Cisco IPv6 Tutorial

IPv6 Lab and Techtorial

Hinwoto
htjun@cisco.com

© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1

Agenda (Lecture)
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery
IPv6 Configuration on Hosts and Routers
IPv6 Static Routing
IPv6 OSPFv3
IPv6 BGP
IPv6 Deployment Techniques

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14448_04_2008_c1 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2

Agenda (Labs)

Lab1: IPv6 Addressing
Lab2: IPv6 Neighbor Discovery
Lab3: IPv6 Static Routing
Lab4: IPv6 OSPFv3
Lab5: IPv6 BGP
Lab6: IPv6 Tunneling (Manual) *Bonus*

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Prerequisites for this Session

A network engineer
Or wannabe network engineer
Love Cisco
Not Customer Service Officer, Not Account Manager,
Not Spy, Not etc…..
Have Own Laptop ☺

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IPv6 Technology

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IPv4 and IPv6 Header Comparison
IPv4 Header IPv6 Header
Type of Version Traffic Class Flow Label
Version IHL Total Length
Service
Fragment Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit
Identification Flags
Offset

Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum

Source Address
Source Address
Destination Address
Options Padding

Legend
Destination Address
– Field Name Kept from IPv4 to IPv6

– Fields not Kept in IPv6

– Name and Position Changed in IPv6

– New Field in IPv6

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IPv6 Addressing

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Addressing Format
Representation
16-bit hexadecimal numbers
Numbers are separated by (:)
Hex numbers are not case sensitive
Abbreviations are possible
Leading zeros in contiguous block could be represented by (::)
Example:
2001:0db8:0000:130F:0000:0000:087C:140B
2001:0db8:0:130F::87C:140B
Double colon only appears once in the address

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Addressing
Prefix Representation
Representation of prefix is just like CIDR
In this representation you attach the prefix length
Like v4 address:
198.10.0.0/16

V6 address is represented the same way:
2001:db8:12::/48

Only leading zeros are omitted. Trailing zeros are
not omitted.
2001:0db8:0012::/48 = 2001:db8:12::/48
2001:db8:1200::/48 ≠ 2001:db8:12::/48

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IPv6 Address Representation

Loopback address representation
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1=> ::1
Same as 127.0.0.1 in IPv4
Identifies self

Unspecified address representation
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0=> ::
Used as a placeholder when no address available
(Initial DHCP request, Duplicate Address Detection, DAD)

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IPv6—Addressing Model

Addresses are assigned to interfaces
Change from IPv4 mode

Interface “expected” to have
multiple addresses
Addresses have scope
Link local
Unique local Global Unique Local Link Local
Global

Addresses have lifetime
Valid and preferred lifetime

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Addressing
Some Special Addresses

Type Binary Hex

Aggregatable Global
001 2 or 3
Unicast Address
Link-Local
1111 1110 10 FE80::/10
Unicast Address
FC00::/7
Unique Local 1111 1100
FC00::/8(Registry)
Unicast Address 1111 1101
FD00::/8 (No Registry)

Multicast Address 1111 1111 FF00::/8

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Types of IPv6 Addresses

Unicast
Address of a single interface. One-to-one delivery to
single interface.

Multicast
Address of a set of interfaces. One-to-many delivery to all
interfaces in the set.

Anycast
Address of a set of interfaces. One-to-one-of-many delivery to
a single interface in the set that is closest.

No more broadcast addresses

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Aggregatable Global Unicast Addresses

Provider Site Host

3 45 Bits 16 Bits 64 Bits

Global Routing Prefix SLA Interface ID

001

Aggregatable Global Unicast Addresses Are:
Addresses for generic use of IPv6
Structured as a hierarchy to keep the aggregation

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Unique-Local

128 Bits
Global ID 40 Bits Interface ID

1111 110 Subnet ID
FC00::/7
16 Bits
7 Bits

Unique-Local Addresses Used for:
Local communications
Inter-site VPNs
Not routable on the Internet
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Link-Local

128 Bits
Remaining 54 Bits Interface ID

1111 1110 10
FE80::/10

10 Bits
Link-Local Addresses Used for:
Mandatory address for communication between two IPv6 device
(like ARP but at layer 3)
Automatically assigned by router as soon as IPv6 is enabled
Also used for next-hop calculation in routing protocols
Only link-specific scope
Remaining 54 bits could be zero or any manual configured value
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IPv6 Address Allocation Process
Partition of Allocated IPv6 Address Space

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IPv6 Address Allocation Process
Partition of Allocated IPv6 Address Space (Cont.)
Lowest-order 64-bit field
of unicast address may
be assigned in several
different ways:
–Auto-configured from a 64-
bit
EUI-64, or expanded from
a 48-bit MAC address
(e.g., Ethernet address)
–Autogenerated
pseudo-random number
(to address privacy
concerns)
–Assigned via DHCP
–Manually configured

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IPv6 Interface Identifier
Cisco uses the EUI-64
format to do stateless 00 90 27 17 FC 0F
auto-configuration
This format expands the 00 90 27 17 FC 0F
48-bit MAC address to 64 bits
FF FE
by inserting FFFE into the
middle 16 bits 00 90 27 FF FE 17 FC 0F
To make sure that the
1 = Unique
chosen address is from 000000U0 Where U=
a unique Ethernet MAC 0 = Not Unique
address, the universal/ U=1
local (“u” bit) is set to 1 02 90 27 FF FE 17 FC 0F
for global scope and 0
for local scope

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ICMPv6 and
Neighbor Discovery

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ICMPv6

Internet Control Message Protocol version 6
RFC 2463
Modification of ICMP from IPv4
Message types are similar
(but different types/codes)
Destination unreachable (type 1)
Packet too big (type 2)
Time exceeded (type 3)
Parameter problem (type 4)
Echo request/reply (type 128 and 129)

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Neighbor Discovery

Replaces ARP, ICMP (redirects, router discovery)
Reachability of neighbors
Hosts use it to discover routers, auto configuration
of addresses
Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)

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Neighbor Discovery

Neighbor discovery uses ICMPv6 messages,
originated from node on link local with hop
limit of 255
Consists of IPv6 header, ICMPv6 header, neighbor
discovery header, and neighbor discovery options
Five neighbor discovery messages
1. Router solicitation (ICMPv6 type 133)
2. Router advertisement (ICMPv6 type 134)
3. Neighbor solicitation (ICMPv6 type 135)
4. Neighbor advertisement (ICMPv6 type 136)
5. Redirect (ICMPV6 type 137)

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Router Solicitation and Advertisement

1. RS 2. RA

1—ICMP Type = 133 (RS) 2—ICMP Type = 134 (RA)
Src = link-local address (FE80::1/10) Src = link-local address (FE80::2/10)
Dst = all-routers multicast address Dst = all-nodes multicast address (FF02::1)
(FF02::2)
Data = options, subnet prefix, lifetime,
Query = please send RA autoconfig flag

Router Solicitations (RS) are sent by booting nodes to request
RAs for configuring the interfaces
Routers send periodic Router Advertisements (RA) to the all-nodes
multicast address

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Neighbor Solicitation and Advertisement
A B

Neighbor Solicitation
ICMP type = 135

Src = A
Dst = Solicited-node multicast of B
Data = link-layer address of A
Query = what is your link address?

Neighbor Advertisement
ICMP type = 136
Src = B
Dst = A
Data = link-layer address of B

A and B Can Now Exchange
Packets on this Link
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Autoconfiguration

Mac Address:
00:2c:04:00:FE:56

Host Autoconfigured Sends Network-Type
Address Is: Information
Prefix Received + (Prefix, Default Route, …)
Link-Layer Address

Larger Address Space Enables:
The use of link-layer addresses inside the address space
Autoconfiguration with “no collisions”
Offers “plug-and-play”
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Renumbering

Mac Address:
00:2c:04:00:FE:56

Host Autoconfigured Sends New Network-Type
Address Is: Information
New Prefix Received (Prefix, Default Route, …)
+ Link-Layer Address Data = Two Prefixes:
Current Prefix (to Be Deprecated),
with Short Lifetimes
New Prefix (to Be Used),
with Normal Lifetimes

Larger Address Space Enables:
Renumbering, using autoconfiguration and
multiple addresses
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Renumbering (Cont.)
Router Configuration after Renumbering:
interface Ethernet0
ipv6 nd prefix 2001:db8:c18:1::/64 43200 0
ipv6 nd prefix 2001:db8:c18:2::/64 43200 43200

or:
interface Ethernet0
ipv6 nd prefix 2001:db8:c18:1::/64 at Jul 31 2008 23:59 Jul 20 2008 23:59
ipv6 nd prefix 2001:db8:c18:2::/64 43200 43200

New Network Prefix: 2001:db8:c18:2::/64
Deprecated Prefix: 2001:db8:c18:1::/64

Router Advertisements

Host Configuration:
deprecated address 2001:db8:c18:1:260:8ff:fede:8fbe
Autoconfiguring preferred address 2001:db8:c18:2:260:8ff:fede:8fbe
IPv6 Hosts
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Configuring IPv6

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IOS IPv6 Addressing Examples (1)
Manual Interface Identifier

Fast0/0

ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.151.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip pim sparse-mode
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address 2006:1::1/64
ipv6 enable
ipv6 nd ra-interval 30
ipv6 nd prefix 2006:1::/64 300 300
!

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Manual Interface Identifier
r1#sh ipv6 int fast0/0
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::207:50FF:FE5E:9460
Global unicast address(es):
2006:1::1, subnet is 2006:1::/64
Joined group address(es):
FF02::1
FF02::2
FF02::1:FF00:1
FF02::1:FF5E:9460
MAC Address : 0007.505e.9460
MTU is 1500 bytes
ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
ICMP redirects are enabled
r1#sh int fast0/0
ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
ND reachable timeis up, line milliseconds
FastEthernet0/0 is 30000 protocol is up
ND advertised reachable time is 0007.505e.9460 (bia 0007.505e.9460)
Hardware is AmdFE, address is 0 milliseconds
ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds
ND router advertisements are sent every 30 seconds
ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds
Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.
r1#
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EUI-64 Interface Identifier

Fast0/0

!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.151.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip pim sparse-mode
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address 2006:1::/64 eui-64
ipv6 enable
ipv6 nd ra-interval 30
ipv6 nd prefix 2006:1::/64 300 300
!

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EUI-64 Interface Identifier

r1#sh ipv6 int fast0/0
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::207:50FF:FE5E:9460
Global unicast address(es):
2006:1::207:50FF:FE5E:9460, subnet is 2006:1::/64
Joined group address(es):
FF02::1 MAC Address : 0007.505e.9460
FF02::2
FF02::1:FF5E:9460
MTU is 1500 bytes
ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
r1#sh int fast0/0
ICMP redirects are enabled
ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
ND reachable is AmdFE, 30000 milliseconds
Hardware time is address is 0007.505e.9460 (bia 0007.505e.9460)
ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds
ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds
ND router advertisements are sent every 30 seconds
ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds
Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.
r1#
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Configuring IPv6
on Hosts

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Microsoft (Windows)

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Client Configuration (Windows XP):
Dual-Stack
Required
Microsoft Windows XP (SP1 or higher)
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Windows Dual-Stack
XP Client Router
IPv6 must be installed
C:>ipv6 install
Have network (routers/switches)
configured for IPv6
Stateless autoconfiguration and/or DHCPv6

C:>ipconfig

Windows IP Configuration

Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection 1:
Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.1.1.100
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 2001:DB8:C003:1122:203:ffff:fe81:d6da
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : fe80::203:ffff:fe81:d6da%4
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.1.1.1
fe80::201:42ff:fe2d:9580
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IPv6 Access Lists

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IPv6 Access-List Example

Filtering outgoing traffic from site-local
source addresses
2001:0db8:c18:2::/64
IPv6 Internet
fc00:0:0:2::/64
ipv6 access-list blocksite deny fc00:0:0:2::/64 any
ipv6 access-list blocksite permit any any
Ethernet0
interface Ethernet0
ipv6 traffic-filter blocksite out

Global Prefix: 2001:0db8:c18:2::/64
Unique-Local Prefix: fc00:0:0:2::/64

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Routing in IPv6

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Routing in IPv6
As in IPv4, IPv6 has two families of routing protocols:
IGP and EGP, and still uses the longest-prefix match
routing algorithm
IGP
RIPng (RFC 2080)
Cisco EIGRP for IPv6
Integrated IS-ISv6 (draft-ietf-isis-ipv6-07)
OSPFv3 (RFC 2740)—(draft-ietf-ospf-ospfv3-update-19)
EGP: MP-BGP4 (RFC 2858 and RFC 2545)
Cisco IOS supports all of them
Pick one that meets your objectives

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IPv6 Default and
Static Routing

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Default and Static Routing
Similar to IPv4. Need to define the next hop/interface.
Default route denoted as ::/0
ipv6 route ipv6-prefix/prefix-length {ipv6-address | interface-type
interface-number [ipv6-address]} [administrative-distance]
[administrative-multicast-distance | unicast | multicast] [tag tag]
Examples:
Forward packets for network 2001:DB8::0/32 through
2001:DB8:1:1::1 with an administrative distance of 10
Router(config)# ipv6 route 2001:DB8::0/32 2001:DB8:1:1::1 10

Default route to 2001:DB8:1:1::1
Router(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:1:1::1

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OSPFv3 (RFC 2740)

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OSPFv3 Configuration Example
Router1#
interface POS1/1
ipv6 address 2001:410:FFFF:1::1/64
ipv6 enable
ipv6 ospf 100 area 0
Area 1
Router2
interface POS2/0
ipv6 address 2001:B00:FFFF:1::2/64 2001:b00:ffff:1::1/64 POS3/0
ipv6 enable
2001:b00:ffff:1::2/64 POS2/0
ipv6 router ospf 100
router-id 10.1.1.3 Router1
Router2# POS1/1
interface POS3/0
ipv6 address 2001:B00:FFFF:1::1/64 2001:410:ffff:1::1/64
ipv6 enable

ipv6 router ospf 100
Area 0
router-id 10.1.1.4

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OSPFv3 Show Commands

Router2#sh ipv6 ospf int pos 3/0
POS3/0 is up, line protocol is up
Link Local Address FE80::290:86FF:FE5D:A000, Interface ID 7
Area 1, Process ID 100, Instance ID 0, Router ID 10.1.1.4
Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:02
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 3, maximum is 3
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.3
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

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Router2#sh ipv6 ospf neighbor detail
Neighbor 10.1.1.3
In the area 1 via interface POS3/0
Neighbor: interface-id 8, link-local address FE80::2D0:FFFF:FE60:DFFF
Neighbor priority is 1, State is FULL, 12 state changes
Options is 0x630C34B9
Dead timer due in 00:00:33
Neighbor is up for 00:49:32
Index 1/1/1, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 1
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 2, maximum is 2
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec

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Router2#sh ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
OI 2001:410:FFFF:1::/64 [110/2]
via FE80::2D0:FFFF:FE60:DFFF, POS3/0
C 2001:B00:FFFF:1::/64 [0/0]
via ::, POS3/0
L 2001:B00:FFFF:1::1/128 [0/0]
via ::, POS3/0
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0

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BGP-4 Extensions
for IPv6
(RFC 2545)

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BGP-4 Configurations for IPv6
Non-Link-Local Peering
network 2003:3:2::/64
network 2003:3:3::/64

Router A AS 1 A
:1
router bgp 1
no bgp default ipv4 unicast
bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
neighbor 2006:b00:ffff:2::2 remote-as 2
2006:b00:ffff:2/64
address-family ipv6
neighbor 2006:b00:ffff:2::2 activate :2
network 2003:3:2::/64
network 2003:3:3::/64 AS 2 B

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BGP-4 for IPv6 « Show Command »

RouterA#show bgp ipv6 2001:100:1:1::/64
BGP routing table entry for 2001:100:1:1::/64, version 71
Paths: (2 available, best #2, table default)
Advertised to update-groups:
1
100
2001:100:1:1::1 (FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE01:F600) from FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE01:F600%Ethernet0/0
(200.11.11.1)
Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external
Local
:: from 0.0.0.0 (200.14.14.1)
Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, weight 32768, valid, sourced, best

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Deployment

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IPv4-IPv6 Transition/Coexistence

A wide range of techniques have been identified and
implemented, basically falling into three categories:
1. Dual-stack techniques, to allow IPv4 and IPv6 to
co-exist in the same devices and networks
2. Tunneling techniques, to avoid order dependencies when
upgrading hosts, routers, or regions
3. Translation techniques, to allow IPv6-only devices to
communicate with IPv4-only devices

Expect all of these to be used, in combination

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Host-Running Dual Stack

www.a.com
=*? IPv4
2001:db8::1
10.1.1.1
DNS IPv6
Server 2001:db8::1

In a Dual-Stack Case, an Application that:
Is IPv4 and IPv6-enabled
Asks the DNS for all types of addresses
Chooses one address and, for example, connects to the
IPv6 address
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Cisco IOS Dual-Stack Configuration
router#
Dual-Stack
interface Ethernet0
Router ip address 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.0
ipv6 address 2001:db8:213:1::/64 eui-64
IPv6 and IPv4
Network
IPv4: 192.168.99.1
IPv6: 2001:db8:213:1::/64 eui-64

Cisco IOS® Is IPv6-Enable:
If IPv4 and IPv6 are configured on one interface, the router is
dual-stacked
Telnet, ping, traceroute, SSH, DNS client, TFTP, etc.

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Tunneling

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Tunneling
Many Ways to Do Tunneling
Some ideas same as before
GRE, MPLS, IP

Native IP over data link layers
ATM PVC, dWDM Lambda, Frame Relay PVC, serial,
Sonet/SDH, Ethernet

Some new techniques
Automatic tunnels using IPv4, compatible IPv6 address,
6to4, ISATAP

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Manually-Configured GRE Tunnel

Dual-Stack Dual-Stack
Router1 Router2
IPv4 IPv6
IPv6
Network Network

IPv4: 192.168.99.1 IPv4: 192.168.30.1
IPv6: 2001:db8:800:1::3 IPv6: 2001:db8:800:1::2

router1# router2#

interface Tunnel0 interface Tunnel0
ipv6 enable ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2001:db8:c18:1::3/128 ipv6 address 2001:db8:c18:1::2/128
tunnel source 192.168.99.1 tunnel source 192.168.30.1
tunnel destination 192.168.30.1 tunnel destination 192.168.99.1
tunnel mode gre ipv6 tunnel mode gre ipv6

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Manually-Configured IPv6 over
IPv4 Tunnel

Dual-Stack Dual-Stack
Router1 Router2
IPv4 IPv6
IPv6
Network Network

IPv4: 192.168.99.1 IPv4: 192.168.30.1
IPv6: 2001:db8:800:1::3 IPv6: 2001:db8:800:1::2

router1# router2#

interface Tunnel0 interface Tunnel0
ipv6 enable ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2001:db8:c18:1::3/127 ipv6 address 2001:db8:c18:1::2/127
tunnel source 192.168.99.1 tunnel source 192.168.30.1
tunnel destination 192.168.30.1 tunnel destination 192.168.99.1
tunnel mode ipv6ip tunnel mode ipv6ip

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Labs

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Network Diagram—IPv6 Lab
Sample Topology for a Single Pod

Network A Network B
F0/0
E0/0
S1/0 S1/1 S1/1 H2
H1
R2 R3 R4
R1 S1/0 S1/0 S1/0 E0/0
F0/0

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All Routers/Hosts Basic Configuration

Configure the Following on Your Router and Host:
For example: R1 and H1
hostname R1 / H1
!
no ip domain-lookup
!
line con 0
no login
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15

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Lab 1: IPv6 Addressing

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Lab 1: Task Summary

Enable IPv6 on all four routers (R1 to R4)
Configure hosts (H1 and H2) to use stateless address
auto-configuration for IPv6
Configure IPv6 addresses on Ethernet and serial
interfaces using addresses listed in Table 1
Use show commands to view IPv6 configuration
and addresses
Use ping to verify IPv6 connectivity

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Lab 1: Configuring IPv6 Interfaces (1)

Table 1: IPv6 Prefixes for Ethernet and Serial Interfaces
Router Unique-Local
Global IPv6 Prefix
Number IPv6 Prefix
R1 (S1/0) 2001:DB8:1122:12::1/64 fc00:1:2:12::1/64
R1 (F0/0) 2001:DB8:1234:1::/64 eui-64
R2 (S1/0) 2001:DB8:1122:12::2/64 fc00:1:2:12::2/64
R2 (S1/1) 2004:DB8:2233:23::2/64
R3 (S1/1) 2001:DB8:3344:34::3/64 fc00:3:4:34::3/64
R3 (S1/0) 2004:DB8:2233:23::3/64
R4 (F0/0) 2001:DB8:1234:4::/64 eui-64
R4 (S1/0) 2001:DB8:3344:34::4/64 fc00:3:4:34::4/64

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Task: Configuring the IPv6 Ethernet Interface
On routers R1 and R2, go to global configuration mode
#configure terminal
Enable IPv6 unicast routing on the router
(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
Configure the f0/0 interface
(config)#interface f0/0
Enable IPv6 on the interface
(config-if)#ipv6 enable
(config-if)#no shutdown
Quit the configure mode
(config-if)#end
Verify that the Ethernet interface is configured
#show ipv6 interface f0/0
Identify the type of addresses that are configured
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Task: Finding the Link-Local Address of a Host
On hosts H1 and H2, go to global configuration mode
#configure terminal
Configure the host F0/0 interface
(config)#interface F0/0
Enable IPv6 on the interface
(config-if)#ipv6 address autoconfig
Quit the configure mode
(config-if)#end
Verify that the interface is configured
#show ipv6 interface F0/0

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Task: Verifying IPv6 Link-Local Connectivity
On routers R1 and R4, enable console debugging of ICMP
and Neighbor Discovery (ND) IPv6 packets
#debug ipv6 icmp
#debug ipv6 nd

On the router, ping the local Ethernet interface of host
specifying the link-local address in the ping command
destination address
#ping fe80::<link local address of Host>
#ping ipv6 fe80::<link local address of Host>

On the router, verify the list of IPv6 neighbors
#show ipv6 neighbors

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Task: Configuring a Static IPv6 Address with EUI-64
On routers R1 and R4, configure a global IPv6 address on
f0/0 interface using the /64 prefix of your subnet and the
EUI-64 format
Subnet = router number, e.g., R1 = 2001:DB8:1234:1::/64 &
R2 = 2001:DB8:1234:2::/64)
#configure terminal
(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1234:<router #>::/64 eui-64
(config)#end
Verify the configuration
On the routers, disable all console debugging
#undebug all
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Task: Configuring IPv6 addresses on Ethernet1/0 and
Serial2/0 Interfaces
On all four routers, configure a global and unique-local address on
other interfaces by using the IPv6 prefix assigned. Use the router
number for the host part. (Refer to table 1 for details)
For example, on R1:
#configure terminal
(config-if)#ipv6 address fc00:1:2:12::<router #>/64
(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1122:12::<router #>/64
Verify connectivity by using ping to next-hop router
#ping <global or unique-local address of next-hop router>
#show ipv6 neighbors
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Lab 2: Using
Neighbor Discovery

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Lab 2: Task Summary

Enable Router Advertisements (RA) for global and
unique-local IPv6 prefixes on f0/0 (R1 and R2)
Use show commands and debugs (debug ipv6 nd) to
view IPv6 configuration
Use ping to verify IPv6 connectivity
Renumber the E0/0 interfaces on R1 and R2 by
deprecating the old IPv6 prefixes and announcing a
new IPv6 prefix
Pick a new IPv6 global prefix (2003:DB8:ffff:<router #>::/64)
Deprecate the old prefix; hint: change the valid and
preferred lifetimes

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Lab 2: Using Neighbor Discovery (1)
Task: Configuring Router Advertisements for Global Addresses
Look at the configuration of hosts H1 and H2 and determine if they have received a
global address?
#show ipv6 interface F0/0
Enable the debugging mode for IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND)
#debug ipv6 nd
On routers R1 and R4, go to configuration mode and then under Ethernet
0/0 interface
#configure terminal
Enable RAs by using the ND command with the subnet prefix assigned to your
LAN. Because infinite lifetime is not desired, use five minutes (120 seconds) for
lifetime (both preferred and valid).
(config-if)#ipv6 nd prefix 2001:DB8:1234:<router #>::/64 120 120
Verify that the hosts now have an IPv6 address that was automatically configured
with this subnet prefix. Note that the previously configured link-local address is still
present and valid. Also look at the valid and preferred lifetimes, are they
decrementing?
Verify connectivity using the ping command on the router to the host using the
newly assigned address of the host as the ping destination
#ping <global address of Host>
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Task: Configuring Router Advertisements for Unique-Local Addresses
Configure a unique-local address on f0/0 interface of Routers R1 and R4
by using the subnet prefix for your LAN. Use EUI-64 format.
#configure terminal
(config-if)#ipv6 address fc00:0:0:<router #>::/64 eui-64
Enable RAs by using the ND command with subnet prefix assigned to
your LAN for unique-local addresses. Use five minutes (120 seconds)
for the lifetime.
(config-if)# ipv6 nd prefix fc00:0:0:<router #>::/64 120 120
Change the RA interval to 30 seconds
(config-if)# ipv6 nd ra interval 30
Verify that hosts H1 and H2 now have an IPv6 address configured with
this subnet prefix
Verify connectivity to the host using the ping command on the router to
the host using the newly assigned address of the host as the ping
destination address
#ping <unique-local address of Host>
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Task: Renumbering the Local Network on the Router
On routers R1 and R2, configure the new address of
workgroup f0/0 interface by using the new global subnet
prefix assigned to your LAN. Use EUI-64 format.
#configure terminal
(config-if)#ipv6 address 2003:DB8:ffff:<router #>::/64 eui-64
Enable RAs by using the ND command with the new subnet
prefix assigned to your LAN. Use five minutes (240 seconds)
for the lifetime.
(config-if)# ipv6 nd prefix 2003:DB8:ffff:<router #>::/64 240 240
Verify that hosts H1 and H2 have a new address with the
new prefix
#show ipv6 interface ethernet0/0
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Modify the Neighbor Advertisement (NAs) for
2001:DB8:1234:<router #>::/64 (the old prefix) by making
the valid and preferred lifetimes equal to 60 and 0
respectively
#configure terminal
(config)#interface ethernet0/0
(config-if)# ipv6 nd prefix 2001:DB8:1234:<router #>::/64 20 0
Verify that the hosts deprecate the use of the “old” prefix and
prefers the “new” one
#show ipv6 interface ethernet0/0
Verify connectivity to the host by using the ping command on
the router using the new assigned address of host
#ping <new global address of Host>
#undebug all

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Lab 3: IPv6
Static Routing

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Lab 3: Task Summary

Configure IPv6 default static routes on R1 and R4
Configure IPv6 static routes on R3 and R4
Use ping to verify IPv6 connectivity between R1 and R4
Use show commands to view IPv6 routing table

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Lab 3: IPv6 Static Routing (1)
Task: Configuring IPv6 Static Routing on Routers
Configure static default routes on R1 and R4 pointing to R2
and R3 respectively (see table 1 for addressing details)
On R1:
(config)#ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:1122:12::2
On R4:
(config)#ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:3344:34::3
Configure static routes on R2 pointing to R4’s E1/0 network; R3
pointing to R1’s E1/0 network. (see table 1 for addressing details)
On R2:
(config)#ipv6 route 2001:DB8:3344:34::/64 2004:DB8:2233:23::3
On R3:
(config)#ipv6 route 2001:DB8:1122:12::/64 2004:DB8:2233:23::2

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Lab 3: IPv6 Static Routing (2)

Task: Verifying IPv6 Connectivity Using Static Routes
Verify the routing table
#show ipv6 route

Verify IPv6 connectivity using the ping command using
the peer’s IPv6 address
#ping <your peer’s Global IPv6 Address>

Can you ping from R1 to R4 and vice versa? If not,
troubleshoot why the ping is not working.
Hint: use “debug ipv6 icmp” and “debug ipv6 packet”
on R2 and R3 to see if traffic is being forwarded

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Lab 4: Routing
with OSPFv3

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Lab 4: Task Summary
Enable debugs for IPv6 routing and IPv6 OSPFv3
#debug ipv6 routing
#debug ipv6 ospf event
Configure OSPFv3 on all four routers
Look at topology diagram for details
Use 192.168.30.xx for router-id (where xx is the router number)
Remove all IPv6 static and default routes on all routers
Use ping to verify IPv6 connectivity between H1 and H2
Use show commands to view IPv6 routing table
#show ipv6 route
#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
#show ipv6 ospf database
Answer review questions at the end of this section
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OSPFv3 Configuration Example

Network A Network B
F0/0
E0/0
S1/0 S1/1 S1/1 H2
H1
R2 R3 R4
R1 S1/0 S1/0 S1/0 E0/0
F0/0

Area 10 Area 0 Area 20

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Lab 4: Routing with OSPFv3 (1)
Task: Configuring OSPFv3
Enable the debugging mode for IPv6 routing and
IPv6 OSPFv3
#debug ipv6 routing
#debug ipv6 ospf event

Configure an OSPFv3 process 1 on the routers with a router-ID
(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
(config-rtr)#router-id 192.168.30.xx (where xx is your router #)

Enable OSPFv3 on each interface on all four routers
For example on R1:
(config)#interface ethernet0/0
(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 10
(config-if)#interface ethernet1/0
(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 10
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OSPFv3 Configuration—Router R1 (2)
Router R1


interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
ipv6 ospf 1 area 10

no ip address
ipv6 ospf 1 area 10

ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 192.168.30.1

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OSPFv3 Configuration—Router R2 (3)
Router R2


no ip address
ipv6 ospf 1 area 10

interface Serial2/0
no ip address
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 192.168.30.2

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Lab 4: Routing with OSPFv3 (4)
Task: Configuring OSPFv3
Verify that the routing table is updated by entries coming from the other workgroup
routers, OSPFv3 Neighbor, OSPFv3 database
#show ipv6 route
#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
#show ipv6 ospf database

Do you see the OSPFv3 routes in the routing table on R2 and R3? Why or why not?
Remove the static routes on all 4 routers
#no ipv6 route <network> <next hop>

Verify IPv6 connectivity using the ping command on Host. Use the remote host’s
global IPv6 address as the destination address of the ping command
#ping <Global IPv6 address of the remote host>
#undebug all

On R4 define a loopback4 with address 2040::4/64 and do a redistribute connected
under ipv6 router ospf. Check the database of R1 and R2 with show ipv6 ospf
database external. Do you see the loopback address?
On R1 and R2 under ipv6 router ospf configure “area 10 stub”. Do you see the
external routes now? Why not?
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Lab 5: Routing
with BGP

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Lab 5: Task Summary
Enable debugging for BGP
#debug bgp ipv6 unicast
Configure BGP AS number and router-id on all four routers using table 2
Activate iBGP peering between R1 and R2 and R3 and R4 using the
interface global IPv6 address. Announce the global prefix and unique-local
prefix.
Activate eBGP peering between R2 and R3 using their global
IPv6 addresses
On R2 and R3, filter the unique-local prefix (fc00::/10) so that you do not
receive them from the peers
Use show commands to view the BGP configuration
#show bgp ipv6 unicast summary
#show bgp ipv6 unicast neighbors <IP address> advertised-routes
#show bgp ipv6 unicast neighbors <IP address> routes
#show ipv6 route bgp
Use show bgp ipv6 unicast to see the routes in the BGP table
Answer review questions at the end of this section
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BGP Configuration Example

iBGP iBGP

Network A Network B
F0/0
E0/0
S1/0 S1/1 S1/1 H2
H1
R2 R3 R4
R1 S1/0 S1/0 S1/0 E0/0
F0/0

AS 65012 EBGP AS 65034

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Lab 5: Routing with BGP (1)
Task: Configuring BGP
Refer to table 2 for the router address and autonomous system
(AS) number
Enable the debugging of BGP
#debug bgp ipv6
Define your router as a BGP router with your AS number
(config)#router bgp <AS number>
Because IPv4 has not been configured yet and BGP protocol uses
the IPv4 address as an identifier, a specific command to identify
the router-id is needed. Use table 2 to find the router-id. Then
configure the router BGP router-id.
(config-router)#bgp router-id <your router-id>
Deactivate the IPv4 default peering
(config-router)#no bgp default ipv4-unicast

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Table 2: Assigned AS Number and Router ID

Router Number AS Number Router ID

R1 65012 192.168.60.1

R2 65012 192.168.60.2

R3 65034 192.168.60.3

R4 65034 192.168.60.4

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Activate iBGP peering between R1 and R2 and R3 and R4 using the
Ethernet 1/0 global IPv6 address. Announce your global prefix and
your unique-local prefix.
(config-router)#neighbor <peer’s S1/0 global IPv6 address > remote-as <AS number>
(config-router)#neighbor <peer’s S1/0 global IPv6 address > update-source S1/0
(config-router)#address-family ipv6
(config-router-af)#neighbor <peer’s S1/0 global IPv6 address> activate
(config-router-af)#network <F0/0 global network prefix>/64 R1 and R4
(config-router-af)#network <S1/0 unique local prefix>/64 only
(config-router-af)#exit

Look at the BGP routing table to determine if you received BGP routes
from your neighbor
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Activate eBGP peering between R2 and R3 using their global
IPv6 addresses
(config-router)#neighbor <peer’s global IPv6 address> remote-as <AS number>
(config-router)#neighbor <peer’s global IPv6 address>
(config-router-af)#neighbor <peer’s global IPv6 address> activate
(config-router-af)#end

Look at the BGP routing table to determine if you received BGP routes
from your neighbor

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Task: Filtering BGP Routes
On R2 and R3, filter the unique-local prefix (fc00::/10) so that you do not
receive them from the peers
(config)#ipv6 prefix-list lab5 deny fc00::/10 le 128
(config)#ipv6 prefix-list lab5 permit ::/0 le 64
(config)#router bgp <your AS number>
(config-router-af)#neighbor <peer’s global IPv6 address> prefix-list lab5 in
(config-router-af)#exit

On R1 and R4, verify that you do not receive any unique-local routes via
BGP from the remote peer. Only the global IPv6 prefixes should
be received.
#clear bgp ipv6 unicast <peer AS number> in
#show bgp ipv6 unicast
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Lab 6: Manual
Tunneling in IPv6

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Lab 6: Task Summary
Disable IPv6 routing protocols on all routers
Remove the IPv6 addresses on serial2/0 interface of R2 and R3
Configure IPv4 address on serial2/0 interface of R2 and R3, use
192.168.30.<router xx>/24
Configure tunnel interfaces on R2 and R3 and configure them for
manual tunneling
Enable RIPng on both tunnel endpoints and other relevant
interfaces on all four routers
Enable EIGRPv6 over the tunnel
Enable mutual redistribution between EIGRPv6 and RIPng on
R2 and R3
Use show commands to view the IPv6 routing table and tunnel
interface statistics
Use ping to verify IPv6 connectivity between H1 and H2
Answer review questions at the end of section 7
TECRST-2300

Manual Tunnel Configuration Example

IPv6 IPv4 IPv6

Network A GRE Tunnel Network B

E0/0 S1/1 F0/0
S1/0 S1/1
H1 H2
R1 S1/0 R2 R3 S1/0 R4
R1 S1/0
F0/0 E0/0

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Lab 6: Using Tunnels (Manual-1)
Task: Configuring the Tunnel
First disable both OSPFv3 and BGP on all routers
Remove the IPv6 address on Serial interface between R2
and R3
(config)#no ipv6 router ospf 1
(config)#no router bgp <your AS>
(config)#interface Serialxx
(config-if)#no ipv6 address
(config-if)#no ipv6 enable

Configure IPv4 address on interface between R2 and R3
(config)#interface xxx
(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.<router #> 255.255.255.0
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Configure a tunnel interface using tunnel0
(config)#interface tunnel 0
Use an IPv6 unnumbered address from the S1/0 @R2, S1/1@R3
(config-if)#ipv6 unnumbered S1/0@R2 (S1/1@R3)
Identify the source and destination address of the tunnel, followed
by the tunnel mode
(config-if)#tunnel source Serial1/0@R2 (S1/1@R3)
(config-if)#tunnel destination <peer’s IPv4 address>
(config-if)#tunnel mode gre ip
Enable RIPng on all four routers
(config)#ipv6 router rip lab
(config-rtr)#redistribute connected
Enable RIPng on Ethernet 0/0 and Ethernet 1/0 interfaces on R1
and R4, and Ethernet 1/0 interfaces on R2 and R3
(config-if)#ipv6 rip lab enable

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Configure OSPFv3 on the routers R2 and R3 with a
Router-ID
(config-rtr)#router-id 192.168.30.xx (where xx is your router #)
Enable OSPFv3 on tunnel interfaces on R2 and R3
(config)#interface tunnel 0
(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 are 0
Enable mutual redistribution on R2 and R3 between
RIPng and OSPFv3
(config)#redistribute rip lab
(config)#ipv6 router rip lab
(config)#redistribute ospf 1
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Verify that RIPng updates are carried over the tunnel
#show ipv6 route
Look at Tunnel 0 debugs and statistics
#debug tunnel
#show interface tunnel 0 accounting
Verify connectivity between R1 & R4 using the
ping command
#ping <global IPv6 address of Ethernet0/0 of peer>
Verify connectivity between H1 and H2 using the
ping command
#ping <global IPv6 address of peer Host>

TECRST-2300

Thank You

TECRST-2300

Recommended Reading
Available Online at the Cisco Press

TECRST-2300

TECRST-2300

Cisco IPv6 Tutorial

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