Development with JavaFX 9 in JDK 9.0.1

Entwicklung mit JavaFX
Die Java UI-Technologie im JDK 9
1 Copyright © 2017 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Wolfgang Weigend
Sen. Leitender Systemberater
Java Technologie und Architektur

The following is intended to outline our general
product direction. It is intended for information
purposes only, and may not be incorporated into
any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any
material, code, or functionality, and should not be
material, code, or functionality, and should not be
relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The
development, release, and timing of any features
or functionality described for Oracle’s products
remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

Agenda
• Aktueller Status von JavaFX
• Entwicklungsressourcen beim Engineering und in der Java Community
• Linux on ARM Port
• JavaFX-Aufbau und Architekturkonzept
• Migration von Swing Komponenten
• Barrierefreiheit
• Vorteile bei der Entwicklung von JavaFX Anwendungen
• SceneBuilder GUI Editor
• Automatisiertes Testen von JavaFX GUI Komponenten
• Open Source Projekt OpenJFX
• Zusammenfassung

Aktueller Status von JavaFX
• JavaFX 8 ist fester Bestandteil der Java SE 8 und JavaFX 9 bei Java SE 9
– General Availability for Windows, Linux, Mac OS
– Java SE 8 Roadmap until 2025 and expected JDK 18.9 until 2028 with paid support
– Java SE Development Kit 8 Update 6 for ARM
• Starting with JDK 8u33, JavaFX Embedded is removed from the ARM bundle and is not supported
– http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/jdk-8u33-arm-relnotes-2406696.html
– http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/openjfx-dev/2015-January/016570.html
• Development Tools
– NetBeans 8.2 und NetBeans Developer Builds mit JDK 9.0.1
– JavaFX Scene Builder 2.0 und Scene Builder Version 8.4.1 für JDK 8
– e(fx)clipse
• major release cycle alignment with eclipse roadmap
• minor release cycle with JavaFX roadmap

Entwicklungsressourcen beim Engineering
und in der Java Community
• Development Team
– Kevin Rushforth
– Senior Engineering Manager
– openjfx-dev@openjdk.java.net
– Technical Writer and Documentation
– Technical Writer and Documentation
– Oracle Java Advanced Support
• Java Community
– Gluon
– MicroDoc Systems
– BestSolution.at EDV Systemhaus GmbH
– Saxonia Systems AG, Canoo Engineering AG, open knowledge GmbH
– Dirk Lemmermann and many other contributors

JavaFX Day Cinema Düsseldorf 25th October 2017

Gluon Ignite library
Dependency Injection Frameworks in JavaFX applications
• With the Gluon Ignite library, developers can use popular dependency injection frameworks in their JavaFX
applications, including inside their FXML controllers
• Gluon Ignite creates a common abstraction over several popular dependency injection frameworks:
– currently Guice, Spring, and Dagger, and plan to add more as the demand becomes obvious
• With full support of JSR-330 Gluon Ignite makes using dependency injection in JavaFX applications trivial
• Example of creating an application using the Guice framework and Gluon Ignite:
Source:
http://gluonhq.com/
open-source/ignite/

JavaFX Linux on ARM Port created by MicroDoc
• Agreement by Oracle and MicroDoc
• MicroDoc has started to create and deploy embedded runtimes in 1999
– MicroDoc worked with customers from a large variety of industries including Automotive, Telematics,
Telecommunication, GSM Network Infrastructure, Building Automation, Smart Home, Smart Grid /
Smart Metering, Mobile Computing, Airline Traffic Management, Security Systems, Laser
Technology, Education
• MicroDoc creates Linux on ARM Port for JavaFX on their own
• MicroDoc creates Linux on ARM Port for JavaFX on their own
– Source code and testing included
– As well for higher versions of Java, i.e. Java SE 9
• MicroDoc leds own projects
• MicroDoc Linux on ARM Port created and shipped
– OpenJFX 8 source with Multi-Touch JavaFX build for manufacturing customer in Austria
– Debian Linux
Source: https://www.microdoc.com/

JavaFX Runtime Architektur
JavaFX Architektur Komponenten
• Glass Windowing Toolkit: Provides native operating services, such as managing the
windows, timers, and surfaces
• Prism: Graphics pipeline that can run on hardware and software renderers
• UI Toolkit: Ties Prism and Glass together and makes them available to the JavaFX APIs

JavaFX Architektur
• Internal API
• Course-grained porting layer
− FX APIs isolated from
implementation details
implementation details
• Allows porting to completely
different systems

JavaFX Architektur
• Quantum Toolkit ties Prism and Glass
Windowing Toolkit together and makes
them available to the JavaFX layer above
in the stack
• Quantum Toolkit manages the threading
rules related to rendering versus events
handling

JavaFX Architektur
• Graphics API
− Converts the scene graph into
rendering calls
− Abstracts D3D, OpenGL*, Java2D
behind a “Graphics” object
− Handles “dirty regions”, clipping, and
other optimizations
− Font support
− Rasterization• Use hardware where possible
− Fast paths using shaders for ellipses, rectangles, etc.
• Reduce context switches
− Looking towards possible state sorting optimizations in the future
• Fallback to software rendering when necessary
− Bad drivers are the main reason for doing so
* No direct OpenGL support

JavaFX Architektur
• Windowing API
− Windows
− Mac
− Linux
• Provides basic OS services
− Drawing surface
− Input events
− Event queue

Scenegraph
• Instead of remove/add:
− group.getChildren().remove(node);
− group.getChildren().add(0, node);
• node.toFront()
JavaFX Scenegraph
• node.toFront()
• node.toBack()
Scenegraph
−node.toFront()
−node.toBack()

Displaying HTML in JavaFX
public class WebViewDemo extends Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
@Override public void start(Stage stage) {
WebView webView = new WebView();
WebView webView = new WebView();
webView.getEngine().load("http://java.oracle.com");
Scene scene = new Scene(webView);
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.setTitle("Web View Demo");
stage.show();
}
}

Class JFXPanel
java.lang.Object
java.awt.Component
java.awt.Container
private static void initFX(JFXPanel fxPanel) {
// This method is invoked on JavaFX thread
Scene scene = createScene();
fxPanel.setScene(scene);
}
JavaFX mit JFXPanel Komponente in
Swing Anwendungen einbinden
public class Test {
private static void initAndShowGUI() {
// This method is invoked on Swing thread
JFrame frame = new JFrame("FX");
final JFXPanel fxPanel = new JFXPanel();
frame.add(fxPanel);
javax.swing.JComponent
javafx.embed.swing.JFXPanel
}
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
initAndShowGUI();
}
});
}
}
frame.add(fxPanel);
frame.setVisible(true);
Platform.runLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
initFX(fxPanel);
}
});
}

WebView und Swing Interoperabilität
• Embed Web content in
JavaFX applications
• HTML rendering
based on WebKit*
Web View Component
• Embed JavaFX content
into existing Swing
applications
• Extend existing Swing
Swing and SWT Interop.
• Faster loading of JavaFX
Web applications based
on Prism
• Pre-loader for improved
Browser Plug-In
based on WebKit*
• Hardware accelerated
rendering using PRISM
• Integration
– DOM access and manipulation
– CSS User Styles
– Java-Calls to JS
– JS-Calls to Java
• Extend existing Swing
applications with new
JavaFX features such as
WebView and high-
performance graphics
• Applies to SWT-
applications as well since
JavaFX 2.1
• Pre-loader for improved
user experience with
JavaFX Web
applications
* Updates with JDK 9 GA

Swing to JavaFX Migration
• Swing UI Controls analysieren
– Soll “Swing-Behavior” in JavaFX Migration mit eingebaut werden?
– Exakt gleiche Darstellung auf Pixel-Ebene?
• Layout Manager
– Teilweise automatisch überführen
– Teilweise automatisch überführen
– Manuelle Tätigkeit
• Geschäftslogik/Code entflechten
– Wie stark ist die Verzahnung von Code & UI?
• Fachlicher Freeze während der Migration, mit dem Ziel
einer möglichst kurzen Code-Freeze-Phase

Barrierefreiheit mit JavaFX
• GUI can be made more accessible by providing screen reader devices
which speak graphical content to blind people
• JavaFX accessibility on Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X
– By providing support for reading JavaFX controls via a screen reader
• Apple's VoiceOver for the Mac, Microsoft's Narrator for Windows
Accessibility support with JDK 8 Update 40
• Apple's VoiceOver for the Mac, Microsoft's Narrator for Windows
• Job Access With Speech (JAWS) Screen Reader for Windows by Freedom Scientific
– By providing JavaFX controls that are traversable using the keyboard
• By supporting a special high-contrast mode that makes controls more visible to
users
– this mode is activated on Windows by pressing Alt+Left Shift+Print Screen
Source: http://www.javaworld.com/article/2991463/learn-java/javafx-improvements-in-java-se-8u40.html

JavaFX supports accessibility by adding the following
properties to the javafx.scene.Node class
• accessibleRoleProperty
– Node's accessible role, which is a value of the javafx.scene.AccessibleRole
enumerated type that identifies the kind of control to the screen reader
– E.g., AccessibleRole.BUTTON or AccessibleRole.MENU.
– The screen reader uses a node's role to identify supported attributes and actions
• accessibleRoleDescriptionProperty
• accessibleRoleDescriptionProperty
– Node's role description, which is a string
• accessibleTextProperty
– Node's accessible text, which is a string
• accessibleHelpProperty
– Node's accessible help, which is a string
• javafx.scene.control.Label labelFor-property is used by a
screen reader to provide more information to the user

JavaFX provides an advanced API for interacting with
screen reader and accessing accessibility state
• Advanced API includes the javafx.scene.AccessibleAction and
javafx.scene.AccessibleAttribute enumerated types along with
the following Node methods:
– Object queryAccessibleAttribute(AccessibleAttribute attribute,
Adv. API to introduce accessibility support to own controls or other nodes
– Object queryAccessibleAttribute(AccessibleAttribute attribute,
Object... parameters)
– void executeAccessibleAction(AccessibleAction action, Object...
parameters)
– Void notifyAccessibleAttributeChanged(AccessibleAttribute
attributes)

Java Entwicklungswerkzeuge
• Source editor with improved syntactic
highlighting, code completion, refactoring etc.
• Full debugger and profiler support
• Project wizard for easy creation of JavaFX
applications
applications
Other Java IDE’s
• Source editor with syntactic highlighting,
code completion, refactoring etc.
• Full debugger and Profiler support

jdeps - Java-Class-Dependency-Analyzer JDK 9.0.1 (1)
C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3dist> jdeps -profile JavaFXApplication3.jar
JavaFXApplication3.jar -> C:Program Files (x86)Javajdk1.8.0_45jrelibextjfxrt.jar
JavaFXApplication3.jar -> C:Program Files (x86)Javajdk1.8.0_45jrelibrt.jar (compact1)
javafxapplication3 (JavaFXApplication3.jar)
-> java.io compact1
-> java.lang compact1
-> javafx.application jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.collections jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.collections jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.event jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.scene jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.scene.control jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.scene.layout jfxrt.jar
-> javafx.stage jfxrt.jar
C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3dist> jdeps -v JavaFXApplication3.jar
C:jdk-9.0.1bin> jdeps --generate-module-info C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distc:jdk-
9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3.jar
writing to C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3module-info.java

C:jdk-9.0.1bin> jdeps --generate-module-info C:jdk-
9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distc:jdk9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3.jar
writing to C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3module-info.java
C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3> dir
25.10.2017 10:36 171 module-info.java
C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3> type module-info.java
module JavaFXApplication3 {
requires javafx.base;
requires javafx.controls;
requires transitive javafx.graphics;
exports javafxapplication3;
}

C:jdk-9.0.1bin> jdeps --module-path C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3dist -s -dotoutput c:jdk-
9.0.1JavaFXApplication3dist c:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3distJavaFXApplication3.jar
C:jdk-9.0.1JavaFXApplication3dist> type summary.dot
digraph "summary" {
"JavaFXApplication3.jar" -> "java.base (java.base)";
"JavaFXApplication3.jar" -> "javafx.base (javafx.base)";
"JavaFXApplication3.jar" -> "javafx.controls (javafx.controls)";
"JavaFXApplication3.jar" -> "javafx.graphics (javafx.graphics)";
"JavaFXApplication3.jar" -> "javafx.graphics (javafx.graphics)";
}
http://www.webgraphviz.com/

Design Objectives
Oracle’s next generation Java client solution
• Built on Java in Java
• Modular architecture
• Migration path for Java client UI technologies
JavaFX – Moving Client Forward
• Migration path for Java client UI technologies
• Advanced tooling
• Delivering on the cross-platform promise

Design Objectives
• Defining a Property
• Using a ChangeListener
• Using the High-Level Binding API
– The High-Level API is the quickest way to use bindings in applications
– It consists of two parts: the Fluent API, and the Bindings class
JavaFX – Properties and Bindings
– It consists of two parts: the Fluent API, and the Bindings class
• The Fluent API exposes methods on the various dependency objects, where as the Bindings class
provides static factory methods instead
– Bindings Class could used to do the same thing too
• Exploring Observable, ObservableValue, InvalidationListener, and ChangeListener
– Using an InvalidationListener
• Using the Low-Level Binding API
Source: https://docs.oracle.com/javafx/2/binding/jfxpub-binding.htm

Java APIs und FXML
Java APIs für JavaFX
• End-to-end Java development
• Java language features - generics,
annotations, multi-threading
• Fluent API for UI construction
FXML
• Scriptable, XML-based markup language
for defining UI
• Convenient alternative to developing UI
programmatically in Java
• Fluent API for UI construction
• Alternative JVM supported languages
(e.g. Groovy, Scala) with JavaFX
• Leverage sophisticated Java IDEs,
debuggers and profilers
• Java APIs preserve convenient
JavaFX Script features (e.g., bind)
programmatically in Java
• Easy to learn and intuitive for developers
familiar with web technologies or other
markup based UI technologies
• Powerful scripting feature allows
embedding scripts within FXML. Any JVM
scripting language can be used, including
JavaScript, Groovy, and Scala

Modena Modern Theme – Since JavaFX 8

Rich Text - Since JavaFX 8
• Use Cases
– text editor, code editor
– mixed style Labels, buttons, cells, headings, descriptions,
large textual content, etc.
• Details
• Details
– TextFlow, a new layout container
– Text is just a node… so you can add effects, event
handlers, and animations
– You can also use CSS, FXML

TreeTableView - Since JavaFX 8
• Goal: reuse as many API, or API concepts, as possible from
the TreeView and TableView controls API

DatePicker - Since JavaFX 8

Public API for CSS structure - Since JavaFX 8
• CSS styling is one of the key features for JavaFX
• CSS has been implemented exclusively in private API
(com.sun.javafx.css package)
• Tools (e.g. Scene Builder) require a CSS public API
• Tools (e.g. Scene Builder) require a CSS public API
• Developers will be able to define custom CSS styles

Hello World in JavaFX
Programming in Java
public class JavaFXExample extends Application {
@Override public void start(Stage stage){
Scene scene = new Scene(
LabelBuilder.create()
.text("Hello World!")
.layoutX(25)
.build());
stage.setTitle("Welcome to JavaFX!");
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.show();
}
launch(args);
}
}

Hello World in JavaFX
Programming in FXML und Java
FXML
<BorderPane>
<center>
<Label text=”%helloworld"/>
</center>
</BorderPane>
Java
Java
public class FXMLExample extends Application {
@Override public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
stage.setTitle("FXML Example");
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource
(“example.fxml"),
ResourceBundle.getBundle(“r.fxml_example"));
stage.setScene(new Scene(root));
stage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }
}

JavaFX Scene Builder 2.0
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/sb2download-2177776.html

JavaFX Scene Builder
• UI layout tool for JavaFX
• FXML visual editor
• Can be used standalone or with all major Java IDEs
– Tighter integration with NetBeans IDE
– Tighter integration with NetBeans IDE
• Preview mode
• CSS support
• Supported on Windows and Mac OS X

Gluon supports Scene Builder for Java SE 9.0.1
• Scene Builder only as source code within the OpenJFX project
• Gluon provides Scene Builder builds
– Actively work on improvements to Scene Builder, in a public repo, to further drive the
functionality of Scene Builder forward
– These builds will be the Oracle bits, with additional improvements based on community
involvement and our desires to better support third party projects such as ControlsFX,
FXyz, DataFX, others
FXyz, DataFX, others
• Downloads:
• Scene Builder is
open source and licensed
under the BSD license
• Scene Builder version for
Java 9.0.1 was released
on 17th of October 2017
The latest version of Scene Builder for Java 8 is 8.4.1, it was released on 17th of October 2017
Source: http://gluonhq.com/open-source/scene-builder/

Funktionale Systemtests für JavaFX
Automatisiertes Testen für JavaFX UI Controls
QF-Test
Firma Quality First Software
Professionelles GUI-Testen für
Java & Web www.qfs.de
•Functional Testing
•UI Controls
•Scenegraph

QF-Test und JavaFX 8 und künftig für JavaFX 9
• JavaFX ist eine pure Java-Anbindung analog Swing
• QF-Test Version 4.1.5 mit offizielle Unterstützung für Java 8 / JavaFX 8
• Die kommende Version QF-Test 4.2 unterstützt Java 9 / JavaFX 9
• Wenn Sie bereits jetzt Java 9 Anwendungen testen möchten, können Sie
eine Vorabversion von QF-Test 4.2 per E-Mail an qfs@qfs.de anfordern.
eine Vorabversion von QF-Test 4.2 per E-Mail an qfs@qfs.de anfordern.
Java Swing
Eclipse/SWT
Web

QF-Test & JavaFX 8 – GUI Testautomatisierung

JavaFX in the Browser
http://www.jpro.io/
jpro is a new technology which brings Java back into the browser - without
Java Plugin. To achieve that, jpro runs JavaFX on the server and maps its
scenegraph directly into the browser
The client side rendering is highly optimized with browser side approximations
and browser side rendering to get a smooth user experience free of lags
© 2017 jpro technologies AG

JavaFX und Open Source
http://openjdk.java.net/projects/openjfx
OpenJFX
•UI Controls
•Scenegraph
•JemmyFX

Open Source und Standardisierung
• JavaFX source code being contributed as part of OpenJFX
http://openjdk.java.net/projects/openjfx/
– Source code being contributed in phases
– Open sourced as of March 2013
• UI Controls
• Scene Graph
• JemmyFX
• Functional Tests
• JavaFX via OpenJFX towards OpenJDK under discussion

JavaFX goes Open Source
iOS- und Android-Implementierungen
• iOS- und Android-Implementierungen sind Open Source
• Lizensierung mit eigenem Applikations-Co-Bundle

JavaFXPorts: JavaFX on Mobile and Tablets
Package your JavaFX Application for deployment on iOS and Android
• JavaFX on client, desktop, laptop and embedded systems
• JavaFX on mobile and tablets
• JavaFXPorts 8.60.9 released
• Why is a port needed? - Isn't Java Write Once Run Anywhere?
• Why is a port needed? - Isn't Java Write Once Run Anywhere?
OpenJDK
http://javafxports.org/page/home

Zusammenfassung
JavaFX is the strategic Java UI technology for rich client applications
Unified development of Java and Web applications
• Browser Plug-in, Web Start, Native Executables
• Hardware Accelerated Graphics (DirectX, ..)
• JavaFX Web View based on WebKit
‒ JavaFX with WebView for HTML5 features
‒ JavaFX with WebView for HTML5 features
‒ Improved JavaScript Engine
‒ JavaFX as applet integrated to run in a web page
• IDE support for Eclipse e(fx)clipse, IntelliJ, IDEA, NetBeans, etc.
• Private vs. JavaFX Public API with JDK 9
Wanted JavaFX for mobile operating systems iOS & Android - desirable
Developer community could make use of the JavaFX Open Source process
• Get hands-on porting for iOS and Android

Danke!
Wolfgang.Weigend@oracle.com
Twitter: wolflook

Development with JavaFX 9 in JDK 9.0.1

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