policies. • Promotes team work. • Improves workplace communication. • Helpful for Involving more people in decision making. • Provide recommendations for the management for the better functioning of the organization. 39
- 40. Types of committees in an organization Standing committee Special committee 40
- 41. Functioning of the committee • For effective functioning committee must follow the certain guidelines • Clear definition of the purpose and scope of the committee • Committee must have proper size. • Committee members must be selected carefully. • Right person must be selected as chairman. • Proper follow up and evaluation of the committee work must be done. • The committee chair is responsible for organising the group's work, running meetings, keeping adequate records of their choices, making sure that actions are taken, and assessing outcomes. • Members of the committee must be fully aware of all the responsibilities associated with their position, including the time commitment, job obligations, and meeting schedules. 41
- 42. Summary • All institution is directed by their philosophy, vision and mission statement. Educational institutions should state specific purpose and mission of education in general and philosophy and vision particular to the institution. • Learning experiences are the means of achieving goals and objectives of an educational programme. Learning experiences should be organised and supervised by faculty members that cover theory, practical applications, and related topics in order to meet the specified objectives 42
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