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- 2. ARTICLE V: SUFFRAGE Suffrage is the right and obligation of a qualified citizen to vote in the election of certain national and local officials of the government and in the decision of public questions submitted to the people.
- 3. ARTICLE II DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES PRINCIPLES Section 1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them.
- 4. Article V- Suffrage Section 1. Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines, not otherwise disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who shall have resided in the Philippines for at least one year and in the place wherein they propose to vote, for at least six months immediately preceding the election. No literacy, property, or other substantive requirement shall be imposed on the exercise of suffrage.
- 5. Article V- Suffrage Section 2. The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and sanctity of the ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad. The Congress shall also design a procedure for the disabled and the illiterates to vote without the assistance of other persons. Until then, they shall be allowed to vote under existing laws and such rules as the Commission on Elections may promulgate to protect the secrecy of the ballot.
- 6. Scope of Suffrage 1. Election- a political exercise whereby the sovereign people choose a candidate to fill up an elective government position. 2. Plebiscite- a political right of sovereign people to ratify or reject constitutional amendments or proposed laws. 3. Referendum- the right reserved to the people to adopt or reject any act of measure which has been passed by a legislative body and which in most cases would , without action on the part of the electors , becomes a law. 4. Initiative- the power of the people to propose bills and laws and to enact or reject them at the polls , independent of the legislative assembly. 5. Recall – a system by which an elective official is removed by popular vote the end of his term.
- 7. Eligibility Requirements 👤 Eligibility Requirements for Regular Voters 1. Filipino citizen who has never registered with the COMELEC 2. At least 18 years old on or before the upcoming elections 3. Living in the Philippines for at least one year 4. For barangay elections: Living in the barangay where they intend to vote for not less than six months prior to election day 👤 Eligibility Requirements for Sangguniang Kabataan Voters 5. Filipino citizen who has never registered with the COMELEC 6. At least 15 but not older than 30 years old on or before the SK Elections 7. Living in the barangay for not less than six months prior to election day
- 8. Persons who are Disqualified to Vote 1. Any person who has been sentenced by final judgment to suffer imprisonment for not less than one year. However, he/ she may reacquire the right to vote upon expiration of five years after service of sentence. 2. Any person who has been adjudged by final judgment by competent court or tribunal of having committed any crime involving disloyalty to the duly constituted government such as rebellion, sedition, violation of the anti-subversion and firearms laws, or any crime against national security, unless restored to his/her full civil and political rights in accordance with law: Provided, That he/she shall regain his right to vote automatically upon expiration of five years after service of sentence. 3. Insane or incompetent persons as declared by competent authority.