Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manualforitafryand
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
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Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manualvagermoshin
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Computer Security Principles And Practice 2nd Edition Stallings Solutions Manual
Executable Security Policies: Specification and Validation of Security Policiesijwmn
Security Policies constitute the core of network protection infrastructures. However, their development is a sensitive task because it can be in opposition with the security requirements (e.g. lack of rule or conflicting rules). A specification task seems to be indispensible in order to clarify the desired exigencies. A validation process for security policies becomes then necessary before their deployment to avoid resources network damages. Nowadays, there is no automated tool in the network security world allowing such task. Moreover, we have found that the theory developed for this aim in the software engineering domain can be adapted for security policies because several similarities exist between the expressions of the needs in the two domains as mentioned in several studies. Hence, we propose in this paper a specification and validation framework for security policies, inspired from software engineering tools, where: (1) we introduce the concept of executable specifications to build the concept of Executable Security Policies (2) we propose a new specification language based on an adapted modeling and inspired from Promela (3) we build a validation model based on the newly introduced language and (4) we define a 3-steps validation process of the executable security policy. The validation process is based on the main security properties, i.e. consistency, completeness and preservation of safety and liveness. Moreover, the consistency related to multiple security policies is treated through a detection algorithm and a resolution method.
Essay QuestionsAnswer all questions below in a single document, pr.docxjenkinsmandie
Essay Questions
Answer all questions below in a single document, preferably below the corresponding topic.
Responses should be no longer than half a page.
One
1. A security program should address issues from a strategic, tactical, and operational view. The
security program should be integrated at every level of the enterprise’s architecture. List a
security program in each level and provide a list of security activities or controls applied in these
levels. Support your list with real-world application data.
2. The objectives of security are to provide availability, integrity, and confidentiality protection to
data and resources. List examples of these security states where an asset could lose these
security states when attacked, compromised, or became vulnerable. Your examples could
include fictitious assets that have undergone some changes.
3. Risk assessment can be completed in a qualitative or quantitative manner. Explain each risk
assessment methodology and provide an example of each.
Two
1. Access controls are security features that are usually considered the first line of defense in
asset protection. They are used to dictate how subjects access objects, and their main goal is to
protect the objects from unauthorized access.
These controls can be administrative, physical, or technical in nature and should be applied in a
layered approach, ensuring that an intruder would have to compromise more than one
countermeasure to access critical assets. Explain each of these controls of administrative,
physical, and technical with examples of real-world applications.
2. Access control defines how users should be identified, authenticated, and authorized. These
issues are carried out differently in different access control models and technologies, and it is up
to the organization to determine which best fits its business and security needs. Explain each of
these access control models with examples of real-world applications.
3. The architecture of a computer system is very important and comprises many topics. The
system has to ensure that memory is properly segregated and protected, ensure that only
authorized subjects access objects, ensure that untrusted processes cannot perform activities
that would put other processes at risk, control the flow of information, and define a domain of
resources for each subject. It also must ensure that if the computer experiences any type of
disruption, it will not result in an insecure state. Many of these issues are dealt with in the
system’s security policy, and the security model is built to support the requirements of this
policy. Given these definitions, provide an example where you could better design computer
architecture to secure the computer system with real-world applications. You may use fictitious
examples to support your argument.
Three
1. Our distributed environments have put much more responsibility on the individual user, facility
management, and administrative procedures and controls than in th.
The document discusses network infrastructure vulnerabilities and network security concepts. It notes that security services are an integral part of network design and assessing vulnerabilities is important for network planning. Some common network infrastructure vulnerabilities that will be covered include unauthorized access, denial of service attacks, and data interception. Network security concepts like authentication, authorization, confidentiality and integrity will also be analyzed.
A SECURED AUDITING PROTOCOL FOR TRANSFERRING DATA AND PROTECTED DISTRIBUTED S...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a secured auditing protocol for transferring data and protected distributed storage with social media. It discusses the limitations of existing systems for sharing data and photos on social networks, including privacy and security issues. The proposed system aims to address these issues through a new framework that uses encryption, anonymous profiles, integrity checks and user approval for data access and sharing. It describes the various modules of the new system like enrollment, account updating, file sharing, profile matching, and group management. The system is designed to allow secure data sharing while preserving user privacy through techniques like anonymous profiles and consent-based sharing.
Two Aspect Endorsement Access Control for web Based Cloud Computing IRJET Journal
This document proposes a two-factor authentication access control system for web-based cloud computing. The system uses attribute-based access management enforced with both a user's secret key and a lightweight security device. This enhances security by requiring both factors for access. Attribute-based management also allows the cloud server to limit access based on user attributes while preserving privacy, as the server only knows if a user satisfies an access predicate, not their identity. The paper introduces an object-sensitive role-based access control model called ORBAC that can parameterize roles based on object properties. It also aims to formally validate programs against ORBAC policies using a dependent type system for Java.
Network Security & Assured Networks: TechNet Augusta 2015AFCEA International
The document provides details on controls for network security assessments. It discusses the differences between certification and accreditation, and how risk tolerance must balance threats against protection costs. It also lists various access, identification and authentication, configuration management, and system integrity controls, and references how each control is assessed. The controls are evaluated to ensure the system or network is properly monitored, authenticated, updated, and protected from unauthorized access and malware.
The document discusses data security and controls in database management systems. It begins by introducing basic security concepts like secrecy, integrity, availability, security policy, and prevention vs detection approaches. It then describes access controls commonly found in current database systems, including different levels of granularity (e.g. entire database, specific relations or rows) and control modes (e.g. read, write, delete permissions). It also introduces the problem of multilevel security that traditional access controls cannot fully address.
This document discusses ethical hacking and provides details about the process. It begins with an introduction to hacking and defines ethical hacking as hacking into a system to evaluate and improve security rather than for criminal purposes.
It then outlines the 6 main steps in the ethical hacking process: 1) Planning, 2) Reconnaissance, 3) Vulnerability Analysis, 4) Exploitation, 5) Final Analysis, and 6) Deliverables. For each step, it provides a brief description of the goals and tasks.
Finally, it discusses different types of ethical hacking including remote network, remote dial up network, local network, stolen equipment, social engineering, and physical entry hacking. The overall document provides a high-level
This document provides implementation guidance and potential metrics for ISO/IEC 27001 & 27002. It was created by an international community of ISO27k implementers to help others with information security management standard implementation. The guidance covers risk assessment, security policies, asset management, access control, and other areas. Suggested metrics include policy coverage, risk treatment status, user access changes, and security incident trends. The document is meant to be tailored to individual organizational needs.
The Federal Information Security Management ActMichelle Singh
The document discusses the importance of access controls and audit controls for organizations. It notes that traditionally applications and data were stored on local servers, but with distributed computing and more users, security issues increased. Access control models like mandatory access control and discretionary access control were used to secure data and control access, but role-based access control (RBAC) was proposed as a more flexible model. However, with growing user numbers, security has become a bottleneck. The paper describes access control and the RBAC model, its limitations, and proposes future research to reduce security risks with large user numbers in cloud computing environments.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Project 1
Step 1: Conduct a Security Analysis Baseline
In the first step of the project, you will conduct a security analysis baseline of the IT systems, which will include a data-flow diagram of connections and endpoints, and all types of access points, including wireless. The baseline
Cst 630 Education is Power/newtonhelp.comamaranthbeg73
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Project 1
Step 1: Conduct a Security Analysis Baseline
In the first step of the project, you will conduct a security analysis baseline of the IT systems, which will include a data-flow diagram of connections and endpoints, and all types of access points, including wireless. The baseline report will be part of the overall security assessment report (SAR).
You will get your information from a data-flow diagram and report from the Microsoft Threat Modeling Tool 2016. The scope should include network IT security for the whole organization. Click the following to view the data-flow diagram: [diagram and report]
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Project 1
Step 1: Conduct a Security Analysis Baseline
In the first step of the project, you will conduct a security analysis baseline of the IT systems, which will include a data-flow diagram of connections and endpoints, and all types of access points
Information assurance aims to protect data and systems by ensuring availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and non-repudiation. This includes protecting against threats through measures like restoration capabilities, maintaining the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity and availability, and following policies and guidelines around topics like vulnerability management, security definitions, and the roles and responsibilities of information assurance professionals.
The document summarizes a tutorial on requirements engineering for dependable systems. It discusses the nature of dependability and requirements, how to develop requirements, important quality factors for requirements, and common pitfalls. Dependability refers to the trustworthiness of a system to deliver its services and must be defined in the system specification. There are different types of requirements, including behavioral, quality, programmatic, and implementation requirements. Behavioral requirements specify the externally visible functions of a system. Quality requirements relate to attributes like maintainability. Programmatic requirements address contractual aspects of development. Implementation requirements constrain the design space.
Sample penetration testing agreement for core infrastructureDavid Sweigert
The document formalizes a relationship between a tester and entity owning a target of evaluation (TOE) for penetration testing. It outlines that the tester will evaluate security vulnerabilities in the TOE's IT infrastructure using industry standard tools and techniques. It also describes that a scope statement and rules of engagement document will define the parameters and guidelines for the testing. Relevant personnel for both parties are identified along with their roles and responsibilities for coordination.
The purpose of this paper two fold. First and foremost it presents a background narrative on the origins, innovations and applications of novel structural automation technologies and the rarity of experts involved in research, development and practice of this field. The second part of this paper presents a rudimentary framework for a solution addressing this paucity – the creation of an interdisciplinary academic program at PAAET that will be the first ever in the region to address applied information communication technologies ICT in the design, planning, engineering and management of structural automation projects. In doing so, we need also to define the level of implementation. This field, as all fields in ICT, have been loosely defined and most applications carry less weight in its implementation than what should be applied. This paper gives an attempt to define an indexing scheme by which we can easily classify such implementation and generate a ranking by which we can safely define its level of ―Intelligence‖.International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document provides implementation tips and potential metrics for ISO/IEC 27001 and 27002. It covers tips and metrics for each control objective in ISO/IEC 27002 sections 4 through 15. The tips are meant to help others implementing the ISO information security standards in their organization. The document is collaboratively created and copyrighted but licensed for sharing and derivative works.
Running Head SECURITY MODEL 1SECURITY MODEL 7.docxjeanettehully
Running Head: SECURITY MODEL 1
SECURITY MODEL 7
SECURITY MODEL
Institution Affiliation
Student Name
Date
Abstract
The concept of trusted computing has been in existence for a very long time. It has had an influence on security systems and solutions. In this paper, I will explain the history of TCB. Ways to implement trusted base computing. I will also explain some of the barriers and how to bypass them.
Introduction
The trusted computing base contains hardware, firmware and software that are essential in establishing as well as maintaining security. Moreover, it also includes an operating system with all specific system hardware, in-built security control, software and network hardware, (Ranganathan, 2017). When designing a trusted computing base provision such as access control, giving privileges, user authentication support, authorization of particular processes or systems, backing up information and protection against viruses and malware. It is the responsibility of a trusted computing base to maintain the integrity and confidentiality of information. It monitors the input and output operations.
History
In December 1985, the United States Department of Defense put out the trusted computing system evaluating criteria that well-defined TCB. TCB can be understood when it performs as a centralized, trusted entity, (Scott-Nash, et al., 2016). The structures that get the uppermost level security accredited and certification have a centralized system design. The TCSEC accepted the view of peer trusted nodes describing them as members of the NTCB which protects the network system including the firmware, software and hardware. This combination is responsible for enforcing a security policy.
How is the model implemented?
TCB contains four security mechanisms, including authentication and identification, auditing, labelling and security policy. In order to understand how TCB is implemented and work. Let’s take the example of a bank—one of the most trusted icons in society today. When we make deposits, the money is recorded and safeguarded. It will be available when we want it back. We hardly consider the security mechanism in the back since we trust the banking system. All the mechanisms of TCB are in place. Before withdrawing money from the account, one is required to identify and authenticate themselves to the teller with the account number and signature. There is also discretionary access control that is who is authorized to withdraw money from the account. There are very few clerical problems since all the transactions that take place are audited. In development, the environment has to enforce the security model. Other concepts that are used when developing TCB include memory protection and handle, (Noorman, et al., 2019). This falls under the NIST requirement for assurance. When implementing TCB, it is essential to ensure that the application meets the basic requirements of NIST.
Barriers
The first barr ...
Running Head SECURITY MODEL 1SECURITY MODEL 7.docxtodd521
Running Head: SECURITY MODEL 1
SECURITY MODEL 7
SECURITY MODEL
Institution Affiliation
Student Name
Date
Abstract
The concept of trusted computing has been in existence for a very long time. It has had an influence on security systems and solutions. In this paper, I will explain the history of TCB. Ways to implement trusted base computing. I will also explain some of the barriers and how to bypass them.
Introduction
The trusted computing base contains hardware, firmware and software that are essential in establishing as well as maintaining security. Moreover, it also includes an operating system with all specific system hardware, in-built security control, software and network hardware, (Ranganathan, 2017). When designing a trusted computing base provision such as access control, giving privileges, user authentication support, authorization of particular processes or systems, backing up information and protection against viruses and malware. It is the responsibility of a trusted computing base to maintain the integrity and confidentiality of information. It monitors the input and output operations.
History
In December 1985, the United States Department of Defense put out the trusted computing system evaluating criteria that well-defined TCB. TCB can be understood when it performs as a centralized, trusted entity, (Scott-Nash, et al., 2016). The structures that get the uppermost level security accredited and certification have a centralized system design. The TCSEC accepted the view of peer trusted nodes describing them as members of the NTCB which protects the network system including the firmware, software and hardware. This combination is responsible for enforcing a security policy.
How is the model implemented?
TCB contains four security mechanisms, including authentication and identification, auditing, labelling and security policy. In order to understand how TCB is implemented and work. Let’s take the example of a bank—one of the most trusted icons in society today. When we make deposits, the money is recorded and safeguarded. It will be available when we want it back. We hardly consider the security mechanism in the back since we trust the banking system. All the mechanisms of TCB are in place. Before withdrawing money from the account, one is required to identify and authenticate themselves to the teller with the account number and signature. There is also discretionary access control that is who is authorized to withdraw money from the account. There are very few clerical problems since all the transactions that take place are audited. In development, the environment has to enforce the security model. Other concepts that are used when developing TCB include memory protection and handle, (Noorman, et al., 2019). This falls under the NIST requirement for assurance. When implementing TCB, it is essential to ensure that the application meets the basic requirements of NIST.
Barriers
The first barr.
This paper deals with the risk assessment of different types of electronics and mobile payment systems as well as the countermeasures to mitigate the identified risk in various electronics and mobile payment synthesis.
11What is Security 1.1 Introduction The central role of co.docxmoggdede
1
1
What is Security? 1.1 Introduction
The central role of computer security for the working of the economy, the defense of the country, and the protection of our individual privacy is universally acknowledged today. This is a relatively recent development; it has resulted from the rapid deployment of Internet technologies in all fields of human endeavor and throughout the world that started at the beginning of the 1990s. Mainframe computers have handled secret military information and personal computers have stored private data from the very beginning of their existence in the mid-1940s and 1980s, respectively. However, security was not a crucial issue in either case: the information could mostly be protected in the old-fashioned way, by physically locking up the computer and checking the trustworthiness of the people who worked on it through background checks and screening procedures. What has radically changed and made the physical and administrative approaches to computer security insufficient is the interconnectedness of computers and information systems. Highly sensitive economic, financial, military, and personal information is stored and processed in a global network that spans countries, governments, businesses, organizations, and individuals. Securing this cyberspace is synonymous with securing the normal functioning of our daily lives.
Secure information systems must work reliably despite random errors, disturbances, and malicious attacks. Mechanisms incorporating security measures are not just hard to design and implement but can also backfire by decreasing efficiency, sometimes to the point of making the system unusable. This is why some programmers used to look at security mechanisms as an unfortunate nuisance; they require more work, do not add new functionality, and slow down the application and thus decrease usability. The situation is similar when adding security at the hardware, network, or organizational level: increased security makes the system clumsier and less fun to use; just think of the current airport security checks and contrast them to the happy (and now so distant) pre–September 11, 2001 memories of buying your ticket right before boarding the plane. Nonetheless, systems must work, and they must be secure; thus, there is a fine balance to maintain between the level of security on one side and the efficiency and usability of the system on the other. One can argue that there are three key attributes of information systems:
Processing capacity—speed
Convenience—user friendliness
Secure—reliable operation
The process of securing these systems is finding an acceptable balance of these attributes. 1.2 The Subject of Security
Security is a word used to refer to many things, so its use has become somewhat ambiguous. Here we will try to clarify just what security focuses on. Over the years, the subject of information security has been considered from a number of perspectives, as a concept, a function, and ...
Dynamic Fine-grained Access Control and Multi-Field Keyword Search in Cloud B...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a new system called Dynamic Fine-grained Access Control and Multi-Field Keyword Search (DFAC_MKS) for cloud-based electronic health records (EHRs) that allows for dynamic updating of access policies and keywords over encrypted data. It aims to achieve efficient access policy and keyword updates without compromising data security, while supporting multi-field keyword searches in conjunctive normal form. The system model involves data owners uploading encrypted EHR files and indices to a cloud server. An authority authenticates users and issues credentials representing their attribute values. Users generate search capabilities from their credentials and queries to retrieve matching files from the cloud server.
· THE INDUSTRY AND THE COMPANY AND ITS PRODUCT(S) OR SERVICE(S)A.docxoswald1horne84988
· THE INDUSTRY AND THE COMPANY AND ITS PRODUCT(S) OR SERVICE(S)
A. The industry.- Tamara
B. The company and the concept- Tamara
C. The product(s) or service(s).- Tamara
D. Entry and growth strategy.- Arturo
· MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
A. Customers.- Richard
B. Market size and trends.- Arturo
C. Competition and competitive edges.- Arturo
D. Estimated market share and sales.- Richard
E. Ongoing market evaluation.- Richard
· MARKETING PLAN
A. Overall marketing strategy.- Ryan
B. Pricing.- Ryan
C. Sales tactics.- Ryan
D. Service and warranty policies.- Ade
E. Advertising and promotion.- Ade
F. Distribution.- Ade
Deadline sent to Team Fileshare due- Saturday of each week by 4p.
Team Members in attendance-
Ryan, Richard, Arturo, Tamara, Ade
I. System Design Principles
A network system is a collection of integrated components that works together, to
achieve a common objective. A system design is a process of defining the system architecture,
modules, interfaces, data, and components of a system, to a specified requirement.
Design principles describe the procedures that software developers, system analyst, and
system architect designers, create through the distribution of colors, texture, and the weight of
objects. This union describes the use of assets, so that there is a structured and stable system
design, including system appearance, and security against unauthorized access. Security design
principles are essential when designing any system to make sure security and integrity is tamper
proof.
Various security design principles exist and designed by the system developer, listed
below include security design principles:
1. The Principle of Least Privilege requires the system developers to
limit user access rights to use specific tools and informatio n in a system, this
privilege gives rights to access data and applications, only to special users, with
limited access to other users.
The orientation of this design principle limits the system from damaging
attacks from users of the system; whether they are intentional or not, it also limits
the changes or damages a user can make on the system, and it reduces interactions
with the system.
2. Fail Safe Defaults Principle administered by the system developer
in charge of security, and authorizes users, to access system resources, based on
granted access, rather than exclusion; this design principle permits, the users, to
access resources, if permission is granted. By default, the users do not have
access, to system resources, until authorization is given. This design principle
prevents unauthorized users, from viewing resources. (Dennis & Wixom, 2000)
3. Defense In-depth Principle is a concept used by system developers
use security layers on system resources. This principle requires users to provide
credentials when accessing a system resource. The security experts because of
the operational results and effectivene.
This document outlines an agenda for discussing computer security policies and procedures. It covers topics such as introducing security policies, network architecture and security services, handling security incidents, ongoing security activities, and resources for security. The introduction defines key terms and outlines a basic approach to developing a security plan. It emphasizes identifying assets, threats, and implementing cost-effective protection measures.
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The document provides details on controls for network security assessments. It discusses the differences between certification and accreditation, and how risk tolerance must balance threats against protection costs. It also lists various access, identification and authentication, configuration management, and system integrity controls, and references how each control is assessed. The controls are evaluated to ensure the system or network is properly monitored, authenticated, updated, and protected from unauthorized access and malware.
The document discusses data security and controls in database management systems. It begins by introducing basic security concepts like secrecy, integrity, availability, security policy, and prevention vs detection approaches. It then describes access controls commonly found in current database systems, including different levels of granularity (e.g. entire database, specific relations or rows) and control modes (e.g. read, write, delete permissions). It also introduces the problem of multilevel security that traditional access controls cannot fully address.
This document discusses ethical hacking and provides details about the process. It begins with an introduction to hacking and defines ethical hacking as hacking into a system to evaluate and improve security rather than for criminal purposes.
It then outlines the 6 main steps in the ethical hacking process: 1) Planning, 2) Reconnaissance, 3) Vulnerability Analysis, 4) Exploitation, 5) Final Analysis, and 6) Deliverables. For each step, it provides a brief description of the goals and tasks.
Finally, it discusses different types of ethical hacking including remote network, remote dial up network, local network, stolen equipment, social engineering, and physical entry hacking. The overall document provides a high-level
This document provides implementation guidance and potential metrics for ISO/IEC 27001 & 27002. It was created by an international community of ISO27k implementers to help others with information security management standard implementation. The guidance covers risk assessment, security policies, asset management, access control, and other areas. Suggested metrics include policy coverage, risk treatment status, user access changes, and security incident trends. The document is meant to be tailored to individual organizational needs.
The Federal Information Security Management ActMichelle Singh
The document discusses the importance of access controls and audit controls for organizations. It notes that traditionally applications and data were stored on local servers, but with distributed computing and more users, security issues increased. Access control models like mandatory access control and discretionary access control were used to secure data and control access, but role-based access control (RBAC) was proposed as a more flexible model. However, with growing user numbers, security has become a bottleneck. The paper describes access control and the RBAC model, its limitations, and proposes future research to reduce security risks with large user numbers in cloud computing environments.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Project 1
Step 1: Conduct a Security Analysis Baseline
In the first step of the project, you will conduct a security analysis baseline of the IT systems, which will include a data-flow diagram of connections and endpoints, and all types of access points, including wireless. The baseline
Cst 630 Education is Power/newtonhelp.comamaranthbeg73
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Project 1
Step 1: Conduct a Security Analysis Baseline
In the first step of the project, you will conduct a security analysis baseline of the IT systems, which will include a data-flow diagram of connections and endpoints, and all types of access points, including wireless. The baseline report will be part of the overall security assessment report (SAR).
You will get your information from a data-flow diagram and report from the Microsoft Threat Modeling Tool 2016. The scope should include network IT security for the whole organization. Click the following to view the data-flow diagram: [diagram and report]
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Project 1
Step 1: Conduct a Security Analysis Baseline
In the first step of the project, you will conduct a security analysis baseline of the IT systems, which will include a data-flow diagram of connections and endpoints, and all types of access points
Information assurance aims to protect data and systems by ensuring availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and non-repudiation. This includes protecting against threats through measures like restoration capabilities, maintaining the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity and availability, and following policies and guidelines around topics like vulnerability management, security definitions, and the roles and responsibilities of information assurance professionals.
The document summarizes a tutorial on requirements engineering for dependable systems. It discusses the nature of dependability and requirements, how to develop requirements, important quality factors for requirements, and common pitfalls. Dependability refers to the trustworthiness of a system to deliver its services and must be defined in the system specification. There are different types of requirements, including behavioral, quality, programmatic, and implementation requirements. Behavioral requirements specify the externally visible functions of a system. Quality requirements relate to attributes like maintainability. Programmatic requirements address contractual aspects of development. Implementation requirements constrain the design space.
Sample penetration testing agreement for core infrastructureDavid Sweigert
The document formalizes a relationship between a tester and entity owning a target of evaluation (TOE) for penetration testing. It outlines that the tester will evaluate security vulnerabilities in the TOE's IT infrastructure using industry standard tools and techniques. It also describes that a scope statement and rules of engagement document will define the parameters and guidelines for the testing. Relevant personnel for both parties are identified along with their roles and responsibilities for coordination.
The purpose of this paper two fold. First and foremost it presents a background narrative on the origins, innovations and applications of novel structural automation technologies and the rarity of experts involved in research, development and practice of this field. The second part of this paper presents a rudimentary framework for a solution addressing this paucity – the creation of an interdisciplinary academic program at PAAET that will be the first ever in the region to address applied information communication technologies ICT in the design, planning, engineering and management of structural automation projects. In doing so, we need also to define the level of implementation. This field, as all fields in ICT, have been loosely defined and most applications carry less weight in its implementation than what should be applied. This paper gives an attempt to define an indexing scheme by which we can easily classify such implementation and generate a ranking by which we can safely define its level of ―Intelligence‖.International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document provides implementation tips and potential metrics for ISO/IEC 27001 and 27002. It covers tips and metrics for each control objective in ISO/IEC 27002 sections 4 through 15. The tips are meant to help others implementing the ISO information security standards in their organization. The document is collaboratively created and copyrighted but licensed for sharing and derivative works.
Running Head SECURITY MODEL 1SECURITY MODEL 7.docxjeanettehully
Running Head: SECURITY MODEL 1
SECURITY MODEL 7
SECURITY MODEL
Institution Affiliation
Student Name
Date
Abstract
The concept of trusted computing has been in existence for a very long time. It has had an influence on security systems and solutions. In this paper, I will explain the history of TCB. Ways to implement trusted base computing. I will also explain some of the barriers and how to bypass them.
Introduction
The trusted computing base contains hardware, firmware and software that are essential in establishing as well as maintaining security. Moreover, it also includes an operating system with all specific system hardware, in-built security control, software and network hardware, (Ranganathan, 2017). When designing a trusted computing base provision such as access control, giving privileges, user authentication support, authorization of particular processes or systems, backing up information and protection against viruses and malware. It is the responsibility of a trusted computing base to maintain the integrity and confidentiality of information. It monitors the input and output operations.
History
In December 1985, the United States Department of Defense put out the trusted computing system evaluating criteria that well-defined TCB. TCB can be understood when it performs as a centralized, trusted entity, (Scott-Nash, et al., 2016). The structures that get the uppermost level security accredited and certification have a centralized system design. The TCSEC accepted the view of peer trusted nodes describing them as members of the NTCB which protects the network system including the firmware, software and hardware. This combination is responsible for enforcing a security policy.
How is the model implemented?
TCB contains four security mechanisms, including authentication and identification, auditing, labelling and security policy. In order to understand how TCB is implemented and work. Let’s take the example of a bank—one of the most trusted icons in society today. When we make deposits, the money is recorded and safeguarded. It will be available when we want it back. We hardly consider the security mechanism in the back since we trust the banking system. All the mechanisms of TCB are in place. Before withdrawing money from the account, one is required to identify and authenticate themselves to the teller with the account number and signature. There is also discretionary access control that is who is authorized to withdraw money from the account. There are very few clerical problems since all the transactions that take place are audited. In development, the environment has to enforce the security model. Other concepts that are used when developing TCB include memory protection and handle, (Noorman, et al., 2019). This falls under the NIST requirement for assurance. When implementing TCB, it is essential to ensure that the application meets the basic requirements of NIST.
Barriers
The first barr ...
Running Head SECURITY MODEL 1SECURITY MODEL 7.docxtodd521
Running Head: SECURITY MODEL 1
SECURITY MODEL 7
SECURITY MODEL
Institution Affiliation
Student Name
Date
Abstract
The concept of trusted computing has been in existence for a very long time. It has had an influence on security systems and solutions. In this paper, I will explain the history of TCB. Ways to implement trusted base computing. I will also explain some of the barriers and how to bypass them.
Introduction
The trusted computing base contains hardware, firmware and software that are essential in establishing as well as maintaining security. Moreover, it also includes an operating system with all specific system hardware, in-built security control, software and network hardware, (Ranganathan, 2017). When designing a trusted computing base provision such as access control, giving privileges, user authentication support, authorization of particular processes or systems, backing up information and protection against viruses and malware. It is the responsibility of a trusted computing base to maintain the integrity and confidentiality of information. It monitors the input and output operations.
History
In December 1985, the United States Department of Defense put out the trusted computing system evaluating criteria that well-defined TCB. TCB can be understood when it performs as a centralized, trusted entity, (Scott-Nash, et al., 2016). The structures that get the uppermost level security accredited and certification have a centralized system design. The TCSEC accepted the view of peer trusted nodes describing them as members of the NTCB which protects the network system including the firmware, software and hardware. This combination is responsible for enforcing a security policy.
How is the model implemented?
TCB contains four security mechanisms, including authentication and identification, auditing, labelling and security policy. In order to understand how TCB is implemented and work. Let’s take the example of a bank—one of the most trusted icons in society today. When we make deposits, the money is recorded and safeguarded. It will be available when we want it back. We hardly consider the security mechanism in the back since we trust the banking system. All the mechanisms of TCB are in place. Before withdrawing money from the account, one is required to identify and authenticate themselves to the teller with the account number and signature. There is also discretionary access control that is who is authorized to withdraw money from the account. There are very few clerical problems since all the transactions that take place are audited. In development, the environment has to enforce the security model. Other concepts that are used when developing TCB include memory protection and handle, (Noorman, et al., 2019). This falls under the NIST requirement for assurance. When implementing TCB, it is essential to ensure that the application meets the basic requirements of NIST.
Barriers
The first barr.
This paper deals with the risk assessment of different types of electronics and mobile payment systems as well as the countermeasures to mitigate the identified risk in various electronics and mobile payment synthesis.
11What is Security 1.1 Introduction The central role of co.docxmoggdede
1
1
What is Security? 1.1 Introduction
The central role of computer security for the working of the economy, the defense of the country, and the protection of our individual privacy is universally acknowledged today. This is a relatively recent development; it has resulted from the rapid deployment of Internet technologies in all fields of human endeavor and throughout the world that started at the beginning of the 1990s. Mainframe computers have handled secret military information and personal computers have stored private data from the very beginning of their existence in the mid-1940s and 1980s, respectively. However, security was not a crucial issue in either case: the information could mostly be protected in the old-fashioned way, by physically locking up the computer and checking the trustworthiness of the people who worked on it through background checks and screening procedures. What has radically changed and made the physical and administrative approaches to computer security insufficient is the interconnectedness of computers and information systems. Highly sensitive economic, financial, military, and personal information is stored and processed in a global network that spans countries, governments, businesses, organizations, and individuals. Securing this cyberspace is synonymous with securing the normal functioning of our daily lives.
Secure information systems must work reliably despite random errors, disturbances, and malicious attacks. Mechanisms incorporating security measures are not just hard to design and implement but can also backfire by decreasing efficiency, sometimes to the point of making the system unusable. This is why some programmers used to look at security mechanisms as an unfortunate nuisance; they require more work, do not add new functionality, and slow down the application and thus decrease usability. The situation is similar when adding security at the hardware, network, or organizational level: increased security makes the system clumsier and less fun to use; just think of the current airport security checks and contrast them to the happy (and now so distant) pre–September 11, 2001 memories of buying your ticket right before boarding the plane. Nonetheless, systems must work, and they must be secure; thus, there is a fine balance to maintain between the level of security on one side and the efficiency and usability of the system on the other. One can argue that there are three key attributes of information systems:
Processing capacity—speed
Convenience—user friendliness
Secure—reliable operation
The process of securing these systems is finding an acceptable balance of these attributes. 1.2 The Subject of Security
Security is a word used to refer to many things, so its use has become somewhat ambiguous. Here we will try to clarify just what security focuses on. Over the years, the subject of information security has been considered from a number of perspectives, as a concept, a function, and ...
Dynamic Fine-grained Access Control and Multi-Field Keyword Search in Cloud B...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a new system called Dynamic Fine-grained Access Control and Multi-Field Keyword Search (DFAC_MKS) for cloud-based electronic health records (EHRs) that allows for dynamic updating of access policies and keywords over encrypted data. It aims to achieve efficient access policy and keyword updates without compromising data security, while supporting multi-field keyword searches in conjunctive normal form. The system model involves data owners uploading encrypted EHR files and indices to a cloud server. An authority authenticates users and issues credentials representing their attribute values. Users generate search capabilities from their credentials and queries to retrieve matching files from the cloud server.
· THE INDUSTRY AND THE COMPANY AND ITS PRODUCT(S) OR SERVICE(S)A.docxoswald1horne84988
· THE INDUSTRY AND THE COMPANY AND ITS PRODUCT(S) OR SERVICE(S)
A. The industry.- Tamara
B. The company and the concept- Tamara
C. The product(s) or service(s).- Tamara
D. Entry and growth strategy.- Arturo
· MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
A. Customers.- Richard
B. Market size and trends.- Arturo
C. Competition and competitive edges.- Arturo
D. Estimated market share and sales.- Richard
E. Ongoing market evaluation.- Richard
· MARKETING PLAN
A. Overall marketing strategy.- Ryan
B. Pricing.- Ryan
C. Sales tactics.- Ryan
D. Service and warranty policies.- Ade
E. Advertising and promotion.- Ade
F. Distribution.- Ade
Deadline sent to Team Fileshare due- Saturday of each week by 4p.
Team Members in attendance-
Ryan, Richard, Arturo, Tamara, Ade
I. System Design Principles
A network system is a collection of integrated components that works together, to
achieve a common objective. A system design is a process of defining the system architecture,
modules, interfaces, data, and components of a system, to a specified requirement.
Design principles describe the procedures that software developers, system analyst, and
system architect designers, create through the distribution of colors, texture, and the weight of
objects. This union describes the use of assets, so that there is a structured and stable system
design, including system appearance, and security against unauthorized access. Security design
principles are essential when designing any system to make sure security and integrity is tamper
proof.
Various security design principles exist and designed by the system developer, listed
below include security design principles:
1. The Principle of Least Privilege requires the system developers to
limit user access rights to use specific tools and informatio n in a system, this
privilege gives rights to access data and applications, only to special users, with
limited access to other users.
The orientation of this design principle limits the system from damaging
attacks from users of the system; whether they are intentional or not, it also limits
the changes or damages a user can make on the system, and it reduces interactions
with the system.
2. Fail Safe Defaults Principle administered by the system developer
in charge of security, and authorizes users, to access system resources, based on
granted access, rather than exclusion; this design principle permits, the users, to
access resources, if permission is granted. By default, the users do not have
access, to system resources, until authorization is given. This design principle
prevents unauthorized users, from viewing resources. (Dennis & Wixom, 2000)
3. Defense In-depth Principle is a concept used by system developers
use security layers on system resources. This principle requires users to provide
credentials when accessing a system resource. The security experts because of
the operational results and effectivene.
This document outlines an agenda for discussing computer security policies and procedures. It covers topics such as introducing security policies, network architecture and security services, handling security incidents, ongoing security activities, and resources for security. The introduction defines key terms and outlines a basic approach to developing a security plan. It emphasizes identifying assets, threats, and implementing cost-effective protection measures.
How to Customize Your Financial Reports & Tax Reports With Odoo 17 AccountingCeline George
The Accounting module in Odoo 17 is a complete tool designed to manage all financial aspects of a business. Odoo offers a comprehensive set of tools for generating financial and tax reports, which are crucial for managing a company's finances and ensuring compliance with tax regulations.
Exploring Substances:
Acidic, Basic, and
Neutral
Welcome to the fascinating world of acids and bases! Join siblings Ashwin and
Keerthi as they explore the colorful world of substances at their school's
National Science Day fair. Their adventure begins with a mysterious white paper
that reveals hidden messages when sprayed with a special liquid.
In this presentation, we'll discover how different substances can be classified as
acidic, basic, or neutral. We'll explore natural indicators like litmus, red rose
extract, and turmeric that help us identify these substances through color
changes. We'll also learn about neutralization reactions and their applications in
our daily lives.
by sandeep swamy
pulse ppt.pptx Types of pulse , characteristics of pulse , Alteration of pulsesushreesangita003
what is pulse ?
Purpose
physiology and Regulation of pulse
Characteristics of pulse
factors affecting pulse
Sites of pulse
Alteration of pulse
for BSC Nursing 1st semester
for Gnm Nursing 1st year
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How to manage Multiple Warehouses for multiple floors in odoo point of saleCeline George
The need for multiple warehouses and effective inventory management is crucial for companies aiming to optimize their operations, enhance customer satisfaction, and maintain a competitive edge.
As of Mid to April Ending, I am building a new Reiki-Yoga Series. No worries, they are free workshops. So far, I have 3 presentations so its a gradual process. If interested visit: https://www.slideshare.net/YogaPrincess
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Blessings and Happy Spring. We are hitting Mid Season.
Odoo Inventory Rules and Routes v17 - Odoo SlidesCeline George
Odoo's inventory management system is highly flexible and powerful, allowing businesses to efficiently manage their stock operations through the use of Rules and Routes.
A measles outbreak originating in West Texas has been linked to confirmed cases in New Mexico, with additional cases reported in Oklahoma and Kansas. The current case count is 817 from Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas. 97 individuals have required hospitalization, and 3 deaths, 2 children in Texas and one adult in New Mexico. These fatalities mark the first measles-related deaths in the United States since 2015 and the first pediatric measles death since 2003.
The YSPH Virtual Medical Operations Center Briefs (VMOC) were created as a service-learning project by faculty and graduate students at the Yale School of Public Health in response to the 2010 Haiti Earthquake. Each year, the VMOC Briefs are produced by students enrolled in Environmental Health Science Course 581 - Public Health Emergencies: Disaster Planning and Response. These briefs compile diverse information sources – including status reports, maps, news articles, and web content– into a single, easily digestible document that can be widely shared and used interactively. Key features of this report include:
- Comprehensive Overview: Provides situation updates, maps, relevant news, and web resources.
- Accessibility: Designed for easy reading, wide distribution, and interactive use.
- Collaboration: The “unlocked" format enables other responders to share, copy, and adapt seamlessly. The students learn by doing, quickly discovering how and where to find critical information and presenting it in an easily understood manner.
CURRENT CASE COUNT: 817 (As of 05/3/2025)
• Texas: 688 (+20)(62% of these cases are in Gaines County).
• New Mexico: 67 (+1 )(92.4% of the cases are from Eddy County)
• Oklahoma: 16 (+1)
• Kansas: 46 (32% of the cases are from Gray County)
HOSPITALIZATIONS: 97 (+2)
• Texas: 89 (+2) - This is 13.02% of all TX cases.
• New Mexico: 7 - This is 10.6% of all NM cases.
• Kansas: 1 - This is 2.7% of all KS cases.
DEATHS: 3
• Texas: 2 – This is 0.31% of all cases
• New Mexico: 1 – This is 1.54% of all cases
US NATIONAL CASE COUNT: 967 (Confirmed and suspected):
INTERNATIONAL SPREAD (As of 4/2/2025)
• Mexico – 865 (+58)
‒Chihuahua, Mexico: 844 (+58) cases, 3 hospitalizations, 1 fatality
• Canada: 1531 (+270) (This reflects Ontario's Outbreak, which began 11/24)
‒Ontario, Canada – 1243 (+223) cases, 84 hospitalizations.
• Europe: 6,814
How to Manage Opening & Closing Controls in Odoo 17 POSCeline George
In Odoo 17 Point of Sale, the opening and closing controls are key for cash management. At the start of a shift, cashiers log in and enter the starting cash amount, marking the beginning of financial tracking. Throughout the shift, every transaction is recorded, creating an audit trail.
This chapter provides an in-depth overview of the viscosity of macromolecules, an essential concept in biophysics and medical sciences, especially in understanding fluid behavior like blood flow in the human body.
Key concepts covered include:
✅ Definition and Types of Viscosity: Dynamic vs. Kinematic viscosity, cohesion, and adhesion.
⚙️ Methods of Measuring Viscosity:
Rotary Viscometer
Vibrational Viscometer
Falling Object Method
Capillary Viscometer
🌡️ Factors Affecting Viscosity: Temperature, composition, flow rate.
🩺 Clinical Relevance: Impact of blood viscosity in cardiovascular health.
🌊 Fluid Dynamics: Laminar vs. turbulent flow, Reynolds number.
🔬 Extension Techniques:
Chromatography (adsorption, partition, TLC, etc.)
Electrophoresis (protein/DNA separation)
Sedimentation and Centrifugation methods.
The ever evoilving world of science /7th class science curiosity /samyans aca...Sandeep Swamy
The Ever-Evolving World of
Science
Welcome to Grade 7 Science4not just a textbook with facts, but an invitation to
question, experiment, and explore the beautiful world we live in. From tiny cells
inside a leaf to the movement of celestial bodies, from household materials to
underground water flows, this journey will challenge your thinking and expand
your knowledge.
Notice something special about this book? The page numbers follow the playful
flight of a butterfly and a soaring paper plane! Just as these objects take flight,
learning soars when curiosity leads the way. Simple observations, like paper
planes, have inspired scientific explorations throughout history.
Title: A Quick and Illustrated Guide to APA Style Referencing (7th Edition)
This visual and beginner-friendly guide simplifies the APA referencing style (7th edition) for academic writing. Designed especially for commerce students and research beginners, it includes:
✅ Real examples from original research papers
✅ Color-coded diagrams for clarity
✅ Key rules for in-text citation and reference list formatting
✅ Free citation tools like Mendeley & Zotero explained
Whether you're writing a college assignment, dissertation, or academic article, this guide will help you cite your sources correctly, confidently, and consistent.
Created by: Prof. Ishika Ghosh,
Faculty.
📩 For queries or feedback: [email protected]
GDGLSPGCOER - Git and GitHub Workshop.pptxazeenhodekar
This presentation covers the fundamentals of Git and version control in a practical, beginner-friendly way. Learn key commands, the Git data model, commit workflows, and how to collaborate effectively using Git — all explained with visuals, examples, and relatable humor.
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5. Table 13.1 Terminology Related to Trust
Trust
The extent to which someone who relies on a system can have confidence that the system
meets its specifications (i.e., that the system does what it claims to do and does not perform
unwanted functions).
Trusted system
A system believed to enforce a given set of attributes to a stated degree of assurance.
Trustworthiness
Assurance that a system deserves to be trusted, such that the trust can be guaranteed in
some convincing way, such as through formal analysis or code review.
Trusted computer system
A system that employs sufficient hardware and software assurance measures to allow its
use for simultaneous processing of a range of sensitive or classified information.
Trusted computing base (TCB)
A portion of a system that enforces a particular policy. The TCB must be resistant to
tampering and circumvention. The TCB should be small enough to be analyzed systematically.
Assurance
A process that ensures a system is developed and operated as intended by the system's
security policy.
Evaluation
Assessing whether the product has the security properties claimed for it.
Functionality
The security features provided by a product.
6. Table 13.2 RBAC Elements
U, a set of users
R and AR, disjoint sets of (regular) roles and administrative roles
P and AP, disjoint sets of (regular) permissions and administrative permissions
S, a set of sessions
PA P R , a many-to-many permission to role assignment relation
APA AP AR, a many-to-many permission to administrative role assignment relation
UA U R , a many-to-many user to role assignment relation
AUA U AR, a many-to-many user to administrative role assignment relation
RH R R , a partially ordered role hierarchy
ARH AR AR, partially ordered administrative role hierarchy
(both hierarchies are written as ≥ in infix notation)
user : S → U, a function mapping each session si to the single user user(si) (constant for the
session's lifetime)
roles : S → 2RAR maps each session si to a set of roles and administrative roles
roles(si) { r | (r' ≥ r)[( user(si), r') UA AUA]} (which can change with time)
session si has the permissions r roles(si){p | (r'' ≤ r) PA APA]}
There is a collection of constraints stipulating which values of the various components
enumerated above are allowed or forbidden.
7. Table 13.3 CC Security Functional Requirements
Class Description
Audit Involves recognizing, recording, storing and analyzing information
related to security activities. Audit records are produced by these
activities, and can be examined to determine their security relevance.
Cryptographic support Used when the TOE implements cryptographic functions. These may be
used, for example, to support communications, identification and
authentication, or data separation.
Communications Provides two families concerned with nonrepudiation by the originator
and by the recipient of data.
User data protection Specifies requirements relating to the protection of user data within the
TOE during import, export, and storage, in addition to security
attributes related to user data.
Identification and
authentication
Ensure the unambiguous identification of authorized users and the
correct association of security attributes with users and subjects.
Security management Specifies the management of security attributes, data and functions.
Privacy Provides a user with protection against discovery and misuse of his or
her identity by other users.
Protection of the TOE
security functions
Focused on protection of TSF (TOE security functions) data, rather than
of user data. The class relates to the integrity and management of the
TSF mechanisms and data.
Resource utilization Supports the availability of required resources, such as processing
capability and storage capacity. Includes requirements for fault
tolerance, priority of service, and resource allocation.
TOE access Specifies functional requirements, in addition to those specified for
identification and authentication, for controlling the establishment of a
user’s session. The requirements for TOE access govern such things as
limiting the number and scope of user sessions, displaying the access
history, and modifying of access parameters.
Trusted path/channels Concerned with trusted communications paths between the users and
the TSF and between TSFs.
8. Table 13.4 CC Security Assurance Requirements
Class Description
Configuration
management
Requires that the integrity of the TOE is adequately preserved.
Specifically, configuration management provides confidence that the
TOE and documentation used for evaluation are the ones prepared for
distribution.
Delivery and
operation
Concerned with the measures, procedures, and standards for secure
delivery, installation, and operational use of the TOE, to ensure that the
security protection offered by the TOE is not compromised during these
events.
Development Concerned with the refinement of the TSF from the specification
defined in the ST to the implementation, and a mapping from the
security requirements to the lowest level representation.
Guidance documents Concerned with the secure operational use of the TOE, by the users and
administrators.
Life cycle support Concerned with the life cycle of the TOE include life cycle definition,
tools and techniques, security of the development environment, and
remediation of flaws found by TOE consumers.
Tests Concerned with demonstrating that the TOE meets its functional
requirements. The families address coverage and depth of developer
testing, and requirements for independent testing.
Vulnerability
assessment
Defines requirements directed at the identification of exploitable
vulnerabilities, which could be introduced by construction, operation,
misuse or incorrect configuration of the TOE. The families identified
here are concerned with identifying vulnerabilities through covert
channel analysis, analyzing the configuration of the TOE, examining the
strength of mechanisms of the security functions, and identifying flaws
introduced during development of the TOE. The second family covers
the security categorization of TOE components. The third and fourth
cover the analysis of changes for security impact, and the provision of
evidence that procedures are being followed. This class provides
building blocks for the establishment of assurance maintenance
schemes.
Assurance
maintenance
Provides requirements that are intended to be applied after a TOE has
been certified against the CC. These requirements are aimed at assuring
that the TOE will continue to meet its security target as changes are
made to the TOE or its environment.
10. protesting she would write to her papa to take her home, for that
she wasn’t accustomed to living in haunted houses. At last,
becoming aware of their deshabille, the young ladies decamped up-
stairs to don more becoming garments, and talk over, in the privacy
of their own apartments, the ghost and the mysterious rapping.
Mrs. Moodie, recovering her presence of mind and dignity, with the
coming of daylight, resolved to lose no time in having the matter
fully investigated. Her first act was to have the house searched from
top to bottom, and the young ladies willingly engaging in the search,
every corner, cranny and crevice, from attic to cellar, was thoroughly
examined. Had a needle been lost it must have been found, but no
trace of last night’s visitor could be discovered.
“Oh, it’s no use looking; it was a ghost!” exclaimed Miss Sharpe.
“Oh, yes, it was a ghost! It must have been a ghost!” echoed all the
young ladies simultaneously.
“But ghosts always come in though a key-hole—at least the ghosts
up our way do,” said Pet; “so where was the use of its knocking and
making such a fuss last night.”
No one felt themselves qualified to answer the questions, so the
hunt was given over, and the hunters, in much disorder, were told
they might amuse themselves in the play-ground that morning,
instead of reciting, as usual. The teachers did not feel themselves
able to pursue their customary avocations until some light had been
thrown upon the mystery.
Then Mrs. Moodie put on her bonnet and shawl, and went out
without any definite object in view unless it was to see if the ghost
had left any clue to its whereabouts on the street. As a very natural
consequence, her eye turned upon the huge brass knocker that had
been so instrumental in last night’s din; and from it, to her surprise,
she beheld a long, stout cord dangling. Petronilla, of course, in
cutting the string, could not reach down to sever it, and a half-yard
or so still waved in triumph in the morning air.
11. Mrs. Moodie, though a fine lady, was sharp and “wide awake,” and in
this cord she perceived some clue to the affair of the previous night.
As she still gazed on it in the same way as a detective might, at the
evidence of some secret crime, the young girl who had given Pet the
cord passed through the hall and paused to look at the open door
which Mrs. Moodie was so intently surveying. Her eye fell on the
cord; she started, took a step forward, looking puzzled and
surprised.
“It was no spirit, you see, that was rapping last night, Miss Hughes,”
said Mrs. Moodie, sharply; “this cord has had something to do with
it.”
“Why, that cord is mine—or rather was,” said the young lady,
examining it; “we used to use it in our room for hanging pocket-
handkerchiefs and collars to dry on.”
“Yours, Miss Hughes,” said Mrs. Moodie, facing round with an angry
light rising in her eyes.
“It was mine, madam; I gave it last evening to the new pupil, Miss
Lawless.”
“To Miss Lawless?”
“Yes, madam, when we were in the dormitory last night, she asked
me for a string, and I brought her this, having no other; she has cut
it, I see.”
“What did Miss Lawless want of it—do you know?”
“I do not know; she did not say; it is very strange how it can have
got here.”
A new light suddenly flashed through the mind of Mrs. Moodie. She
recollected what Pet’s father had told her of the mischief-loving
propensities of that young lady. What if all her meekness and docility
had been assumed! She glanced up at the window beside Pet’s bed,
and instantaneously the whole truth dawned upon her.
12. And then a change most wonderful to see came over the features of
Mrs. Moodie. Dark and stern, and determined, she turned from the
door, untied the cord, and marched directly into the house.
“Miss Hughes,” she said, curtly, “go and tell all the teachers and
pupils to assemble in the school-room at once. I think I have found
out the origin of the disturbance now.”
Wondering and perplexed, Miss Hughes went and delivered her
message; and on fire with eager curiosity, a universal rush was
made for the classe, and in silent expectation they waited for the
coming of Mrs. Moodie.
They had not long to wait. With a hard, metallic tramp, that
announced her state of mind, that lady rustled in, and in ominous
silence took her seat, motioning the others to resume theirs with a
wave of her hand.
Every eye was bent upon her in silent awe, as they noticed her stiff,
rigid sternness. Her eye passed over the rest, and like a hound
scenting his prey, fixed itself piercingly on Pet.
“Miss Lawless,” she said, in a stern, measured tone, “come here.”
“Stars and stripes!” ejaculated Pet, inwardly, as she rose to obey;
“can she have found me out so soon? Oh, Pet Lawless, maybe you
ain’t in for it now!”
All eyes were now turned in silent amazement on Pet. Slowly Mrs.
Moodie thrust her hand in her pocket, still sternly transfixing Pet with
her eyes, and drew out—a piece of cord!
At the sight, all Pet’s doubts were removed; she was discovered.
Then all personal apprehensions vanished, her perverse spirit rose,
and bold, dauntless and daring she stood before her stern judge—
her straight, lithe form defiantly erect, her malicious black eyes
dancing with fun.
“Miss Lawless, do you know anything of this?” demanded Mrs.
Moodie, holding it up.
“Slightly acquainted,” said Pet; “saw it last night for the first time.”
13. “Will you be kind enough to state for what purpose you borrowed
it?”
“Yes’m, to have some fun with.”
“Fun! pray be a little more explicit, Miss Lawless. Was it you that tied
it to the door, last night?”
“Yes’m.”
“And by that means you knocked at the door, and created all the
alarm and confusion that so terrified us all,” said Mrs. Moodie with a
rapidly darkening brow.
“Yes’m,” said Pet, loudly, nothing daunted.
A low murmur of surprise and horror, at this atrocious confession ran
round the room.
“And what was your design in thus throwing the household into
terror and consternation, Miss Lawless?”
“I told you before—just for fun,” said Pet, coolly.
Mrs. Moodie compressed her lips, and though her sallow face was
dark with suppressed anger, she remained outwardly calm. Low
murmurs of amazement, anger and indignation ran through the
room; but Pet stood upright, bold and defiant before them all, as
though she had done nothing whatever to be ashamed of.
“Perhaps, then, since you are so fond of practical jokes, you were
the ghost Miss Sharpe saw, likewise,” said Mrs. Moodie.
“Yes, I was,” said Pet, darting a flashing glance at that lady, who sat
listening, with hand and eyes uplifted in horror.
“No, she wasn’t,” said Miss Sharpe; “the one I saw was all on fire.”
“Silence, Miss Sharpe! leave the matter to me,” said Mrs. Moodie,
sternly. Then turning to Pet: “Since you are so candid, Miss Lawless,
will you inform me in what manner you rendered yourself so frightful
an object?”
14. “Yes, it was easy enough,” said Pet. “I just rubbed some
phosphureted ether on my hands and face. It shone in the dark and
scared her; and that was all I wanted.”
A profound silence for one moment reigned throughout the room.
Every one sat, overwhelmed, looking at each other as though unable
to credit what they heard.
“And what evil motive had you in terrifying us so?” resumed Mrs.
Moodie, after a pause.
“I hadn’t any evil motive. I just wanted fun, I tell you. Papa sent me
here, and I didn’t want to come, but I had to; so, as it was horrid
dull here, I thought I’d just amuse myself scaring you all, and I can’t
see where was the harm either! I’ve always been used to do as I
like, and this ain’t no circumstance to what’s to come next!” And
Pet’s flashing eyes blazed open defiance.
Mrs. Moodie rose from her seat, her sallow complexion almost white
with anger, her sharp eyes bright with an angry light.
“Some one else will have a voice in this matter, Miss Lawless. Had I
been aware of the sort of girl you were, rest assured that, much as I
respect your father, you should never have entered here. In all my
experience it has never been my misfortune to encounter so much
depravity in one so young. I shall instantly write to your father to
come and take you home, for no inducement could persuade me to
allow you to become a member of this establishment. You will
consider yourself expelled, Miss Lawless, and must leave the house
as soon as your father can come to take you home.”
“Well, I’m sure I’m glad of it,” said Pet, impatiently; “for of all the
stupid old holes I ever saw, this is the worst! I wouldn’t be paid to
stay here—no, not if you were to make me President to-morrow for
it.”
“No such inducement is likely to be offered, Miss Lawless. Your
presence here, I can assure you, is not coveted. Miss Sharpe, take
this young lady to one of the spare rooms, and remain there to
15. watch her until her father comes and removes her. Young ladies, you
will now resume your studies as usual.”
And with a frigid bow, Mrs. Moodie swept from the room, leaving all
behind her lost in a maze of wonder and indignation.
Miss Sharpe, with her little eyes glistening, approached and took Pet
by the shoulder, to lead her from the room, but Pet angrily jerked
herself free from her hated touch, and exclaimed:
“Let me alone! I can walk without your help. Go ahead and I’ll
follow, but keep your hands to yourself.”
Miss Sharpe, finding herself foiled even in the moment of victory,
walked sullenly on, and Pet, with head up and elbows squared,
tripped after her to the solitude of “one of the spare rooms,” where
every amusement was debarred her but that of making faces at Miss
Sharpe.
An hour after, a long epistle, detailing in glowing colors Pet’s wicked
actions of the night before, was dispatched by Mrs. Moodie to Judge
Lawless.
The result of it was, that the evening of the second day after, that
gentleman arrived, nearly beside himself with rage.
Then Mrs. Moodie recapitulated the whole affair, and ended by
protesting that no amount of money could prevail upon her to keep
so vicious a child in her school another day. All her pupils would
become depraved by her example; and the result would be, their
parents would take them home, and thus she would lose her school.
Judge Lawless haughtily replied she need be under no apprehension,
for he would instantly take his daughter home.
Pet was accordingly dressed, her baggage packed up, and brought
down to her father.
With all her boldness she yielded for a moment as she met his eye.
But without one single word of comment, he motioned her to
precede him into the carriage; and in silence they started.
16. During the whole journey home, the judge never condescended to
open his mouth or address her a single word. Pet, just as well
pleased to be left to herself, leaned back in the carriage to meditate
new mischief when she would get home.
But Miss Petronilla Lawless soon found she was not quite so much
her own mistress as she thought.
The evening of the second day brought them to Judestown. As they
passed the village, entered the forest road, and came within sight of
old Barrens Cottage, Pet began to think of Ray and wonder how he
was, and if it would be safe to ask her father to let her go in and
see.
One glance at that gentleman’s face, however, convinced her that it
would not be safe, and that prudence was by far the safest plan just
then. Hoping Erminie might be at the door as she passed, she thrust
her head out of the carriage window, when her father silently caught
her by the shoulder, pulled her back with no gentle hand, and shut
down the blind.
Then the very demon of defiance sprung into the eyes of the elf;
and facing round, she was about to begin a harangue more spirited
then respectful; but something in the cold, stern, steely eye bent on
her quenched the indignant light in her own and she sulkily relapsed
into silence, thinking a “dumb devil” would be more agreeable to her
father just then than a talking one.
Ranty was out on the veranda, walking up and down with his hands
in his pockets and whistling “Yankee Doodle.” Pet favored him with a
nod as she tripped into the house, while Ranty’s eyes grew as large
as two full moons in his amazement. Darting after her, he caught her
by the arm as she was entering the door and exclaimed:
“I say, Pet; what in the world brings you home again? I thought you
were gone to school!”
“So I was.”
“Then why are you here?”
17. “Finished my education. Told you I would in a week,” said Pet, with a
nod.
“Randolph, go off and mind your business, sir,” exclaimed his father,
sternly. “Here—this way, you.”
So saying he caught Pet by the shoulder, and unceremoniously drew
her after him, upstairs into the library. Then shutting the door, he
threw himself into his arm-chair, and folding his arms across his
chest, favored Pet with an awful look.
Miss Lawless, standing erect before him, bore this appalling stare
without blushing.
“Well, and what do you think of yourself now, Miss Petronilla
Lawless?” was the first question he deigned to ask her since their
meeting.
“Just what I did before,” said Pet, nothing daunted.
“And what may that be, pray?” said her father, with an icy sneer.
“Why, that I’m a real smart little girl, and can keep my word like a
man! I said I’d finish my education and be back in a week, and—
here I am.”
A dark frown settled on the brow of the judge, as he listened to this
audacious reply; but, maintaining an outer semblance of calmness,
he asked:
“And how have you determined to spend your time for the future,
Miss Lawless?”
“Just as I did before—riding round and visiting my friends.”
A chilling smile settled on the lips of the judge.
“So that is your intention, is it? Well, now hear mine. Since you will
neither stay at school nor behave yourself as a young lady should
when at home, I shall sell your pony and procure you a tutor who
will be your teacher and guard at the same time. Whenever you
move from the house, either he or I will accompany you; and I shall
18. take proper steps to prevent your visiting any of those you call your
friends. You will find, Miss Lawless, I am not to be disobeyed with
impunity in the future. Perhaps, after a time, if I find you docile and
attentive to my orders, I may forget your past misconduct and
restore you some of your privileges again. This, however, will entirely
depend on the manner in which you conduct yourself. I have already
a gentleman in view who will undertake the office of tutor, and until
he comes I shall have you locked in your room and your meals
brought up to you. Not a word, Miss Lawless. I have borne with your
impertinence too long, and you will now find I can adopt a different
course. Solitude will cool your blood, I trust, and bring you to your
senses.”
So saying, the judge calmly arose, rung the bell and then reseated
himself.
You should have seen how Pet stormed and raved, and scolded,
then, vowing she would kill herself; she would jump out of the
window; she would set the house afire and burn them all in their
beds; she would have no tutor; she would murder him if he came.
The judge listened to all this with the most perfect indifference, until
the entrance of a negress put an end to the scene.
“Take Miss Petronilla up-stairs to the attic, and lock her in,” was the
judge’s command.
But he soon found this was easier said than done; for, seizing a
small chair, Pet brandished it over her head, and threatened instant
annihilation to the first who would come near her.
The judge arose, and with a sudden snatch caught hold of it. Pet
clung to it like a hero, scolding and vociferating at the top of her
lungs still; but she was as a fly in her father’s grasp, and she was
speedily disarmed and pinned.
“I will bring her up myself. Stand out of the way, Dele,” said the
judge.
19. Holding her firmly, the judge drew her with him up-stairs, opened
the attic door, thrust her in, locked it, and left Miss Pet in solitude
and darkness, and to her own reflections.
There was no window in the attic, so her threat of casting herself
from it went for naught. As for her other threats, the judge paid
about as much attention to them as he would to the buzzing of a fly
on the window. He then mounted his horse, and rode off having
given orders that Miss Petronilla’s meals should be regularly brought
to her, but on no condition should she be allowed to get out.
Pet, for once fairly conquered, sat down, determined to do
something desperate; and in this frame of mind she was discovered
by Ranty, who, hearing of her melancholy fate, came up-stairs and
took his station outside the door.
“Hillo, Pet!” he began.
“Hillo, yourself,” replied Pet, sulkily.
“You’re locked up—ain’t you?” went on Ranty.
“Where’s your eyes? Can’t you see I am?” snapped Pet.
“Well, you know it serves you right,” said Ranty, by way of
consolation, as he took out a jack-knife and began to whittle.
“Oh! if I was only out at him,” muttered Pet, between her teeth.
“You haven’t seen Erminie since you came home, I suppose,” said
Ranty.
“No, I haven’t! You know very well I haven’t,” said Pet, crossly.
“How’s Ray?”
“Oh, he’s first-rate—up and about. His wound didn’t amount to
much. I’m going over there now; got any message to send?”
“No; only to bid them good-by. I never expect to see any of them
again,” said Pet, with a deep groan.
“Why, where are you going?” asked Ranty, in surprise.
“To commit suicide. Do you know if choking hurts much, Ranty?”
20. “Can’t say—never tried it. If it’s an easy death, just let me know
when you’ve done it. I’m off.” And Ranty decamped, whistling; and
Pet was left locked up in the garret.
CHAPTER XXIII.
THE ADOPTED DAUGHTER.
“A brow whose frowns are vastly grand
And eye of star-lit brightness:
A swan-like neck, and arm and hand
Of most bewitching whiteness.”
—Praed.
And now, reader, are you willing to retrace your steps with me, and
go back to those we left behind, long ago, in England?
The sudden death of the Earl De Courcy fell heavily on the hearts of
Lord Villiers and Lady Maude; but they mourned as those on whom
the heaviest blow Fate can bestow has already fallen, and all other
griefs seemed light in comparison.
The servants spoke of the dark, shrouded figure who had been seen
to enter but never depart; but as it was evident the earl had died,
and not been murdered, no suspicion was attached to this. And so,
with stately pomp and ceremony, Hugh Seyton, fourth Earl De
Courcy, was laid to rest in the family vault, and Lord Villiers took the
title, and was now fifth Earl De Courcy.
In the bustle of the funeral, and the duties of his elevated station he
found means to withdraw his mind at times from the loss of his
child; but his lovely countess mourned still, and “would not be
comforted.”
21. Had she been assured of Erminie’s death, she would have grieved, it
is true: but not as she grieved now. Had she beheld her beautiful
child laid in the grave, she would have mourned; but not with
mourning like this.
What had been her fate? Was she living or dead? into whose hands
had she fallen? What would be her future fate?
Night and day, these thoughts were ever uppermost in her mind,
darkening her very soul with anguish and despair. Enormous rewards
had been offered for the slightest clue to her abductor; for upward
of a year, the keenest detectives in England were put on the track.
But all was in vain. The wide sea rolled between parents and child,
and as well might they looked for last year’s snow as for lost
Erminie. And so at last the search was given up in despair; the
sensation it had created died away; the circumstance was almost
forgotten by all but the bereaved parents. But they—oh! never could
they forget sweet, blue-eyed little Erminie! While the search
continued, Lady Maude had hoped. Day after day passed, and no
tidings were brought her of the lost one; but still she wildly hoped.
Month after month waned away; no trace of her child could be
discovered, and still she madly hoped. Each day she rose with
beating heart, at the thought that perhaps before night sweet
Erminie might be restored. Every passing footstep sent a thrill to her
heart, in the anticipation that it might be the bearer of the glad
tidings. Through all the long, weary months of vain watching and
waiting, she had hoped against hope until the last.
But now—now when the search was given over in despair—came the
full realization of her utter bereavement. Then the mortal anguish
and despair she had long struggled against overwhelmed her soul;
and, hating the sunlight, the glad earth, and bright sky above, she
buried herself in deepest mourning, shut out the light from her
room, and, in silence and darkness, still mourned for her lost one,
and “would not be comforted.”
On the heart of her husband the blow had fallen no less heavily; but
crushing back his bitter sorrow to his own noble heart, he calmed
22. himself to console her. Of all her friends—of all who loved her, she
would admit no one to her presence but him; and folded to his
heart, she sat for hours, day after day, white, still, cold, and silent.
When he left her, she threw herself on her couch, and, in the same
strange stupor, remained there until he came back.
At first, he had permitted Nature to have her way, thinking her
sorrow would be less enduring if left to wear itself out; but when
months and months passed, and no change came, and he saw her
growing whiter and more fragile day after day, he began to think it
was time something else was done to rouse her from this destroying
grief.
“Maude, Maude! this is wrong—this is sinful!” he said, holding her
little wan hands, and looking sadly down into the white, cold face.
“This rebellious murmuring must not be indulged longer. Dearest
Maude, rouse yourself from this trance of despair, and remember our
Erminie is in the hands of One who ‘doeth all for the best.’ He who
noteth even the fall of a sparrow will protect our angel child.”
A shiver, a shadow, a fluttering of the heart, and that was all. No
words came from the pale lips.
“Have faith, sweet wife, and trust in God. Overcome this selfish grief,
and remember there still remain many for you to love—many who
love you. Live for them, my own Maude; live for me; live for the
heaven where our Erminie has gone.”
“Oh, my child! my child! Would to God I had died for thee!” broke in
a passionate cry from the white lips of the mother.
The manly chest of Lord De Courcy rose and fell; the muscles of his
face twitched for a moment convulsively, and his arms strained her
in a closer clasp.
“Our child prays for her mother in heaven. Grieve not for her, dear
love. And am I not left to you still?”
“Oh! it was my fault—it was my fault! I left her alone, helpless and
unprotected, while I was enjoying myself down-stairs. There was no
23. one to watch her—no one to save her. All were gone, and she was
left to perish! Oh, my child! my child!”
No words can describe the agony, the remorse, the undying despair
of her tones, so full of a mother’s utmost woe. Then blessed tears
came to her relief and, bowing her head on her husband’s shoulder,
she wept convulsively.
It was the first time she had shed a tear since the loss of her child.
Lord De Courcy hailed this as a favorable symptom, and permitted
her to weep, undisturbed, until the very violence of her grief had
exhausted itself; and then raising her head, and smoothing back the
dark curls from her high, pale brow, he said, softly:
“My Maude is morbid in her grief. She has nothing to reproach
herself with. Since Heaven willed we should lose one angel it gave
us, is it not our duty to be resigned?”
“Oh! if she had died—if I knew she were sleeping quietly in her
grave, I could be resigned. But this dreadful uncertainty is killing me.
Oh, Ernest! since God gave me two children to love, why has He
decreed I should lose them both?”
It was the first time since her marriage she had spoken of that other
child; and, for one instant, Lord De Courcy’s brow grew dark at the
unpleasant memories it brought back. The shadow was gone as
quickly as it came; and, stooping down, he pressed a kiss on her
brow, as he replied:
“He knows best, love. If He has given us griefs, was He not a
sufferer of sorrow himself? Rouse yourself from this lethargy of grief,
Maude. Does it console you to make those around you wretched?
For, Maude, I can not tell you how much it adds to my grief—how
miserable it makes all those who love you, to see you yield to this
lethargy of despair. Do you think I do not feel the loss of our
beautiful child? And yet, Maude, I do not give way to this utter
abandon of despair, because I know it is positively wrong. There is a
sort of luxury in yielding to grief, and permitting it to have its way;
24. but it is an essentially selfish luxury; and I trust my Maude will view
it in its proper light, and pray for a more Christian spirit.”
“Forgive me, my husband,” she softly murmured. “Bear with me a
little longer. I know I am weak and rebellious; but oh! there never
was sorrow like unto mine!”
But from that day, a change was manifest in Lady Maude. Loving her
husband with almost adoring worship, for his sake she strove to
shake off the “luxury of grief” he had spoken of, and resume her
place in the world as before. At first, the trial was hard—almost too
hard for her to bear, but his pleasant smile, his thrilling whisper of
thanks, the earnest pressure of his hand, told her her efforts were
understood and appreciated, and more than rewarded her for the
sacrifice she had made.
And thus five years glided away, unmarked by any event worth
recording.
The young Earl De Courcy as a statesman and politician, had
become a demigod with the public, and one of the leading men of
the day. In the whirl of busy life, in the maelstrom of politics, little
Erminie was not forgotten, but her memory had grown to be a
sweet, haunting shadow of the past—a tender, beautiful recollection,
that came to him like a strain of sweet music heard amid the
discordant crash and din of the busy world. He thought of her now
as an angel-visitant, sent to smile on him for a moment, and then
taken back to the heaven from which she had come, to pray for him
there.
The intense sorrow of the Countess De Courcy had also been
subdued and rendered far less poignant by time. She too, had been
obliged, by her elevated position, to resume that place in the
fashionable world she was so well fitted to fill. But when in the
glittering assembly, the brilliant ball, the gorgeous pageant, was
sweet, lost Erminie forgotten? Never? Outwardly, that one great
sorrow had left its traces still in the deeper pallor of the lovely face,
in the subdued light of the large, melancholy dark eyes, in the soft,
25. tender smile that seemed something holy as it hovered around the
sweet, beautiful lips. It had made her a gentler, better woman, with
a heart ever melting at the cry of distress, with a hand ever ready to
relieve it. It had humbled her pride; it had elevated her soul; it had
made her gentle, tender, and more saintly then ever before. Her love
for children amounted almost to a passion; those “human flowers,”
as some one prettily calls them, could at any time arrest her
attention, and make her forget all else. Not a child among all the
earl’s tenantry that had not received proof of her affection, in the
shape of creature-comforts and even as she idolized children, so was
she invariably loved by them in return.
The country seat of the De Courcys was a fine old mansion,
embowered in trees, with splendid parks, fine preserves, and
surrounded by beautiful scenery. Here, with their friends, the earl
and countess were in the habit of going each summer, to spend a
few weeks; and here the happiest moments of Lady Maude were
spent, wandering through the dim old woods, where she could
dream, undisturbed, of her lost darling.
Taking her accustomed walk, one day, she was arrested by the loud
cries of a child near. With her sympathies ever enlisted for children,
she glanced quickly in the direction, and beheld a little, infantile-
looking child of two years old apparently, gazing bewildered, and
screaming away at the top of its lungs.
Lady Maude approached, and at a single glance became deeply
interested in this little stray waif.
It was a face of singular beauty that met her eye. A dark olive
complexion, large, brilliant black eyes, coal-black hair that now hung
tangled and disordered over her shoulders. Her little dress was torn,
and her hands and face scratched with brambles. The child was
evidently lost.
Lady Maude approached; and the child, turning to gaze on her, for a
moment ceased her cries. Stooping down, she parted the elf-locks
off the dark little face, and gazed long and earnestly down into the
26. bright eyes that fearlessly met her own. Something in that face
haunted and troubled her; it seemed to her she had seen it before.
Yet that could hardly be; for this was not a face easily forgotten,
when once seen. The longer she looked, the more and more
troubled she grew. It seemed to her she must have seen a face like
this somewhere before, and that it was connected with some dark
memory—what, she could not tell.
The child, with the confiding confidence of infancy, looked up in the
pale, sweet face of the lovely lady, and artlessly lisped:
“Ma mere.“
“French,” murmured Lady Maude, in surprise. “How in the world can
she have come here? Where is ‘mother,’ little one?” she asked, in the
same language.
“Gone away—bad man get Rita,” lisped the little innocent, pulling
Lady Maude’s dress, as if to urge her along.
The countess was at a loss, and perhaps would have gone with the
little one further into the woods, had not one of the earl’s
gamekeepers come up at that instant, and taking off his hat, said:
“Better not venture into the woods, my lady; a gang of gipsies
passed through, last night.” Then catching sight of Rita, as the child
called herself, he burst out in surprise; “Why, bless my soul! here’s
one of ’em!”
“Does this child belong to the gipsies?” asked Lady Maude, who
never could hear the word gipsy without a sudden red light flushing
to her pale cheek.
“Yes, my lady; saw her with them when they passed through, last
night. S’pose she’s got left behind, in a mistake. I don’t believe she’s
one of ’em, though; stole, most likely.”
“Do you think so?” said Lady Maude with interest. “She does not
look unlike a gipsy. Why do you think she has been stolen?”
27. “Why, my lady, if she had been one of themselves, some of the
women would have had her; but nobody seemed to own this one, or
to care about her. I saw one of the men draw her along side of the
head, last night, with a blow that knocked her down. Lord! how my
fingers were itching to do the same to him!”
“Poor little thing!” said Lady Maude, compassionately, folding her in
her arms with a sudden impulse. “Poor little thing! Yes, now I think
of it, it is more than probable she has been stolen, for she cannot
speak English. Carry her to the hall; her poor little feet are all cut
and bleeding, and we can not allow her to perish here.”
The man lifted the child in his arms, and followed the countess to
the hall, where she gave orders to have the little foundling properly
dressed and cared for, before presenting her to the earl. He smiled
as he listened to her story, and followed her to the room where little
Rita, now washed and neatly dressed, sat on the floor playing with
some toys. But as his eyes rested on the dark, brilliant face, the
smile faded away, and a half-puzzled, half-doubtful look took its
place.
“Is she not beautiful, dear Ernest? Does she not remind you of some
bright, rich, tropical flower?” said Lady Maude, in admiration.
“Or some bright-winged, gorgeous little butterfly—yes,” said Lord De
Courcy. “But, Maude, it seems to me—I can not account for it—but it
seems as if I had seen her somewhere before.”
“Oh, my lord! have you, too, observed it?” cried Lady Maude,
breathlessly. “It was the first thing that struck me, too. How very
singular!”
“I suppose she resembles some one we have both known. There is
no accounting for the strange likenesses we see sometimes in total
strangers. Well, what do you intend to do with this little bird of
paradise you have caught?”
“Let her remain here in charge of the housekeeper. I cannot account
for the strange interest I feel in this little one, Ernest.”
28. “I should like to see the child you do not feel an interest in, Maude,”
he said, smiling. “But are there no means of finding out to whom
she belongs? Her parents may be living, and lamenting her loss,
even now, dear wife.”
A sudden shadow fell on them both at his words and the recollection
they recalled. Earl De Courcy’s eyes softened with a tender light as
he gazed on the child’s, and Lady Maude’s were full of tears as she
stooped down and kissed the small, red mouth.
“There are no means of discovering them, Ernest,” she said, half
sadly. “The gipsies are gone; but Martha found a little silver cross
round her neck, on which were engraven the letters ‘M. J. L.’ I have
laid it carefully aside, though I fear her parentage may never be
discovered.”
“Well do as you like with her, dear Maude. The child is certainly very
beautiful. I believe you love all children for our lost treasure’s sake.”
“Oh, I do—I do! my sweet, precious Erminie! Oh, my lord! if this
little one had blue eyes and fair hair like her, I could find it in my
heart to adopt her, for our darling’s sake.”
“You would not let such a trifle as that prevent you, Maude, if you
really wished it. But let the child remain. Rita—that’s her name, isn’t
it?—come here, Rita.”
He held out his arms. Rita looked at him from under her long
eyelashes, and then going over, nestled within them just as Erminie
used to do.
The simple action awoke a host of tender memories that for a
moment nearly unnerved the earl. Rising hastily, he kissed Rita and
left the room. But from that day the little stray waif was an inmate
of the hall, and with every passing day grew more and more deeply
dear to the earl and countess. When they returned to the city, Lady
Maude would not hear of parting with her pet; so Mademoiselle Rita
and her nurse accompanied them; and soon both earl and countess
learned to love her with a love only second to that they had
cherished for little Erminie.
29. And so, without legally adopting her, they learned to look up on her,
as time passed, in the light of a daughter sent to take the place of
the lost one. Rita addressed them by the endearing name of father
and mother; and the world tacitly seemed to take it for granted that
little “Lady Rita” was to be heiress and daughter of Earl De Courcy.
At seven years old, Lady Rita had her governess and commenced
her education. She seemed to have forgotten she ever had any other
father and mother than Lord and Lady De Courcy; and they, quite as
willing she should think so, never undeceived her.
And so, while the lost daughter was living in poverty, in a little
cottage, in her far-distant home, dependent on the bounty of others,
the adopted daughter was growing up surrounded by every luxury
that fond hearts could bestow upon her.
CHAPTER XXIV.
PET GIVES HER TUTOR A LESSON.
“Then on his blow the swelling vein
Throbbed, as if back upon his brain
The hot blood ebbed and flowed again.”
—Byron.
Your pardon, dear reader, if, without further preface, I skip over a
period of six years. One brief bird’s-eye glance at the past, and then
to go on with our history.
Those six years had changed Ray and Ranty from boys of fifteen to
young men of twenty-one, and had metamorphosed Erminie and
Petronilla from little girls of twelve and eleven to young ladies of
30. respectively eighteen and seventeen. Beyond that, it had wrought
little change in Judestown or its inhabitants.
Master Ranty having displayed, during his rapid career at college,
sundry “fast” tendencies, was sent to sea to take the nonsense out
of him. That young gentleman bore his fate with most exemplary
patience and resignation, affirming that he always had a strong
partiality for bilge-water and short allowance, and rather liked the
cat-o’-nine-tails than otherwise.
Great was the delight of the worthy admiral, his uncle, when he
heard of his nephew’s destination; and it was partially through his
influence that, some months after, Ranty, radiant in blue roundabout
and bright brass buttons, stood on the deck of the Sea Nymph, and
wrote his name, in tremendous capitals, as “Randolph Lawless, U. S.
N.”
“Now remember, Minnie, you mustn’t go and fall in love with
anybody else,” were his parting words; “if you do, I’ll knock all
creation into everlasting smash; I’ll hurl the whole universe into the
regions of space; I’ll set fire to every blessed one of the United
States, and bring all the world and Nebraska Territory to universal
ruination!”
Duly impressed by these appalling and blood-chilling threats, Erminie
dutifully promised not to “go and fall in love with anybody else;” and
Mr Lawless, transformed into a dashing middy, gave his friends at
home his blessing, and set off on his first voyage.
Ray, who, even in his boyhood, had displayed great talent in legal
matters, was now, by the kindness of the admiral, in New York city,
studying law.
Erminie, too, was absent from home now. Having completely
captivated the heart of the generous and eccentric Admiral Havenful,
as she did that of most others, he set about thinking, one day, what
was the best means to display his affection. Just then he recollected
her fondness for learning, and the few opportunities she had to
31. indulge that fondness; and jumping up, he struck the table a
vigorous blow, exclaiming:
“I’ll send her to school! Pet learns all them heathenish foreign
languages, and makes a noise on that big sea-chest of a piano, and
so shall little Snowdrop. I’ll send her to school this very day!—shiver
my timbers if I don’t!”
And on the spur of the moment, the admiral, with many a doleful
grunt, dumped himself on old Ringbone’s back, and jogged over the
heath to the cottage.
There he made his proposal to Erminie, whose sweet blue eyes lit up
at first with joy and gratitude; then came the thought of Ketura, now
a helpless cripple, unable to leave her room, and her countenance
fell, and the joyful light faded from her face.
“I am very sorry, but I cannot leave my grandmother,” was her sad
reply.
“Fiddle-de-dee!” exclaimed the admiral, testily. “She’s got Lucy to
attend to her; and if Lucy is not enough, she can have half a dozen
female women from the White Squall to keep her in proper sailing
order. I know a good place to send you to, Snowdrop, and go you
shall, and that’s all about it! I’ll speak to the old lady myself about
it.”
So the admiral stamped up-stairs and spoke to Ketura, accordingly,
who gave a cold, curt assent. And the result of this was that, three
weeks after, Erminie was sent to a Convent of the Sacred Heart, to
study everything necessary for a finished education.
So, of our four young friends, only Firefly remained at home, under
the surveillance of a tutor. Pet had lost none of her mischief-loving
propensities as she grew up; in fact, they seemed to grow with her
growth, until she became the maddest, merriest, skip-over-the-moon
madcap that ever threw a peaceable community into convulsions.
Never did a pupil drive a well-disposed teacher to the verge of
distraction as Pet did hers; never did a naughty daughter throw a
dignified “parient” into such undignified paroxysms of rage as our
32. Firefly did; never was a quiet, orderly, stately mansion thrown upside
down, as if a tornado had torn through it every day, as Heath Hall
was; never in any other house was here heard such awful banging of
doors, and slamming down of windows, and tearing like a maniac up
and down-stairs, and rushing like a living whirlwind in and out of
every room in five minutes, as might be seen and heard here; never
were servants so completely at their wits’ end; never were quiet,
business-like neighbors so completely and utterly shocked and
astonished before as they were by the freaks of Judge Lawless’
heiress. Well-named was Pet; for never, since the plagues of Egypt,
was the earth afflicted with a more lawless little hurricane than the
hot-headed, laughter-loving, mischief-making heiress in question.
Very charming, withal, and bewilderingly beautiful was Pet; and
there was not a young man in Judestown, or within twenty miles
round, who would not have given his whiskers and mustaches for
one glance from her “bonnie black e’e.” But Pet didn’t care a snap
for all the young men in America, except, perhaps, Ray Germaine;
and she flirted away unmercifully, turned countless heads, and had
more sighing swains at her feet than all the other belles of
Judestown put together.
Pet was naturally clever, bright and talented, and could have
progressed wonderfully in her studies if she had chosen; but she
didn’t choose, and followed her own sweet will about learning, in
spite of all the lectures, entreaties and persuasions of her tutor, and
the stern reproofs and angry out-bursts of her father. Therefore, at
eighteen, she could play a little, draw a little—her talents in this
respect were chiefly confined to caricature—sing a good deal, talk
more than she could sing, and was still aware that English grammar
was a little book with a gray cover. At first, Mr. Garnet, her teacher,
had insisted upon her applying herself; but seeing that Pet only
listened very dutifully and then did as she liked after, he gave it up,
and allowed her now pretty much to do as she liked.
Pet had from the first conceived a strong dislike to this gentleman—a
dislike that increased every day. This was the more surprising, as his
conduct, morals, and manners, were irreproachable, and he was an
33. immense favorite with the judge and everybody else. In person he
was a tall, light-haired, gray-eyed, effeminate-looking young man;
easy and courteous in manner, polished in address, a finished
scholar, and—strict Christian. But Pet’s keen gaze had detected the
concealed cunning in the eye; the sardonic smile, the unscrupulous
look the face sometimes wore; the hard, crafty, cruel expression of
the mouth. Therefore, all his virtue was to her hypocrisy; his
goodness, a mask for evil designs; his politeness, a cloak for covert
wickedness. Pet disliked him, and took no pains to conceal it.
And Pet had read his character aright; he had been a young man of
fortune—he was a ruined debauchee, reduced to this by his
excesses. At first he had looked upon his scholar as a pest and
plague; but as she grew up, his feelings changed. Love and ambition
began to enter his heart. What, he thought, if he could win this
peerless beauty, this wealthy heiress, to be his wife? His fallen
fortunes would be retrieved, and his pride and passion gratified
possessing her. Concealing his schemes, he wound himself round the
heart of the judge, until he became his bosom friend and confidant.
He knew Pet disliked him, but he thought this was because she
looked upon him as a cross master; if she could be taught to regard
him as a lover, it would be very different. Therefore, as months
passed, he became all kindness, tenderness, and affability—the most
devoted slave and admirer Miss Lawless had.
“When Satan turns saint, there’s room for suspicion!” said Pet,
looking at him with a cool, critical eye. “You’re up to something you
shouldn’t be, my good youth. I’ll keep my eye on you, Mr. Rozzel
Garnet.”
But though Pet kept her “eye on him” as she threatened, no clue to
the change could she discover; for as a lover she had never dreamed
of him in her wildest moments. Until one day, bursting into the
library where he sat, with an open letter in her hand, her cheeks
flushed to a deeper crimson than usual, her dancing curls all
irradiate, her brilliant eyes flashing back the sunshine, her whole
34. face sparkling with delight, he looked up from the book he was
reading, and asked:
“You seem in unusually good spirits to-day, Miss Lawless—may I ask
the cause?”
“Yes; I’ve got a letter from Ray, and he’s coming home in a month or
so! Tra, la, la, la, la, la, la.”
And Pet went waltzing round the room.
A cloud settled for a moment on the bland face of the gentleman,
and his small eyes shot a sharp, jealous gleam at the bewildering
figure floating dimly over the carpet. It vanished, however, as quickly
as it came, as he said, in a tone of assumed carelessness: “Ah! and
who is Ray, Miss Petronilla?”
“Why, you know well enough,” said Pet, impatiently. “Ray Germaine
—you saw him when he was here last.”
“Bless me! Yes, I had forgotten; but you remember that was three
years ago, Miss Lawless, so I may be pardoned for not recollecting
him. If I took as much interest in him as you seem to do, my
memory would doubtless be better.”
His tones were low, bland and oily, but his gleaming eyes were like
two drawn stilettoes.
“I expect you would,” said Pet. “I have a faint idea that I would have
some trouble—if not more—in forgetting Ray Germaine. Don’t
believe he would approve of my doing so at all, either.”
“I did not think Miss Lawless cared for the approval or disapproval of
any one in the world,” insinuated the gentleman, with one of his
bland smiles and needle-like glances.
“We’ll see what thought done! That proves, Mr. Garnet,” said the elf,
mockingly, “how careful the general run of man-kind should be in
trusting their thoughts, since even a gentleman so near perfection as
you are can be deceived.”
35. “Then you do care for the approval of this fellow, Germaine?” said
the tutor, trying to hide a dark scowl.
“This fellow, Germaine? Well, there’s a nice way for a young lady’s
tutor to talk of her friends. I’d prefer to hear him called Mister
Germaine, sir, if it’s all the same to you,” said Pet, drawing herself
up.
“Oh, very well!” said Garnet, with a curling lip; “only as he is a
pauper, educated by the bounty of your uncle—”
But his speech was cut short by Pet’s springing suddenly round, with
blazing eyes, passion-darkened face, and fiercely and passionately
bursting out with:
“It is false! It is a foul slander! Ray Germaine is no pauper; and if
you ever dare to say such a thing again, I shall have you turned out
of the house! Take care how you talk, Mr. Rozzel Garnet! It’s
treading on dangerous ground to slight my friends before me!”
Mr. Garnet saw that he had made a false move, and that it was
dangerous work handling this fiery little grenade, so he banished all
traces of his recent scowl from his face, and his tones were of
honeyed sweetness when he spoke again.
“Ten thousand pardons, Miss Lawless, for my offence. Believe me, I
had not the remotest intention of slighting your excellent friend, Mr.
Germaine. You and he were very intimate, I presume?”
“Thick as pickpockets,” said Pet, forgetting her momentary anger.
“Heigho! I wish he was here; he was the only masculine I ever
knew, who wasn’t as stupid as an owl.”
“That’s a very flattering speech, Miss Lawless,” said Garnet, biting his
lip, “and a very sweeping assertion. Are there no exceptions but
him?”
“Not that I’ve ever met. I dare say there may be one or two in the
world; but I haven’t come across them.”
36. There was a moment’s pause, during which Garnet sat gnawing his
nether lip, and Pet flitted round the room, humming an opera air. He
watched her covertly, and then, seeing her about to leave, he
started impulsively up, exclaiming:
“One moment, Miss Pet—I have something to say to you.”
“Well, fire away,” said Pet, composedly, turning round, and standing
with her back to the door.
But for once in his life, his customary assurance seemed to have
failed him. There was something in the bold, fearless open gaze of
those brilliant black eyes that daunted him, brazen as he was. A
slight crimson flushed to his face, and his eyes for an instant fell.
“Now, what in the name of Diana and all her nymphs is coming?”
mentally exclaimed Pet, as she watched in surprise his
embarrassment. “The cool, self-possessed, dignified Mr. Rozzel
Garnet blushing like a boiled lobster before poor little Pet Lawless!
Snakes and sarpints, and varmints generally, the world’s coming to
an end—that’s certain!”
Then aloud:
“Mr. Garnet, I desired you to fire away, which translated from the
original Greek, means go ahead, and say whatever you want to. No
need to be bashful about it seeing it’s only me.”
The flush on Mr. Garnet’s cheek deepened, as he said:
“Perhaps, Miss Petronilla, what I am about to say may be
unexpected, but it can hardly take you by surprise. The change in
my manner toward you for the last few months must have prepared
you for it.”
He stopped short, and began walking up and down. Pet stuck both
hands in her apron-pockets, and stood waiting, “like Patience on a
monument,” for what was to come next.
“It’s no gunpowder-plot, or hanging matter, now, is it?” she began.
“For though I wouldn’t mind setting the Chesapeake on fire, or
37. blowing up the Alleghanies, I’ve an immense respect for the laws of
my country, Mr. Garnet, and would not like to undermine the
Constitution, or anything of that sort. Any common matter, though,
from riding a steeple-chase to fighting a duel, and I’m yours to
command.”
“Miss Lawless, may I beg of you to be serious for a few moments—
this is no jesting matter,” said the gentleman, looking annoyed.
“Well, my goodness! ain’t I serious? I’ll leave it to the company,
generally, if I’m not as solemn as a hearse. If you’d only condescend
to look at me instead of watching the flowers in the carpet, you
would see my face is half a yard long.”
“Then, Miss Lawless, to come to the matter at once—for I know you
do not like long prefaces—I love you, I worship you, Petronilla!
Petronilla, dearer then life! may I hope one day to possess this dear
hand?”
Now, if our Pet had been sentimental, she would have blushed
becomingly, burst into tears, or covered her face with her hands,
maybe; but Pet wasn’t a bit sentimental, and so, arching her
eyebrows, and opening her eyes till they were the size of two
saucers, she gave utterance to her complete amazement in a long,
shrill whistle.
Garnet approached her, and would have taken her hand, only as
they were still stuck in her apron-pockets, she didn’t appear to have
such a thing about her. Accordingly, therefore, he attempted do the
next best thing, that is, put his arms around her waist; but Pet very
coolly edged away saying:
“Hands off, Mr. Garnet, until better acquainted. I don’t believe in
having coat-sleeves round my waist—as a general thing. Just say
that over again, will you; it was mighty interesting!”
And Pet flung herself into an arm-chair, and put her feet upon an
ottoman with a great display of carelessness and ankles, and stared
Mr. Garnet composedly in the face.
38. “Cruel girl! You know your power, and thus you use it. Oh, Petronilla!
my beautiful one! have I nothing left to hope for?”
“That’s a question I can’t take it upon myself to answer,” said Pet.
“There’s your next quarter’s salary, though, you can hope for that.”
“Is that meant as a taunt? Oh, Petronilla! you little know how deeply,
how devotedly I love you! I could give my life to make you happy.”
“Thanky, Mr. Garnet—shows a highly Christian spirit in you: but, at
the same time, I guess I won’t mind it. As to your loving me, I have
not the slightest doubt about it. I’m such an angel in female form
that I don’t see how people can help loving me, any more than they
can help the toothache. So you needn’t go telling me over again you
love me, because you’ve said it two or three times already; and the
most interesting things get tiresome, you know, when repeated too
often.”
“Capricious, beautiful fairy! how shall I win you to seriousness?
Fairest Petronilla, I would serve for this little hand even as Jacob
served for Rachel!”
“Mr. Garnet, it’s real polite of you to say so, but you’ll excuse me for
saying I’d a good deal rather you wouldn’t. You’ve been here six
years now, and if I thought I was to undergo six more like them, I’d
take the first bar of soft-soap I could find and put an immediate end
to my melancholy existence.”
“Mocking still! Oh, beautiful Petronilla! how shall I reach this willful
heart?”
“There’s no heart there, Mr. Garnet; it took a trip to the fast city of
Gotham three years ago, and hasn’t come back since.”
“With Raymond Germaine?” he said, with a sharp flash of his eyes.
“Ex-actly; you’ve struck the right thing in the middle—hit the nail
straight on the head—jumped, with your accustomed sagacity, at my
exact meaning. After all, you’re not half so stupid as you look, Mr.
Garnet.”
39. “Miss Lawless,” he broke out, angrily, “this levity is as unbecoming as
it is unnecessary. I have asked you a question, which, as a lady, you
are bound to answer.”
“Mr. Garnet, look here,” said Pet: “did papa hire you to knock
reading, writing and spelling into me, or to make love?”
“Miss Lawless!”
“Perhaps, though,” said Pet, in a musing tone, “it’s customary with
tutors when winding-up a young lady’s education, to put her through
a severe course of love-making, that she may know how to act and
speak properly when occasion requires. Mr. Garnet, excuse me, I
never thought of it before; I see it all now. Just begin at the
beginning again, if it’s not too much trouble, and you’ll see how
beautifully I’ll go through with it.”
He started up passionately, and bit his lip till it bled.
“Once for all, Miss Lawless,” he exclaimed, stifling his impotent rage,
and striding fiercely up to her—“once for all, I demand an answer. I
love you—will you be my wife?”
“Well, upon my word, Mr. Rozzel Garnet,” said Pet, confusedly, “you
have the mildest and pleasantest way of your own I ever witnessed.
Here you come stamping up to me as if about to knock me down,
and savagely tell me you love me! Love away, can’t you, but don’t
get in a rage about it! I’m sure you’re perfectly welcome to love me
till you’re black in the face, if you’ll only take things easy.”
“Miss Lawless, forgive me; I’m half-mad, and scarce know what I
said.”
“I forgive you,” said Pet, stretching out her hands as if about to
warm them; “go, sin no more. I thought you were a little light in the
head myself; but then it didn’t surprise me, as it’s about the full of
the moon, I think.”
“Miss Lawless, I did think you were too much of a lady to despise
and scoff at true affection thus. If I have the misfortune to be poor,
that does not make me the less sensitive to insult.”
40. “Now, Mr. Garnet, look here,” said Pet, rising. “I’m getting tired of
this scene, and may as well bring it to an end at once. Your love I
fully understand; you have several reasons for loving me—several
thousands, in fact, but we won’t speak of them. As to insulting you,
I flatly deny it; and if you think I have done so, just refer me to a
friend, and I’ll fight a duel about it to-morrow. Scoffing at true
affection is another thing I’m not in the habit of doing, neither in
despising people for being poor; you know both these things as well
as I do. But, Mr. Garnet, I wouldn’t marry you if you were the last
man in the world, and I was to go to my grave a forlorn, hatchet-
faced old maid for refusing you. If it’s any consolation to you to
know it, I wouldn’t marry you to save your neck from the hangman
—your soul from you know who—or your goods and chattels,
personal, from being turned, neck and crop, into the street. Now,
there!”
His face blanched with rage; his eyes gleamed with a serpent-like
light; his thin lips quivered, and for a moment he stood glaring upon
her as if he could have torn her limb from limb. But there was a
dangerous light in her eye, too, as she stood drawn up to her full
height, with reddening cheeks, and defiant, steady gaze, staring him
still straight in the face. So they stood for an instant, and then the
sense of the ludicrous overcame all else in Pet’s mind, and she burst
into a clear, merry peal of laughter.
“Well, upon my word, Mr. Garnet, if this is not as good as a farce;
here we are, staring at each other, as if for a wager, and looking as
savage as a couple of uncivilized tigers. I dare say, it would be a
very nice way to pass time on an ordinary occasion; but as it’s
drawing near dinner-time, and I have a powerful appetite of my
own, you’ll excuse me for bidding you a heartrending adieu, and
tearing myself away. If you have anything more to say, I’ll come
back, after dinner, and stand it like a martyr.”
“Not so fast, Miss Petronilla Lawless!” said Garnet, grasping her by
the arm, his sallow face fairly livid with rage; “since it has been your
good pleasure to laugh me to scorn, and mock at the affection I
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