CMO Guide to Digital Engagement

Copyright 2013 ©
Badgeville www.badgeville.com
The CMO’s Guide
to Beating the
Engagement Crisis
• What Is Engagement, Really?
• The Heart of Behavior Management: Learn How to Tap into the Human Psyche
• Four Customer Motivators
• Engagement Mechanics: The Secret Weapon for Driving Customer Behavior
· Game Mechanics: Real-Time Recognition for Customer Behavior
· Reputation Mechanics: Elevating Customer Status
· Social Mechanics: Delivering the Best of the Social Web on Your Proprietary Assets
· Behavior Data & Insights: The Foundation of Ongoing Engagement
• The Technology & Team: You Need Both to Scale an Engagement Program For Long-Term Success
Five years ago, no CMO wanted to be the dinosaur that didn’t invest in social technologies.
This desire led to massive, across-the-board investments to connect with customers. Though
unproven technologies, many took a build-it-and-they-will-come mentality. As it turns out, many
customers didn’t show up to the party.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

THE CMO’S GUIDE TO BEATING
THE ENGAGEMENT CRISIS
Copyright 2013 ©
1
Facebook Marketing Conference, 2012. Your Average Facebook Post Only Reaches 12% Of Your Friends. http://techcrunch.com/2012/02/29/facebook-post-reach-16-friends/
2
Top 10 Issues with Proprietary Web Communities, Gartner, Nov 2011
3
Loyalty: is it really working for you?. McKinsey, 2012. http://cmsoforum.mckinsey.com/article/loyalty-is-it-really-working-for-you AND The Billion Member March: The 2011 COLLOQUY Loyalty Census Growth and
Trends in Loyalty Program Membership and Activity. http://colloquy.com/files/2011-COLLOQUY-Census-Talk-White-Paper.pdf
4
Conversion rate of U.S. online shoppers during 4th quarter 2012, by device. http://www.statista.com/statistics/234884/us-online-shopper-conversion-rate-by-device/
5
Fastest Way to Lose Customers. KISSmetrics. http://blog.kissmetrics.com/retaining-customers/
6
Report: Online Shoppers Have A 4-Second Attention Span. http://www.informationweek.com/report-online-shoppers-have-a-4-second-a/193502066
Companies are slowly waking from a social hangover, seeing slow adoption of established and
emerging assets. Despite $4.5 billion invested in social media related technology last year, 84%
of customers never saw Facebook brand updates.1
Proprietary assets haven’t fared much better.
Businesses spent $3 billion last year on web-based communities and user generated content
tools, but according to research firm Gartner, nearly 70% of customers never log in to them.2
Even the companies that drive initial adoption and engagement are challenged to maintain it. While McKinsey estimates that
the cost of loyalty programs swelled to $50 billion last year, more than half of customers are inactive in those programs, making
it harder than ever to generate profits from them.3
This lack of engagement ultimately hits companies where it counts: revenue
generation. Across most industries, conversion rates remain stagnant around 3%,4
while 62% of customers take their business to
competitors upon completing a relationship with a brand.5
The challenge facing CMOs stems from their customers’
immense set of choices and from the limited time and
attention they’re able to give to the millions of products
and content options at their disposal. Online shoppers,
for example, have merely a four-second attention span
on average.6
With a vast array of sites, communities
and social media channels jockeying for their attention,
CMOs have perhaps the smallest window in human
history to reach their customers.
Taken in their totality, these challenges create a crippling
Engagement Crisis for marketers in every industry.
The only way out of it is to create a more effective,
sustainable way to measure and influence the customer
behaviors that support key business objectives. To
conquer their engagement challenges, today’s world-
class companies are borrowing the same principles
that have made addictive, compelling user experiences
— such as social games — and applying them to their
digital experiences. This whitepaper will serve as the
CMO’s guide to beating the engagement crisis, and go
through practical steps to help avoid it.
Low Adoption
16%
Customers who See
Facebook Brand Updates 28%
Community
Adoption
Limited Loyalty
25%
Customers Swayed
by a Brand 55%
Customers Inactive
in Loyalty Programs
Lackluster Conversion
3%
Average Online
Conversion Rates 65%
Abandon
Shopping Carts
1
Sources: Gartner, FMC, Forrester, Colloquy, Statista

What is Engagement, Really?
To explain low adoption of their digital investments, many web
strategists have cited the popular 90/9/1 rule that has become
a staple for many digital marketers — the idea that 90% of
users will be lurkers, 9% will be contributors and 1% will be
creators. But the rise of the 90/9/1 rule veiled a greater truth:
That despite these new channels, customers aren’t exactly
doing what companies want them to do. It’s true they come to
your website, but they might investigate a product before buying
it somewhere else for a cheaper price. It’s true they visit social
media sites like Facebook, but it’s to interact with their friends
and family, not necessarily with your product or brand.
Most agree that “user engagement” is the cure to these ills,
but the word itself has been bastardized. Hackneyed terms
like “you need to listen and engage with your customers” are
now a staple in many marketers’ vocabulary. This has caused
companies to start analyzing customer actions, either through
traditional analytics or social media listening tools. But knowing
what customers say, and creating armies of marketing managers
and support specialists in a command center to placate their
demands on Twitter, is not engagement. In practice, it’s a
reactive strategy that companies dress up as being “social”
or “customer-centric.” In truth, it’s a face-saving tactic that,
over time, customers will see through and hold companies
hostage over.
The definition of engagement is about interactivity — between
you, your customers, and amongst themselves. The longer you
can hold your customers’ attention, the greater your influence
is over them. While the democratizing effect of the web means
you’ll never control customers in the way you once could, true
engagement means you’ll be able to influence them to interact
with specific products, content and services.
As a result, those engaged customers should be guided into
behaviors that support the marketer’s three fundamental
business objectives:
• Acquiring customers
• Retaining them over time
• Maximizing the revenue you derive
from each of them.
Copyright 2013 ©
RETAIN! CONVERT!ACQUIRE!
How do I get
more customers?
How do I get them to
spend more money?
How do I keep
them over time?
2

Reactive engagement strategies are borne out of companies’
struggles to understand what really motivates their customers.
The most apparent examples are traditional loyalty programs
that value transactions above all else. Before the web, this
approach made more sense because transactions were one
of the only behaviors companies could track, outside of phone
calls and mail-in rebates. The customer buys nine sandwiches,
he gets the tenth free. She flies 30,000 miles, she gets a
free flight.
Over time, the transparency of such a program can become
a hindrance at sustaining long-term engagement. As the
customer becomes conscious that they need to spend a
specific amount of money in order to get something back,
they realize you’ve set
a dollar value on their
overall worth to you. If a
sandwich is priced at $6,
they need to spend $54
on their nine sandwiches
to get the 10th free —
which is, still, only worth
$6. Even companies
that launch without the
burden of legacy loyalty
programs still subscribe
to this model. Attaining a
high status on the upstart Virgin America is largely tied to
how much money you spend, not just how many miles you
fly.
The web is changing that loyalty paradigm. In today’s world,
companies have insight into an expanded set of customer
behaviors that happen in between transactions — such as
logging in to a website, commenting, writing a review or
sharing something out to Facebook. All of these behaviors
can be trackable. All of them can be rewarded.
How we view rewards is changing, too. People value recognition,
social status and privileges as much as getting free stuff.
As far back as the 1970s, research that would later become
known as self-determination theory (SDT) indicated that
intrinsic motivators — such as the ability to be autonomous and
connected to others — could have greater impact on people’s
behavior than simply the ability to earn money or rewards
(Deci, E. L.; & Ryan, R. M. 1985).7
For example, one study cited
in SDT found that college students’ perceived ability to succeed
was increased simply by positive feedback. Another showed
that children were motivated to complete games for competitive
reasons, and that it was of greater importance to them than any
tangible prizes (Kruglanski, A. W.; Alon, S.; & Lewis).8
Advances in technology
have taken it a step further,
however, demonstrating
how people’s brains are
wired to care more deeply
about social status and
reputation than money
and prizes. In 2008, the
National Institute of Mental
Health conducted a study
that scanned the brains
of more than 70 subjects,
comparing their reactions
to winning money in a computer game and having comments
made about them (both good and bad) by fake players who were
introduced throughout the course of the game. The subjects
didn’t know these players were fake, so mentally they took their
participation seriously.9
The response? The same area of the brain, the striatum, lit
up equally when a player improved their social standing and
when earning money. Dr. Caroline F. Zink summed it up for the
Scientific American’s recap of the study:10
The Heart of Behavior Management:
Learn How to Tap into the Human Psyche
Copyright 2013 ©
7
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum.
8
Kruglanski, A. W., Alon, S., & Lewis, T. (1972). Retrospective misattribution and task enjoyment. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 8, 493-501.
9
Know Your Place: Neural Processing of Social Hierarchy in Humans. Neuron. Volume 58, Issue 2, 24 April 2008, Pages 273–283. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627308001128
10
For the Brain, Cash Is Good, Status Is Better. http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=for-the-brain-status-is-better
“We found that the brain reacts
very strongly to the other players and
specifically the status of the other
players. We weren’t expecting that
profound a response,”
— Dr Caroline F. Zink
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
3

“We found that the brain reacts very strongly to the other players and specifically the status of the other players. We weren’t
expecting that profound a response,” noting that the subjects seemed to be concerned with the hierarchy within the game even
when it was of no consequence to how much money they could make.
According to Zink, the striatum became just as animated when players were given a shot at improving their social standing as it
did when they won a buck. And that wasn’t the only indicator that they cared about how others perceived them. She says another
brain region (the medial prefrontal cortex) involved in sizing up others went wild when players were shown photos of competitors
who outperformed them.
There will always be a time and place to reward users with free goods and discounts, but intrinsic motivators should be leveraged
between transactions and guiding customers along a story of personal growth. In doing so, companies can more scalably get
the results they want from them. For the CMO’s Engagement Guide, we’ve made it simple: They all start with the letter S. These
intrinsic motivators are smart, successful, socially valued, structured.
The Heart of Behavior Management:
Learn How to Tap into the Human Psyche (cont.)
Copyright 2013 ©
4
EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
REWARDED — Does the customer
require some type of material prize or
tangible incentive to remain engaged?
SMART — Can you help customers
feel a sense of discovery? Can you
enable them to prove their knowledge
within the context of your product
or service?
SUCCESSFUL — People like to feel
as though they’re winning, and this
desire is further fueled by competition.
SOCIALLY VALUED — As much as
people like material things, a greater
desire is felt for status, reputation
or prestige.
STRUCTURED — With the deluge
of information, products and services
thrown at them each day, more than
ever customers want to make order and
sense of everything before them.
FOUR CUSTOMER MOTIVATORS (INTRINSIC)

Copyright 2013 ©
Engagement Mechanics:
The Secret Weapon for Driving Customer Behavior
Many innovative products and sites on the consumer web have cracked the code of tapping into customers’ key motivations to
drive engagement. Facebook is the most obvious example. It has nearly a billion active users who upload nearly 250 million photos
per day. Today, nearly 81 million people play social games, and more than half of them play more than once a day.
To increase engagement, many companies have begun leveraging the same techniques that power experiences like Facebook
and its social game ecosystem, but instead have applied them to non-gaming contexts. These assets include websites, online
communities and mobile applications, where user engagement can make or break the ability of those channels to acquire, retain
and convert customers. These companies haven’t reinvented the wheel on the behaviors they want people to perform; they’ve
instead layered in different engagement mechanics that influence users to do them.
These companies have leveraged three engagement techniques: Game Mechanics, Reputation Mechanics and Social Mechanics.
Put simply, these mechanics allow them to reward customers, elevate their status, and deliver a social experience wherever
they go.
GAME MECHANICS:
REAL-TIME RECOGNITION FOR CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR
A couple years ago, Samsung.com had an immediate need for game mechanics. The
site provides a central hub for customers to peruse thousands of products, read and
write reviews, and engage with key social media channels like Facebook and Twitter.
Social sharing functionality is embedded throughout the site, and the Bazaarvoice
conversations platform powers user generated content tools alongside each product.
But even with millions of visitors a month, the site could be very catalogue-driven.
Customers often came to do research for purchase validation before going to the
store, and then didn’t come back to the site for months or years. In other cases, they
simply came to voice a complaint or ask a support question. With limited time and
myriad options for where they spend those seconds, Samsung customers needed a
compelling reason to return.
To increase customer retention and improve advocacy, Samsung leveraged
Game Mechanics to reward specific customer behaviors, such as sharing
out to Facebook, writing reviews and commenting on content. As they earn
different achievements and points, they see their reputation and status displayed on
leaderboards. This appeals to their need to feel smart and successful (two key intrinsic
motivators). Samsung also mixed in tangible rewards, such as the ability to win a free
tablet, that also helped facilitate excitement for the program.
Samsung has increased the amount of user generated content generated on the site,
and it’s also increased the amount of customer advocates — people who positively
promote the brand. According to research by Deloitte, customer advocates spend twice
as much as a regular customer in revenue, and have a five-time greater lifetime value.
5

GAME MECHANICS (CONT.)
MuchMusic in Canada is another example. The popular music and
entertainment television station wanted to translate the excitement its
audience had for its programming into a vibrant loyalty program on its website.
So it layered game mechanics across the MuchMusic.com experience to
reward users for commenting on blog posts, watching videos and sharing
out to social networks, enticing users with early access to content and the
opportunity to meet their favorite stars.
Within a few months, the results were staggering. User behaviors on
MuchMusic.com increased by an average of 59% from week to week, with an
average of more than 14 behaviors per user. The result of this engagement:
Better retention and loyalty. Overall, MuchMusic.com has seen a 21%
increase in registered users, with nearly one in three (33%) returning on
a daily basis.
REPUTATION MECHANICS:
ELEVATING CUSTOMER STATUS
Reputation Mechanics are being utilized heavily by companies looking
to build better communities around their products and services.
CA Technologies is a B2B company that provides businesses with products
and expertise to optimize technologies and simplify complex IT challenges.
For more than 30 years, they’ve helped support various customer
communities, starting with in-person regional user groups. Several years
ago, CA decided to launch a cohesive community online which would serve
as a hub for customer interactions.
With customer time and attention a precious commodity, it could be
challenging to drive adoption of key areas of the community. To help drive
more engagement, CA embedded reputation mechanics throughout the
experience. To do this, they assigned different points people earned for
contributing content — those points rolled up into different levels of reputation
across the site. For example, an “Aficionado” in the CA Community had to
earn 350 points to attain that level, while more advanced levels, like a “CA
Champion” had to earn 900 points. In total, they had eight levels, giving
users many stepping stones to show off their status in the community.
The results have been high levels of engagement. Since layering reputation
mechanics throughout the experience, CA saw a 57% increase in questions
answered on CA forums, and a 306% increase in overall interaction with
different user profiles.
Copyright 2013 ©
The Secret Weapon for Driving Customer Behavior (cont.)
6

Copyright 2013 ©
SOCIAL MECHANICS:
DELIVERING THE BEST OF THE SOCIAL WEB ON YOUR PROPRIETARY ASSETS
Facebook has proven that the ability to publish social activities
to a wide audience can have powerful influences on people’s
behavior. This is causing companies to apply similar dynamics
right on top of their own assets to engage customers.
One example is Ask.com, one of the early pioneers on the web.
Launched in 1996, Ask.com is a top 10 US internet site with
more than 100 million monthly users globally. It has built one
of the largest communities supporting open Q&A on the web,
curating answers through search and participation from topical
authorities. While Ask.com knew it had advanced technology, it
wanted to create a more dynamic experience for users as they
visited the site, drawing them to discussions that were taking
place in real-time. The success of their site hinges on strong
user participation.
Ask.com utilized social mechanics across its product experience, adding real-time notifications and activity streams that informed
users about questions and answers happening across the site. With their follow functionality, Ask.com enabled their users to better
connect with relevant people and content which interested them. The results were increased engagement across the site. Ask.com
saw a 23% increase in questions answered and a 58% increase in votes cast. For a site like Ask.com, which relies on advertising
as a key revenue stream, driving these engagement metrics up — by extension time spent onsite — is a vital need for its business.
BEHAVIOR DATA & INSIGHTS:
THE FOUNDATION OF ONGOING ENGAGEMENT
When it comes to customer engagement, you’re never done. You cannot determine success without testing the types of behaviors
you’re driving and knowing the business objectives those behaviors support. One way to achieve this goal is to tie it back to three
core objectives of marketers: ACQUISITION, RETENTION AND CONVERSIONS.
EXAMPLES OF BEHAVIOR DATA TO ANALYZE INCLUDE:
• ONBOARDING NEW CUSTOMERS — How many people are logging into your sites,
communities and apps? And are social behaviors (such as sharing out to Twitter or Facebook)
causing them to do business with you for the first time?
• RETENTION — How sticky is the overall user experience you’re providing? If you have
many one-and-done customers, you need to focus many of your engagement mechanics on
encouraging repeat behaviors.
• CONVERSIONS — As you engage across different digital experiences, how do those
behaviors lead to additional purchases, ad impressions, lead gen and other core revenue
generating activities.
The Secret Weapon for Driving Customer Behavior
7

The Technology & Team: You Need Both to Scale an
Engagement Program For Long-Term Success
It’s become a popular term to say “it’s not about the technology,” but the reality is, building an engagement program at scale is an
enterprise investment that requires a sophisticated toolset. Companies that have built end-to-end engagement programs had to address
many tough questions, such as:
• If you apply game mechanics, can you ensure people don’t game the system?
• If you reward hundreds of behaviors across your ecosystem, can your infrastructure
process those in real-time and give users instant notifications?
• As you process these behaviors, can you ensure security and that you’re in compliance
with your company’s data policies?
• If you’re going to apply game, reputation and social mechanics to more than one site,
can you manage it in one place with multi-tiered user access? Or will you have to stitch
together different admin experiences?
These are the types of questions that eventually lead companies to exploring a behavior platform to scale their program appropriately.
But it’s also the design behind these programs that matter. According to Gartner, 80% of gamification projects will fail from poor design.
This means that behind the technology, it helps to work with a team with a diverse background, including:
If you’ve gotten this far, you have a good sense of the tools at your disposal to solve the engagement crisis. But don’t go it alone!
To learn more about how you can conquer your engagement crisis, contact Badgeville at sales@badgeville.com to learn more.
ABOUT BADGEVILLE
Badgeville, the #1 gamification and behavior management platform, enables companies in virtually every industry to influence and mea-
sure user behavior. World-class businesses in more than 20 countries use Badgeville’s Behavior Platform, an award-winning Platform-as-
a-Service (PaaS) solution, to increase customer loyalty, user engagement, and employee performance across an organization’s websites,
mobile apps and enterprise applications. With over 200 customers, Badgeville brings Game Mechanics, Reputation Mechanics, and Social
Mechanics to industry leaders and innovators including Deloitte, EMC, Oracle, Autodesk, Bell Media, NBC, Universal Music, Recyclebank,
VMware, and more. Founded in 2010, Badgeville is based in Redwood City, California and has offices in New York and Europe.
To learn more follow @Badgeville or visit www.badgeville.com.
GAME DESIGN
Can you understand what motivates
your customers and build different
mechanics to engage and reward them?
DATA SCIENCE
Can you make sense of the data?
You must, in order to tweak your
engagement mechanics accordingly.
ROI ANALYSIS
How can you asses the value of
your program as it relates to core
business metrics?

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