DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
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The document provides background information on the origins and early development of the Nazi party in Germany during the 1920s. It describes how the party began as the German Workers' Party led by Anton Drexler before Hitler joined in 1919 and became the leader in 1921. It also outlines some of the key aspects of the Nazi party platform outlined in the 25-point program, including nationalism, anti-Semitism, and a desire for more territory. Finally, it discusses Hitler's failed Munich Putsch coup attempt in 1923 and how he wrote Mein Kampf while in prison.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
- 1. DEPTH STUDY NAZI GERMANY NAZI PARTY IN 1920’s 02
- 2. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 3. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY BEGINNINGS • TheGermanWorkersPartywastheforerunneroftheNaziParty. • Itwasfirstfoundedin 1919asastronglynationalistandanti-Semitic. • Thesecharacteristicswerethemain featuresduringthe1920’s. • TheearlyobjectivesoftheNaziPartywereannouncedinFebruary1920.
- 4. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY THE25-POINTNAZIPROGRAMME • TheunionofallGermans • ThedestructionoftheVersailles andSt.Germain treaties • Lebensraum,additionalterritory • German citizenshiptoGerman blood • Nomoreimmigration • Allcitizenswithequalrights andobligations • Nationalisationof publicindustries • Profit-sharing inheavyindustries • Improved welfare for elderly • Specialeducationtreatment forgifted students • Encouragementofsport activitiesforthe young • Formation ofastrong centralgovernment
- 5. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY GLOSSARY • Nationalisation–involvesthestatetakingovera privately-runfirm orindustrysothattheprofits canbedirectedintothenationaltreasury. Specifictocommunism too. • Profit-sharing –normallytheprofitsofafirmor companygototheownersorshareholders.With profit-sharing, anysurplusisoftendivided amongtheentireworkforce.
- 6. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLERASALEADER • TheNazisbeganastheGermanWorkers’Party,ledbyAntonDrexler. • In1919Hitlerjoinedtheparty. • DrexlersoonrealisedthatHitlerhadagreatspeakingtalentandhedecided tousehimtoboostthepoliticalideasoftheparty. • The25PointProgrammewasannounced. • ThepartywasrenamedtheNationalSocialistGermanWorkers’Party,or Nazisforshort. • In1921 HitlerremovedDrexlerasleader. • Hewasenergetic,committedandaverygoodspeaker.
- 7. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZISCAPEGOATS • Hitlerusedmanyscapegoatstostirthenationalistsentiment. • Inhisvision,thefollowingweretoblameforGermany’sproblems: - TheAllies - TheVersaillesTreaty - TheNovemberCriminals - TheCommunists - TheJews
- 8. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY THEMUNICHPUTSCH,NOVEMBER1923 • TheNazishopedtowinpowerthrough aviolent overthrowoftheWeimarRepublic. • MussolinihadcometopowerinItalyin1922 througha demonstrationofforce. • HitlerplannedtheMunich(BeerHall)Putschwhilethe hyperinflationwasstillraging.
- 9. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
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- 11. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY THEMUNICHPUTSCH,NOVEMBER1923cont. • TheMunichPutschwasahumiliatingdefeatfortheNazisandHitlerwastrialled andimprisoned. • Thepartywasbanned. • TheeventgaveHitlerpublicityandnationalcoverageinthenewspapers. • ThefailureoftheputschconvincedHitlerthathis tacticshadbeenwrong. • Hedecidedtoachievepowerbyconstitutionalmeans,throughdemocratic elections. • Thatmeanstodevelopandexpandtheorganisationof theNaziParty,contesting seatsatgeneralelectionsandbuildingupapowerbaseintheReichstag.
- 12. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLERATHISTRIAL “Ialonebeartheresponsibility,butIamnotacriminalbecauseofthat… Thereisnosuchthingashightreasonagainstthetraitorsof1918… IfeelmyselfthebestofGermanswhowantedthebestfortheGermanpeople.”
- 13. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 14. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY MEINKAMPF • Sentencedto5yearsimprisonment, Hitlerservedonly 9months inLandsbergCastle. • Hemadeuseofhistimebywriting MeinKampf(My Struggle),which isamixtureofautobiographyand politicalbeliefs. • ItemphasisedthesuperiorityoftheGerman(Aryan) race,thedangersofcommunism, andGermany’s destinyasthedominant stateinEurope. • Thebookbecameabest-sellerandHitlersold5million copies,givingHitleramuchneededincome.
- 15. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLER,WRITINGWHILEINPRISONIN1923 “WhenIresumeactivework,itwillbenecessarytopursueanewpolicy.Instead ofworkingtoachievepowerbyarmedconspiracyweshallhavetotakeboldof ournosesandentertheReichstagagainsttheCatholicandMarxistdeputies.If out-votingthemtakeslongerthanout-shootingthem,atleasttheresultswillbe guaranteedbytheirownconstitution.Anylawfulprocessisslow.Soonerorlater weshallhaveamajorityandafterthatweshallhaveGermany.”
- 16. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZIKEYSTONES • NazipolicieschangedfewtimesduringtheWeimarRepublic. • Twokeystonesprinciplesofnationalismandanti-Semitismremainedbutthe otherprinciplesweresomehow changedtoachievepopularity. • Propagandawasintensifiedthroughposters,pamphlets,slogans,promoting importantissuesfortheiraudience. • NEXTSLIDEVIDEO DecadesafterthefalloftheThirdReich,itfeelsimpossibletounderstandhowAdolfHitler, thetyrantwhoorchestratedoneofthelargestgenocidesinhumanhistory,couldeverhave risentopowerinademocraticcountry.Sohowdidithappen,andcouldithappenagain?
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- 18. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZISANDPARTYMEMBERSHIP • Itwasacaseoffindingpotentialsupportersanddevicesuitablepoliciesfor them. • Hitler’sprincipalconcernwastoachievepower,nomatterthepriceand promise. • Emphasiswasplacedonexpanding partymembership, which increasedfrom 3000toover100,000. • Hitleralsowantedtoimprove theprofessionalismoftheapparatus(theparty machinery).
- 19. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZISANDPROPAGANDA • Partyactivistsweretrainedinpublicspeaking. • Propagandamethodswererefinedand improved. • By1929, theNaziPartywaswellpreparedto takeadvantageofanychangeincircumstances thatmight favourtheircause. • TheWallStreetCrashandtheworlddepression providedtheperfectopportunity.
- 20. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLER’SVIEWS • NationalSocialism–loyaltytoGermany,racialpurity,equalityandstatecontrolof theeconomy. • Racism– theAryansweretheMasterRace.AllotherracesandespeciallytheJews wereinferior. • ArmedForce–Hitlerbelievedthatwarandstrugglewereanessentialpartofthe developmentofahealthyAryanrace. • LivingSpace(Lebensraum)–Germanyneededtoexpandasitspeoplewere hemmedin. ThisexpansionwouldbemainlyattheexpenseofRussiaandPoland. • TheFuhrer–Debateanddemocraticdiscussionproducedweakness.Strengthlay intotalloyaltytotheleader(theFuhrer).