![Items
>>> product = Product(name='Desktop PC', price=1000)
>>> print product
Product(name='Desktop PC', price=1000)
>>> product['name']
Desktop PC
>>> product.get('name')
Desktop PC
>>> product.keys()
['price', 'name']
>>> product.items()
[('price', 1000), ('name', 'Desktop PC')]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dataphillyscrapy-131118204940-phpapp01/85/Scrapy-talk-at-DataPhilly-10-320.jpg)
![BaseSpider
...
class MySpider(BaseSpider):
name = 'example.com'
allowed_domains = ['example.com']
start_urls = [
● Send Requests example.
com/[1:3].html
'http://www.example.com/1.html',
'http://www.example.com/2.html',
'http://www.example.com/3.html',
]
● Yield title Item
def parse(self, response):
sel = Selector(response)
for h3 in sel.xpath('//h3').extract():
yield MyItem(title=h3)
for url in sel.xpath('//a/@href').extract():
yield Request(url, callback=self.parse)
● Yield new Request](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dataphillyscrapy-131118204940-phpapp01/85/Scrapy-talk-at-DataPhilly-14-320.jpg)
![Selectors
● Mechanisms for extracting data from HTML
● Built over the lxml library
● Two methods
○ XPath: sel.xpath('//a[contains(@href,
"image")]/@href' ).
extract()
○
CSS: sel.css('a[href*=image]::attr(href)' ).extract()
● Response object is called into Selector
○
sel = Selector(response)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dataphillyscrapy-131118204940-phpapp01/85/Scrapy-talk-at-DataPhilly-17-320.jpg)
Scrapy talk at DataPhilly
- 1. Scrapy Patrick O’Brien | @obdit DataPhilly | 20131118 | Monetate
- 2. Steps of data science ● ● ● ● ● Obtain Scrub Explore Model iNterpret
- 3. Steps of data science ● ● ● ● ● Obtain Scrub Explore Model iNterpret Scrapy
- 4. About Scrapy ● ● ● ● Framework for collecting data Open source - 100% python Simple and well documented OSX, Linux, Windows, BSD
- 5. Some of the features ● Built-in selectors ● Generating feed output ○ Format: json, csv, xml ○ Storage: local, FTP, S3, stdout ● ● ● ● Encoding and autodetection Stats collection Control via a web service Handle cookies, auth, robots.txt, user-agent
- 7. Data flow 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Engine opens, locates Spider, schedule first url as a Request Scheduler sends url to the Engine, which sends it to Downloader Downloader sends completed page as a Response through the middleware to the engine Engine sends Response to the Spider through middleware Spiders sends Items and new Requests to the Engine Engine sends Items to the Item Pipeline and Requests to the Scheduler GOTO 2
- 8. Parts of Scrapy ● ● ● ● ● ● Items Spider Link Extractors Selectors Request Responses
- 9. Items ● Main container of structured information ● dict-like objects from scrapy.item import Item, Field class Product(Item): name = Field() price = Field() stock = Field() last_updated = Field(serializer=str)
- 10. Items >>> product = Product(name='Desktop PC', price=1000) >>> print product Product(name='Desktop PC', price=1000) >>> product['name'] Desktop PC >>> product.get('name') Desktop PC >>> product.keys() ['price', 'name'] >>> product.items() [('price', 1000), ('name', 'Desktop PC')]
- 11. Spiders ● Define how to move around a site ○ which links to follow ○ how to extract data ● Cycle ○ Initial request and callback ○ Store parsed content ○ Subsequent requests and callbacks
- 13. BaseSpider ● Every other spider inherits from BaseSpider ● Two jobs ○ Request `start_urls` ○ Callback `parse` on resulting response
- 14. BaseSpider ... class MySpider(BaseSpider): name = 'example.com' allowed_domains = ['example.com'] start_urls = [ ● Send Requests example. com/[1:3].html 'http://www.example.com/1.html', 'http://www.example.com/2.html', 'http://www.example.com/3.html', ] ● Yield title Item def parse(self, response): sel = Selector(response) for h3 in sel.xpath('//h3').extract(): yield MyItem(title=h3) for url in sel.xpath('//a/@href').extract(): yield Request(url, callback=self.parse) ● Yield new Request
- 15. CrawlSpider ● Provide a set of rules on what links to follow ○ `link_extractor` ○ `call_back` rules = ( # Extract links matching 'category.php' (but not matching 'subsection.php') # and follow links from them (since no callback means follow=True by default). Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=('category.php', ), deny=('subsection.php', ))), # Extract links matching 'item.php' and parse them with the spider's method parse_item Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=('item.php', )), callback='parse_item'), )
- 16. Link Extractors ● Extract links from Response objects ● Parameters include: ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ allow | deny allow_domains | deny_domains deny_extensions restrict_xpaths tags attrs
- 17. Selectors ● Mechanisms for extracting data from HTML ● Built over the lxml library ● Two methods ○ XPath: sel.xpath('//a[contains(@href, "image")]/@href' ). extract() ○ CSS: sel.css('a[href*=image]::attr(href)' ).extract() ● Response object is called into Selector ○ sel = Selector(response)
- 18. Request ● Generated in Spider, sent to Downloader ● Represent an HTTP request ● FormRequest subclass performs HTTP POST ○ useful to simulate user login
- 19. Response ● Comes from Downloader and sent to Spider ● Represents HTTP response ● Subclasses ○ TextResponse ○ HTMLResponse ○ XmlResponse
- 20. Advanced Scrapy ● Scrapyd ○ application to deploy and run Scrapy spiders ○ deploy projects and control with JSON API ● Signals ○ notify when events occur ○ hook into Signals API for advance tuning ● Extensions ○ Custom functionality loaded at Scrapy startup
- 22. Demo