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Topic
Deadlock
Presented by
Ali Haider
What is Deadlock?
• A dead-lock is a situation in which two devices or computer programs
sharing the same resource are affectively stopping each other from
accessing the resource.
• Final result in both programs closing to function.
Four conditions for Deadlocks?
1. Mutual Exclusion condition
2. Hold & wait condition
3. No preemption condition
4. Circular wait condition
Deadlock Modeling?
How Deadlock Occur?
How to Handle deadlocks?
• Four major areas of interest in deadlock research
1) Deadlock prevention
2) Deadlock Avoidance
3) Deadlock detection
4) Deadlock Recovery
Deadlock prevention?
• Prevention eliminates one of four conditions
1. Elimination of Mutual Exclusion
2. Elimination of Hold & wait condition
3. Elimination of No preemption condition
4. Elimination Of Circular Wait Condition
How deadlock can be avoided?
• We can avoid the situation of
deadlocked by:
1. Safe state
2. Banker’s Algorithm
3. Resource Allocation Graph
Safe state
• State is safe because OS can definitely avoid deadlock by
blocking any new requests until safe order is executed.
 This avoids circular wait condition.
 Process waits until safe state is guaranteed.
Banker’s Algorithm
Resource Allocation Graph
• If we have a resource allocation system with only one instance of each
process, a variant of the resource allocation graph can be used for
deadlock avoidance.
Deadlock Detection?
• Determines if deadlock has occurred.
• Identifies those processes & resources involved in the
deadlock.
Any Question!
Thanks

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Dead Lock in operating system

  • 2. What is Deadlock? • A dead-lock is a situation in which two devices or computer programs sharing the same resource are affectively stopping each other from accessing the resource. • Final result in both programs closing to function.
  • 3. Four conditions for Deadlocks? 1. Mutual Exclusion condition 2. Hold & wait condition 3. No preemption condition 4. Circular wait condition
  • 6. How to Handle deadlocks? • Four major areas of interest in deadlock research 1) Deadlock prevention 2) Deadlock Avoidance 3) Deadlock detection 4) Deadlock Recovery
  • 7. Deadlock prevention? • Prevention eliminates one of four conditions 1. Elimination of Mutual Exclusion 2. Elimination of Hold & wait condition 3. Elimination of No preemption condition 4. Elimination Of Circular Wait Condition
  • 8. How deadlock can be avoided? • We can avoid the situation of deadlocked by: 1. Safe state 2. Banker’s Algorithm 3. Resource Allocation Graph
  • 9. Safe state • State is safe because OS can definitely avoid deadlock by blocking any new requests until safe order is executed.  This avoids circular wait condition.  Process waits until safe state is guaranteed.
  • 11. Resource Allocation Graph • If we have a resource allocation system with only one instance of each process, a variant of the resource allocation graph can be used for deadlock avoidance.
  • 12. Deadlock Detection? • Determines if deadlock has occurred. • Identifies those processes & resources involved in the deadlock.