This document provides guidelines for the design and implementation of a national agricultural production cost statistics (CoP) program. It discusses the uses and benefits of CoP statistics for farmers, policymakers, national accounts, and research. It covers key aspects of producing CoP statistics such as indicator selection, data collection methods, cost allocation principles, and data dissemination. Countries can use this manual as a reference for building or adapting existing CoP programs to estimate agricultural production costs and ensure quality and international comparability of results. The guidelines are meant to be adapted to each country's specific statistical infrastructure and policy objectives.