Cluster computing ppt
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Cluster computing involves linking together independent computers as a single system for high availability and high performance computing. A cluster contains multiple commodity computers connected by a high-speed network. There are different types of clusters like high availability clusters that provide uninterrupted services if a node fails, and load balancing clusters that distribute requests across nodes. Key components of clusters are nodes, networks, and software. Clusters provide benefits like availability, performance, and scalability for applications. However, limitations include high latency and lack of software to treat a cluster as a single system.
Cluster computing ppt
- 1. Guided By: Seminar On CLUSTER COMPUTING Submitted By: Sruthy. S Register No. : 16130104
- 2. Content • Introduction • Cluster Categorization • Cluster Component • How Does It Work? • Cluster Architecture • Cluster Benefits • Cluster Features • Cluster Application • Limitations • Conclusion
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Cluster is a widely used term meaning independent computers combined into a unified system through software and networking • Clusters are typically used for High Availability (HA) for greater reliability or High Performance Computing (HPC) to provide greater computational power than a single computer can provide. • Clusters are composed of many commodity computers, linked together by a high-speed dedicated network
- 4. Cluster Categorization • High-availability (HA) clusters • Load balancing clusters • High-performance (HPC) clusters • Grid Cluster
- 5. High Availability or Failover Clusters These clusters are designed to provide uninterrupted availability of data or services (typically web services) to the end-user community. if a node fails, the service can be restored without affecting the availability of the services provided by the cluster. While the application will still be available, there will be a performance drop due to the missing node. The purpose of these clusters is to ensure that a single instance of an application is only ever running on one cluster member at a time but if and when that cluster member is no longer available, the application will failover to another cluster member.
- 7. • High-availability clusters implementations are best for mission-critical applications or databases, mail, file and print, web, or application servers.
- 8. Load Balancing Cluster This type of cluster distributes incoming requests for resources or content among multiple nodes running the same programs or having the same content. Both the high availability and load-balancing cluster technologies can be combined to increase the reliability, availability, and scalability of application and data resources that are widely deployed for web, mail, news, or FTP services. Every node in the cluster is able to handle requests for the same content or application. This type of distribution is typically seen in a web-hosting environment.
- 10. Load Balancing Cluster Diagram
- 11. Parallel/Distributed Processing Clusters parallel processing was performed by multiple processors in a specially designed parallel computer. These are systems in which multiple processors share a single memory and bus interface within a single computer. These types of cluster increase availability, performance, and scalability for applications, particularly computationally or data intensive tasks.
- 12. Cluster Component The basic building blocks of clusters are broken down into multiple categories: 1. Cluster Nodes 2. Cluster Network 3. Network Characterization
- 13. How Does It Work? A user submits a job to the head node. The job identifies the application to run on the cluster. The job scheduler on the head node assigns each task defined by the job to a node and then starts each application instance on the assigned node. Results from each of the application instances are returned to the client via files or databases.
- 15. Cluster Architecture A cluster is a type of parallel or distributed processing system that consists of a collection of interconnected stand-alone computers working together as a single, integrated computing resource
- 16. Cluster Computing Features • Network technologies • Network Types • Communication Protocols • Operating system • Single System Image (SSI) • Quorum
- 17. CLUSTER BENEFITS The main benefits of clusters are: 1. Availability 2. Performance 3. Scalability These benefits map to needs of today's enterprise business, education, military and scientific community infrastructures.
- 18. Cluster Application There are three primary categories of applications that use parallel clusters: 1. Compute Intensive Application. 2. Data or I/O Intensive Applications. 3. Transaction Intensive Applications.
- 19. LIMITATIONS • Typically latency is very high and bandwidth relatively low. • Currently there is very little software support for treating a cluster as a single system. • Problems exist in the interactions between mixed application workloads on a single time-shared computer
- 20. Comparing with other distributed computing Characteristic Cluster Grid P2P Resource Management (i.e. memory, objects, storage, network access, etc) Centralized Distributed Distributed Resource Ownership Singular (Often locked to a single node to prevent data corruption) Singular or multiple, varies from platform to platform Singular, multiple, or distributed, depending on circumstance and architecture Method of Resource Allocation / Scheduling Centralized, allocated according configuration Decentralized N/A, there is no single permanent host for centralized data or resource management. Everything is transient. External Representation Single Image Single or multiple image(s) Unknown, it is circumstantial Inter-Operability Guaranteed within a cluster Enforced within a framework Multiple competing standards Suggested Equipments Mostly high-end, high capability systems High-end or commodity systems Any type, including wireless device and embedded systems. Scaling 2- 16 way (Although, theoretically 128+ is possible) Two to thousands units connection Theoretically, infinite (In actuality, it depends on network backbone transmission speed, number of clients, and type of transmission protocol…..) Discovery Mechanism Defined membership (Static or Dynamic) Centralized index, as well as, multiple decentralized mechanisms. Always decentralized discovery mechanism.
- 21. CONCLUSION Cluster computing has become a major part of many research programs because the price to performance ratio of commodity clusters is very good. Also, because the nodes in a cluster are clones, there is no single point of failure, which enhances the reliability to the cluster.
- 22. Reference • www.google.com • www.wikipedia.com • www.studymafia.org
- 23. THANK YOU