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Cross-platform
mobile web apps

   @ jamespearce
Sir Isaac Newton
Three Laws of Motion

(the universe works as we might expect it to)
Albert Michelson   Edward Morley
Light Travels at a
        Constant Speed
(the universe doesn’t work as we thought it would)
Cross platform mobile web apps
Relativistic Mechanics   Exploration



  Classical Mechanics    Familiarity



 Quantum Mechanics       Exploration
The Web Today
    is like
Physics in 1900
Mobile
is our Michelson-Morley
       Experiment
Mobile Context?
     One Web?
 Responsive Design?
   Apps or Sites?
(an inability to answer these questions does
 not constitute an excuse not to innovate)
Single device            Multi device
Sedentary user            Mobile user
                                 *


Declarative               Imperative
Thin client               Thick client
Documents                Applications

         * or supine, or sedentary, or passive, or...
A badge for all these ways
   the web is changing
Cross-platform
mobile web apps
What is an app?
Consumption vs Creation
      Linkability
    User Experience
     Architecture
Web
Compromise


             sites

                     Web
                     apps

                             Native
                              apps

                            Nativeness
Cross platform mobile web apps
HTML5 is a new version of HTML4,
 XHTML1, and DOM Level 2 HTML
 addressing many of the issues of
 those specifications while at the
  same time enhancing (X)HTML
to more adequately address Web
          applications.
                       - WHATWG Wiki
WebFont        Video      Audio     Graphics
Device Access
  Camera                   CSS Styling & Layout                Network
  Location                                                      HTTP
                                  JavaScript
  Contacts                                                      AJAX

    SMS                        Semantic HTML                   Events

 Orientation                                                   Sockets
                File Systems      Workers &
                                                  Cross-App
    Gyro         Databases         Parallel                     SSL
                                                  Messaging
                App Caches        Processing



        (all the elements of a modern application platform)
The web is now as much
         a stack
   as it is a medium
Cross platform mobile web apps
Cross platform mobile web apps
Cross-platform
mobile web apps
MS
        RIM
                        Symbian

     Apple


              Android



Top European Smartphone Platforms
   July 2011, comScore MobiLens
.NET
           J2ME
                            C++

        Obj-C


                   Java



Native programming languages you’ll need
               July 2011
IE
    WebKit

                      WebKit

WebKit


             WebKit



Browser platforms to target
         July 2011
There is no WebKit on Mobile
                        - @ppk
But at least we are using
     one language,
      one markup,
    one style system
IE 10 PR   Chrome 10   Safari 5   Firefox 4   iOS4.31   Playbook   Honeycomb
            @font-face
                 Canvas
HTML5 Audio & Video
          rgba(), hsla()
        border-image:
        border-radius:
          box-shadow:
         text-shadow:
                opacity:
Multiple backgrounds
   Flexible Box Model
      CSS Animations
         CSS Columns
        CSS Gradients
      CSS Reflections
   CSS 2D Transforms
   CSS 3D Transforms
       CSS Transitions
      Geolocation API
 local/sessionStorage
    SVG/SVG Clipping
                   SMIL
             Inline SVG
        Drag and Drop
           hashchange
X-window Messaging
 History Management
     applicationCache
         Web Sockets
         Web Workers
   Web SQL Database
                 WebGL
            IndexedDB
100%
Support




          Browsers




                     Capabilities & specifications
100%
Support




          Browsers         Polyfills Frameworks




                     Capabilities & specifications
Cross platform mobile web apps
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>jQuery Mobile</title>
        <script src="jq.js"></script><script src="jqm.js"></script>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="jqm.css" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <div data-role="page" id="home">
            <div data-role="header">
                <h1>Hello World</h1>
            </div>
            <div data-role="content">
                <ul data-role="listview" data-inset="true">
                    <li data-role="list-divider">Continents</li>
                    <li><a href="na.html">North America</a></li>
                    <li><a href="sa.html">South America</a></li>
                    <li><a href="eu.html">Europe</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
Cross platform mobile web apps
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Sencha Touch</title>
        <script src="st.js"></script>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="st.css" />
        <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8">

            new Ext.Application({
                launch: function() {
                    var continents = new Ext.data.Store({
                        model: Ext.regModel('', {fields: ['name', 'link']}),
                        data: [
                            {name: 'North America', link:'na'},
                            {name: 'South America', link:'sa'},
                            {name: 'Europe', link:'eu'}
                        ]
                    });
                    new Ext.Panel({
                        fullscreen: true,
                        dockedItems: [{
                            xtype: 'toolbar', title: 'Hello World',
                        }],
                        items: [{
                            xtype: 'list', store: continents, itemTpl: '{name}'
                        }]
                    });
                }
            });

        </script>
    </head><body></body>
</html>
Cross platform mobile web apps
Myth busting
HTML5 apps can’t
  run o ine


(hybrid, appcache, and localStorage...)
HTML5 apps can’t match
  native performance


       (true, sometimes)
HTML5 apps can’t be
   monetized


  (is this a technology problem?)
HTML5 apps can’t access
  device functionality


    (weren’t you listening to Brian?)
Web
Compromise


             sites
                     Web
                     apps
                            Hybrid
                             apps
                                      Native
                                       apps

                                     Nativeness
Camera       WebFont        Video      Audio     Graphics
                                                              HTTP
 Location
                         CSS Styling & Layout                 AJAX
 Contacts
                                                             Events
   SMS                          JavaScript
                                                             Sockets
Orientation
                             Semantic HTML                    SSL
   Gyro

              File Systems      Workers &
                                                Cross-App
               Databases         Parallel
                                                Messaging
              App Caches        Processing
WebView
 Camera       WebFont        Video      Audio     Graphics
                                                              HTTP
 Location
                         CSS Styling & Layout                 AJAX
 Contacts
                                                             Events
   SMS                          JavaScript
                                                             Sockets
Orientation
                             Semantic HTML                    SSL
   Gyro

              File Systems      Workers &
                                                Cross-App
               Databases         Parallel
                                                Messaging
              App Caches        Processing
Native Wrapper

                                         WebView
 Camera       WebFont        Video      Audio     Graphics
                                                              HTTP
 Location
                         CSS Styling & Layout                 AJAX
 Contacts
                                                             Events
   SMS                          JavaScript
                                                             Sockets
Orientation
                             Semantic HTML                    SSL
   Gyro

              File Systems      Workers &
                                                Cross-App
               Databases         Parallel
                                                Messaging
              App Caches        Processing
Cross platform mobile web apps
Native app stores
have a dirty secret
Cross platform mobile web apps
built with

Apps vs web technology
Cross platform mobile web apps
Well-established hierarchies are not easily uprooted;

Closely held beliefs are not easily released;

So ritual enthralls generation after generation.



                                    Tao Te Ching; 38 Ritual
James Pearce
@ jamespearce
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Cross platform mobile web apps

  • 3. Three Laws of Motion (the universe works as we might expect it to)
  • 4. Albert Michelson Edward Morley
  • 5. Light Travels at a Constant Speed (the universe doesn’t work as we thought it would)
  • 7. Relativistic Mechanics Exploration Classical Mechanics Familiarity Quantum Mechanics Exploration
  • 8. The Web Today is like Physics in 1900
  • 10. Mobile Context? One Web? Responsive Design? Apps or Sites? (an inability to answer these questions does not constitute an excuse not to innovate)
  • 11. Single device Multi device Sedentary user Mobile user * Declarative Imperative Thin client Thick client Documents Applications * or supine, or sedentary, or passive, or...
  • 12. A badge for all these ways the web is changing
  • 14. What is an app?
  • 15. Consumption vs Creation Linkability User Experience Architecture
  • 16. Web Compromise sites Web apps Native apps Nativeness
  • 18. HTML5 is a new version of HTML4, XHTML1, and DOM Level 2 HTML addressing many of the issues of those specifications while at the same time enhancing (X)HTML to more adequately address Web applications. - WHATWG Wiki
  • 19. WebFont Video Audio Graphics Device Access Camera CSS Styling & Layout Network Location HTTP JavaScript Contacts AJAX SMS Semantic HTML Events Orientation Sockets File Systems Workers & Cross-App Gyro Databases Parallel SSL Messaging App Caches Processing (all the elements of a modern application platform)
  • 20. The web is now as much a stack as it is a medium
  • 24. MS RIM Symbian Apple Android Top European Smartphone Platforms July 2011, comScore MobiLens
  • 25. .NET J2ME C++ Obj-C Java Native programming languages you’ll need July 2011
  • 26. IE WebKit WebKit WebKit WebKit Browser platforms to target July 2011
  • 27. There is no WebKit on Mobile - @ppk
  • 28. But at least we are using one language, one markup, one style system
  • 29. IE 10 PR Chrome 10 Safari 5 Firefox 4 iOS4.31 Playbook Honeycomb @font-face Canvas HTML5 Audio & Video rgba(), hsla() border-image: border-radius: box-shadow: text-shadow: opacity: Multiple backgrounds Flexible Box Model CSS Animations CSS Columns CSS Gradients CSS Reflections CSS 2D Transforms CSS 3D Transforms CSS Transitions Geolocation API local/sessionStorage SVG/SVG Clipping SMIL Inline SVG Drag and Drop hashchange X-window Messaging History Management applicationCache Web Sockets Web Workers Web SQL Database WebGL IndexedDB
  • 30. 100% Support Browsers Capabilities & specifications
  • 31. 100% Support Browsers Polyfills Frameworks Capabilities & specifications
  • 33. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>jQuery Mobile</title> <script src="jq.js"></script><script src="jqm.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="jqm.css" /> </head> <body> <div data-role="page" id="home"> <div data-role="header"> <h1>Hello World</h1> </div> <div data-role="content"> <ul data-role="listview" data-inset="true"> <li data-role="list-divider">Continents</li> <li><a href="na.html">North America</a></li> <li><a href="sa.html">South America</a></li> <li><a href="eu.html">Europe</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </body> </html>
  • 35. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Sencha Touch</title> <script src="st.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="st.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> new Ext.Application({ launch: function() { var continents = new Ext.data.Store({ model: Ext.regModel('', {fields: ['name', 'link']}), data: [ {name: 'North America', link:'na'}, {name: 'South America', link:'sa'}, {name: 'Europe', link:'eu'} ] }); new Ext.Panel({ fullscreen: true, dockedItems: [{ xtype: 'toolbar', title: 'Hello World', }], items: [{ xtype: 'list', store: continents, itemTpl: '{name}' }] }); } }); </script> </head><body></body> </html>
  • 38. HTML5 apps can’t run o ine (hybrid, appcache, and localStorage...)
  • 39. HTML5 apps can’t match native performance (true, sometimes)
  • 40. HTML5 apps can’t be monetized (is this a technology problem?)
  • 41. HTML5 apps can’t access device functionality (weren’t you listening to Brian?)
  • 42. Web Compromise sites Web apps Hybrid apps Native apps Nativeness
  • 43. Camera WebFont Video Audio Graphics HTTP Location CSS Styling & Layout AJAX Contacts Events SMS JavaScript Sockets Orientation Semantic HTML SSL Gyro File Systems Workers & Cross-App Databases Parallel Messaging App Caches Processing
  • 44. WebView Camera WebFont Video Audio Graphics HTTP Location CSS Styling & Layout AJAX Contacts Events SMS JavaScript Sockets Orientation Semantic HTML SSL Gyro File Systems Workers & Cross-App Databases Parallel Messaging App Caches Processing
  • 45. Native Wrapper WebView Camera WebFont Video Audio Graphics HTTP Location CSS Styling & Layout AJAX Contacts Events SMS JavaScript Sockets Orientation Semantic HTML SSL Gyro File Systems Workers & Cross-App Databases Parallel Messaging App Caches Processing
  • 47. Native app stores have a dirty secret
  • 49. built with Apps vs web technology
  • 51. Well-established hierarchies are not easily uprooted; Closely held beliefs are not easily released; So ritual enthralls generation after generation. Tao Te Ching; 38 Ritual