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Chapter 3
- 1. Private Fire Protection and Prevention Organizations Chapter 3
- 2. Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to: Discuss the role of private industry in local, state, and national fire prevention efforts List five industries and professions involved in fire prevention Describe the role of the insurance industry in fire prevention and risk management
- 3. Objectives (cont’d.) Describe the role of the design professional in fire prevention and protection Describe the role played by industry trade associations in fire prevention and protection
- 4. Private Fire Prevention Organizations - Purely for Profit ? Public fire prevention programs exist due to private fire prevention organizations Three categories of programs Part of risk management system in a business Profit-making business service Not-for-profit operating in the public interest
- 5. Fire Prevention Risk Management Early efforts were undertaken by businesspeople who understood fire risk First practical automatic sprinkler head Piano manufacturer: Henry S. Parmalee Tin-clad fire door Cotton mill owner: Edward Atkinson
- 6. Corporate Programs Fire safety/prevention programs: part of corporation’s risk management program Security often under same umbrella Fire safety and security must be complementary
- 7. Insurance Industry Fire Prevention Programs Insurance industry responsible for much of our regulatory system Early efforts of the stock insurance companies and mutual companies Descendents of those organizations exist today Perform many of the same functions in the 1800s
- 8. Insurance Services Office, Incorporated Provides Statistical analysis and actuarial service Automated information systems Consulting services Maintains Public Protection Classification System (PPC) Good PPC: lower insurance rates in community
- 9. Insurance Services Office, Incorporated (cont’d.) If codes strictly enforced: Hurricane Andrew’s damage could have been reduced up to 55% In response: Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS), 1995 More effective construction regulation Fire codes: fire prevention Building codes: manage the impact of fire
- 10. FIGURE 3-4 New York Board of Fire Underwriters Fire Patrol Station #2. ( Courtesy of the New York Board of Fire Underwriters )
- 11. FM Global, The Factory Mutual System Manufacturers’ Mutual Fire Insurance Company, 1835 Zachariah Allen, board of directors 63¼ % savings on insurance costs, 1st year Only very best risks qualified for membership Unlike stock companies
- 12. FM Global, The Factory Mutual System (cont’d.) By 1987, 42 mutual insurance companies had merged Allendale Mutual, Arkwright Mutual, and the Protection Mutual Insurance Company In 1998, merged to form FM Global (24th largest U.S. insurance organization) Attempts to reduce risk of fire and minimize financial impact if fire occurs Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets
- 13. Commercial Fire Prevention and Protection Programs Provide a variety of services, such as: Design and engineering Manufacturing, installation, testing and maintenance Sales of all of the foregoing Provide services for: Businesses; local, state, and federal governments; U.S. government installations abroad
- 14. Government Contractors Government contracts for fire prevention/protection at own installations Within the United States Government employees Active duty military personnel Civilian civil service employees Abroad Private corporations Chief officers: U.S. citizens Other positions: citizens of the host nation
- 15. Installation Contractors Fire protection systems: mostly installed by private firms Professional registration/certification Ensures minimum standards for job performance Permits for systems ensure Contractors are technically and financially qualified Work meets code and is appropriate for the hazard Inspection/acceptance testing after the work is completed
- 16. Consulting, Maintenance, and Repair Firms Consultants and contractors commonly used in fire prevention/protection arena Maintenance and testing requirements : NFPA 17, NFPA 17A, NFPA 25, NFPA 72 Inspections by municipal officials Not to be considered absolute protection against contractor fraud or poor work
- 17. Third-Party Inspection and Certification Reports from qualified individuals/firms Acceptable as evidence of (model building and fire) codes compliance In most jurisdictions, companies that install systems cannot inspect them Collusion prevented Fire official can accept 3 rd party reports Does not relieve him of approval responsibility
- 18. Private Associations and Not-for-Profit Organizations Key role in fire prevention programs of governments and private industry Produce most codes, standards, and recommended practices Building regulation & fire protection/prevention
- 19. Underwriters Laboratories Functions Test and evaluate products at UL test facilities Develop standards 24 of the more than 800 UL standards: referenced in the 2000 International Building Code Closely affiliated with: NFPA, Factory Mutual Engineering, National Board of Fire Underwriters, and Bureau of Standards
- 20. Codes and Standards Organizations American Society for Testing and Materials American National Standards Institute American Institute of Architects Society of Fire Protection Engineers National Association of State Fire Marshals
- 21. FIGURE 3-9 ASTM standards for fire protection
- 22. Trade Associations Develop standards Design and test fire resistance-rated assemblies Maintain materials testing laboratories Provide technical information and training about their products Represent their members in the codes and standards development process
- 23. Summary Public fire prevention programs exist due to private fire prevention organizations There are three categories of private fire programs categories Several key players take part in fire prevention Codes, standard, and practices maintained by non-profits/associations