Database management system
- 2. CONTENTS ● DATABASE ● DATABSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ● PURPOSE OF DBMS ● APPLICATIONS OF DBMS ● ADVANTAGES OF DBMS ● DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS
- 3. WHAT IS A DATABASE? ● A database is an organized collection of data. A relational database, more restrictively, is a collection of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other elements. ● Data is organized into rows, columns and tables, and it is indexed to make it easier to find relevant information. Data gets updated, expanded and deleted as new information is added. Databases process workloads to create and update themselves, querying the data they contain and running applications against it.
- 4. WHAT IS A DATABASE? ● A database is not generally portable across different DBMSs, but different DBMSs can interoperate by using standards such as SQL and ODBC or JDBC to allow a single application to work with more than one DBMS. ● Database designers typically organize the data to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring information, such as (for example) modelling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies.
- 5. WHAT IS A DBMS? ● Stands for "Database Management System." ● A DBMS is a database program. Technically, it is a software system that uses a standard method of cataloguing, retrieving, and running queries on data. ● The DBMS manages incoming data, organizes it, and provides ways for the data to be modified or extracted by users or other programs. ● Some DBMS examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft Access, SQL Server, FileMaker, Oracle, RDBMS, dBase, Clipper, and FoxPro.
- 6. WHAT IS A DBMS? ● Since there are so many database management systems available, it is important for there to be a way for them to communicate with each other. For this reason, most database software comes with an Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) driver that allows the database to integrate with other databases. ● For example, common SQL statements such as SELECT and INSERT are translated from a program’s proprietary syntax into a syntax other databases can understand.
- 7. PURPOSE OF DBMS 1. DATA REDUNDANCY In previous data management system (file processing system), different programmer creates files and writes application programs to access it. In file system, each application accessed its own private files which cannot be shared between different applications. If two applications needs same file then there must be two files for both application. This causes data redundancy. For example, ‘Need For Speed’ game needs ‘direct X 9’ file and ‘counter strike’ game needs it too. Now a days, if we install direct x 10 once then it will be accessed by many programs. This minimized data redundancy.
- 8. PURPOSE OF DBMS 2. DATA INTEGRITY IS ENFORCED Accurate data is maintained in database management system. Some kind of constraints are enforced on the database to maintain integrity. For example, If the data type is numbers (age) in the table, then you cannot enter text. 3. INCONSISTENCY CAN BE AVOIDED Data is accessed and manipulated frequently. If two programs are accessing the same data and one program changed it, then another program processes with wrong data so it should avoid the chances of inconsistency.
- 9. PURPOSE OF DBMS 4. DATA CAN BE SHARED Data can be shared in centralized database management system. Because of sharing of data, different applications can access the centralized data. 6. PROVIDE BACKUP AND RECOVERY As database has vital and important data, there is need of backup and recovery. Backup and recovery must be reliable and possible when needed. Software and hardware failure is often and database backup and recovery is important in case of failure.
- 10. APPLICATION OF DBMS ● Telecom: There is a database to keeps track of the information regarding calls made, network usage, customer details etc. Without the database systems it is hard to maintain that huge amount of data that keeps updating every millisecond. ● Industry: Where it is a manufacturing unit, warehouse or distribution centre, each one needs a database to keep the records of ins and outs. For example distribution centre have to keep track of the product units that supplied in and products that got delivered out each day.
- 11. APPLICATION OF DBMS ● Banking System: For storing customer info, tracking day to day credit and debit transactions, generating bank statements etc. All this work has been done with the help of Database management systems. ● Education sector: Database systems are frequently used in schools and colleges to store and retrieve the data regarding student details, staff details, course details, exam details, payroll data, attendance details, fees details etc. There is a lot of inter-related data that needs to be stored and retrieved in an efficient manner.
- 12. APPLICATION OF DBMS ● Online shopping: We are aware of the online shopping websites such as Amazon, Flipkart etc. These sites store the product information, your addresses and preferences, credit details and provide you the relevant list of products based on your query. All this involves a Database management system. ● Military: Military keeps records of millions of soldiers and it has millions of files that should be keep secured and safe. As DBMS provides a big security assurance to the military information so it is widely used in militaries.
- 13. APPLICATION OF DBMS ● Social Media Sites: We all are on social media websites to share our views and connect with our friends. Daily millions of users signed up for these social media accounts like Facebook, twitter, Pinterest and Google plus. But how all the information of users are stored and how we become able to connect to other people is because of DBMS. ● Military: Military keeps records of millions of soldiers and it has millions of files that should be keep secured and safe. As DBMS provides a big security assurance to the military information so it is widely used in militaries.
- 14. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS 1. IMPROVED DATA SHARING: An advantage of the database management approach is, the DBMS helps to create an environment in which end users have better access to more and better-managed data. Such access makes it possible for end users to respond quickly to changes in their environment. 2. IMPROVED DATA SECURITY: The more users access the data, greater the risks of data security breaches. Corporations invest huge amounts of time, effort, and money to ensure that corporate data are used properly. A DBMS provides a framework for better enforcement of data privacy and security policies.
- 15. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS 3. INCONSISTENCY CAN BE AVOIDED: When the same data is duplicated and changes are made at only one site, it gives inconsistency and the two entries of same data will not agree. At such times data is said to be inconsistent. So, if the redundancy is removed chances of having inconsistent data is also removed. 4. STANDARDS CAN BE ENFORCED: DBMS is a central system, so standard can be enforced easily may be at Company level/Department level. This data is helpful during interchanging of data. The file system is an independent system so standard cannot be enforced on multiple applications.
- 16. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS 5. PROVIDING BACKUP AND RECOVERY: The backup and recovery subsystem of the DBMS is responsible for recovery. For example, if the computer system fails in the middle of a complex update program, the recovery subsystem is makes sure that the database is restored before the program started executing. 6. INCREASED END USER PRODUCTIVITY: The availability of data, combined with the tools that transform data into usable information, empowers end users to make quick, informed decisions that can make the difference between success and failure in the global economy.
- 17. DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS 1. COMPLEXITY: The provision of the functionality that is expected of a good DBMS makes the DBMS an extremely complex piece of software. Database designers, developers, database administrators and end-users must understand this functionality to take full advantage of it. Failure to understand the system can lead to bad design decisions, which can have serious consequences for an organization.
- 18. DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS 2. SIZE: The complexity and breadth of functionality makes the DBMS an extremely large piece of software, occupying many megabytes of disk space and requiring substantial amounts of memory to run efficiently. 3. PERFORMANCE: File Based system is written for a specific application, such as invoicing. As result, performance is generally very good but DBMS is for more general applications than one. So, some applications may not run as fast as they used to.
- 19. DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS 4. COST OF CONVERSION: In some situations, the cost of DBMS and extra hardware may be insignificant compared with the cost of converting existing applications to run on the new DBMS and hardware. This cost also includes the cost of training staff to use these new systems and possibly the employment of specialist staff to help with conversion and running of the system. This cost is one of the main reasons why some organizations feel tied to their current systems and cannot switch to modern database technology.
- 20. DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS 5. HIGHER IMPACT OF FAILURE: The centralization of resources increases the vulnerability of the system. Since all users and applications rely on the vailabi1ity of the DBMS, the failure of any component can bring operations to a halt. 6. COST OF DBMS: The cost of DBMS varies significantly, depending on the environment and functionality provided. There is also the recurrent annual maintenance cost.