DIETETIC FOOD
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This document discusses the importance of proper nutrition and diet modification for disease treatment. It outlines both the positive and negative effects of diet on health. Specific diets are described that modify macronutrient and micronutrient intake to address medical conditions like diabetes, liver disease, hypertension, etc. The roles and responsibilities of dietitians in assessing patient nutrition status and devising customized diet plans for medical needs are also covered. The conclusion emphasizes that a healthy diet can prevent disease and provide treatment benefits with less risk than medications.
DIETETIC FOOD
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- 4. FULFILL ENERGY REQUIREMENT PROVIDE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS BODY GROWTH STRONG IMMUNE SYSTEM HORMONE BALANCE WEIGHT MANAGEMENT 2 4
- 5. IMPROPER NOURISHMENT DISEASES OBESITY WEAK IMMUNE SYSTEM ABNORMAL BODY GROWTH 2 5
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- 8. HIGH FOOD ENERGY Replacing LOW FOOD ENERGY SUBSTITUE 2 8
- 9. LOW FOOD ENERGY SUBSTITUTE Eg: DIET COKE HIGH FOOD ENERGY SUBSTITUE Eg: ENDURA MASS 2 9
- 10. Knowledge of drug and diet interaction very important – for physicians, nutritionists and dietitians Dietary factors helps : promote medicine action – faster recovery Reduce the potential of drug Influences metabolic processes 2 10
- 11. Use of appropriate food as a tool for the treatment of a disease Doctors advice dietitian to alter diet in 3 respects: Nutrient content of diet - increasing/ decreasing proportion Consistency of diet- liquid or solid diet Amount/ quantity of diet – restriction or change in proportion of components 2 11
- 12. Modifications of the normal diet made in order to Meet the altered needs resulting from disease Aim of the diet therapy is to maintain health and help the patients to regain nutritional well being. 2 12
- 13. Illness leads to poor food acceptance due to: Reduced desire in food due to lack of appetite Reduced appetite due to inactivity Reduced appetite due to drugs Altered time of eating 2 13
- 14. Used to decide the nutritional status of patient It includes anthropometric, clinical, dietary and laboratory measurements Anthropometric – measurements includes height, weight, BMI etc. BMI = Wt. in kg/ Height. in metre2 2 14
- 15. Clinical – measurements includes examination of eye, teeth gums, tongue, skin and hair to observe Symptoms of nutritional deficiency 2 15
- 16. Dietary – assessment is an essential basis for dietary counseling Is intended to produce desirable change in the food behavior Helps in evaluation of food intake to detect possible deficiencies Laboratory – assessment involves blood and urine analysis to determine the excretion rate of nutrients 2 16
- 17. Energy and protein needs to be determined to ensure proper nutritional care of malnourished patient Energy needs: has to meet the basal + activity need of persons (repletion, maintenance or weight loss) Resting energy expenditure (REE) – measured with portable equipment It measures volumes of oxygen consumed and carbon di-oxide expired It increased when person suffering form burn, fever and decreased in malnutrition2 17
- 18. Loss of nitrogen is increased by stress For eg: If a stress person needs 2400 kcal, his/her N- need is: 2400 kcal = N(g) * 150 = 16.0 g N per day Protein needs = 16.0 * 6.25 = 100 g per day 2 18
- 19. Women REE (kcal) = 655.1 + 9.56 W + 1.85 H – 4.68 A Men REE (kcal) = 66.5 + 13.75 W + 5.0 H – 6.78 A Where, A= age in years W = weight in kgs H = height cms 2 19
- 20. IDA was founded with: Prof. Kalyan (Secretary) Dr. C. Gopalan (President) in 1975 Objectives of IDA are: Promote cause of science (nutrition and dietetics) Facilitate social, scientific good will among members Safeguard the interests of scientists Establish close contacts among persons following different branches and stimulate an intellectual pursuit towards possible practical integration of scientific knowledge 2 20
- 21. Assess the nutritional status of patient in health and disease Devise and coordinate all aspects of nutrition care plan Communicate with the doctor and monitor implementation of nutrition care plan Document all aspects of nutrition care Arrange patient follow up as needed Participate in applied research as well as diet Communicate effectively and share knowledge 2 21
- 22. Modification in relative proportion of nutrients and restriction of certain nutrients are necessary with respect to: Carbohydrate Protein Fat Electrolyte and minerals Vitamins 2 22
- 23. Modification in carbohydrate, protein and fat proportion in diet are necessary as: Diabetic diet – for diabetic patients Low calorie diet – for persons to achieve weight loss High protein, high fat, low carbohydrate diet – for patients with hypoglycaemia Ketogenic diet – for controlling epilepsy 2 23
- 24. Lactose free diet – for persons unable to metabolize milk sugar (lactose) Dumping syndrome diet – for patients undergone gastric by pass surgery 2 24
- 25. Restriction fat diet – for patients with disease of liver, gall bladder or pancreases Fat controlled, low cholesterol diet - for patients with increased level of blood cholesterol Dietary management in hyperlipoprotinaemia –for patients suffering from elevation of blood lipoproteins 2 25
- 26. Restricted protein diet- for patients in hepatic coma or liver disease Gluten free diet – for patients suffering from gluten intolerance Restricted purine diet – for persons having high uric acid level in blood High protein diet – for several cases such as tuberculosis, anaemia, burns, injuries etc. 2 26
- 27. Increased sodium diet – useful in addison disease Restricted sodium diet – for patients with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, renal disease with swelling etc. Restricted potassium diet - for patients where potassium is not excreted properly from body Restricted copper diet – for patients suffering from wilson disease2 27
- 28. Continue…… High calcium and phosphorus diet – for persons suffering from rickets, osteomalacia, dental caries etc. High iron diet – advisable in nutritional or anaemia High ash or alkaline diet – for producing acidity or alkalinity in body 2 28
- 29. High vitamin diet : Vitamin A – for combat night blindness Vitamin D – for combat rickets and osteomalacia Vitamin K – for combat liver and gall bladder disease Thiamine – to prevent beriberi Niacin – to prevent pellagra Vitamin C – to prevent scurvy and to improve wounds and overall defense mechanism of the body 2 29
- 30. CONCLUSION we are living in 21st century and most of us are technology oriented. With this habit our living style has changed so in order to maintain health or to decrease mortality or to get protected from chronic disease we need to change our eating style also. So a proper diet is must. No doubt drugs and medicines are having quick healing affect against disease but they are harmful too. A good diet will always be safe and healthy. “Prevention is better than cure” 2 30
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Editor's Notes
- #3: diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.[1] The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related). the kinds of food that a person, animal, or community habitually eats.
- #4: Diet provides nutrients to our body..some has possitive as well as negative effects.. All it depends upon what we are consuming. means we are taking healthy food or junk food.
- #5: On this slide we will try to learn what are the different positive effects of diet on our body . If it is balanced diet then definitely it will provide positive effect to our body.. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients like Carbohydrates .Protein .Fat .Vitamins .Minerals . Water. Helps in normal body growth If we are taking a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and low in saturated fat then it will result in strong immune system. Taking healthy fats in diet will help the body to balance hormonal activities.
- #6: Obesity-Obesity puts you at risk of several health conditions, including high cholesterol, high triglycerides, type-2 diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, heart disease, gallbladder disease, cancer, depression, osteoarthritis and skin problems. Imbalance diet will lead a body to disease prone.
- #7: Now lets start the topic that is ditetic food. The question that arises at earliest is why to consume ditetic food. food or drink whose recipe is altered in some way to make it part of a body modification diet. Such foods are usually intended to assist in weight loss or a change in body type, although bodybuilding supplements are designed to aid in gaining weight or muscle. Simply we can say that we consume ditetic food to maintaiin our body weight or to simply direct it to a desired body shape
- #8: a food prepared for any specific dietary need or restriction, such as salt-free or vegetarian food. Food in which the nutrient content has been modified for use in special diets, esp. for diabetics. a specially prepared low-calorie food, often containing natural or artificial sweeteners
- #9: Lets discuss the process of REPLACING food into dietetic food. This can be as simple as replacing some or all of the food's sugar with a sugar substitute as is common with diet soft drinks such as Coca-Cola (for example Diet Coke). In some snacks, the food may be baked instead of fried thus reducing the food energy. In other cases, low-fat ingredients may be used as replacements. In whole grain foods, the higher fiber content effectively displaces some of the starch component of the flour. Since certain fibers have no food energy, this results in a modest energy reduction. Another technique relies on the intentional addition of other reduced-food-energy ingredients, such as resistant starch or dietary fiber, to replace part of the flour and achieve a more significant energy reduction. Low calorie using. Metabolic side effect Diet
- #10: Now coming on types of diet foods ..mainly there are two types of dietetic foods.that is ………………………. 1-it provides low calories to reduce body weight. 2-it provide high calories to gain body musles it is mainly used by body builders to gain mass.
- #11: PROBLEM-khtayi with drug for physicians, nutritionists and dietitians IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DRUG AND DIET INTRACTION.SO THAT THEY CAN EASILY SUGGEST TO THEIR PATIENTS if we are on dieting ,oily related ,reduced drug-Cabbage,garlic
- #12: Problem in Doctors advice dietitian to alter diet in 3 respects:dietician ko recommend krte h Kmi h ya jyada hai Solid or liquid form me khana khichdi 3-sodiium ki jagah potsiun
- #13: Lets discuss now what is therapeutic diet If we want to controls the intake of certain foods or nutrients in our body which is not benificial or we can say that is harmfull to our body.in these cases we create a meal plan to obstruct those meal plans.which is known as therapeutic diet ..it is prescribed by physicians.
- #14: As it is.nothing to define
- #16: Problem to understand Piliya,skin dry,tootrh gums vitamin c Children are more at risk for serio Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, a blood disorder that causes fatigue, weakness, and a variety of other symptoms. us complications due to nutritional deficiencies than adults.and many more eg are there like diarrhea, dementia, and skin problems Vitamin B-3
- #17: Problem to understand
- #18: As it isBasal metabolic rate is the amount of energy expressed in calories that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest. Resting energy expenditure, abbreviated as REE, is the amount of energy, usually expressed in kcal (food calories), required for a 24-hour period by the body during resting conditions. It is closely related to, but not identical to, basal metabolic rate.
- #19: As it is
- #20: The Harris–Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an indivi dual's basal metabolic rate (BMR) and daily kilocalorie requirements Ree-as discussed earlier
- #21: In 1962, a group of like-minded nutritionists, dietitians and workers in the allied health fields resolved to form a scientific body to highlight the importance of dietetics and nutrition in the maintenance of health, and in the prevention and treatment of diseases the Headquarters of IDA is located in Kolkata .
- #22: As it is
- #23: Now lets discuss how to modify the meal during illness and convalescence
- #24: On this slide we will see that how we can modify the food in proportion. As it is Epilepsy is a group of neurological diseases The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children
- #25: Now lets discuss an aspect where a person is unable to metabolise milk sugar that is lactose.in that case we provide him Modified carbohydates that is lactose free diet. As it isA lactose free diet means eating foods that have no lactose. Lactose is a sugar that is a normal part of milk products. Some people do not break down lactose well. They may not have enough lactase, the enzyme that breaks lactose down in the body. Or, their body may make lactase that does not work properly. This may cause gas, bloating, cramping, or diarrhea when they eat or drink milk products. Following a lactose free diet may prevent these problems. Your caregiver or dietitian can help you decide if you need to be on a lactose free or low lactose diet instead. Dumping syndrome is caused by large amounts of food passing quickly into the small intestine. This causes symptoms like abdominal pain, cramping, nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, weakness, rapid heart beat, and fatigue. This diet will help stop the symptoms of dumping syndrome.
- #26: Likewise we can modify the fat content in food for the person who are not able to metabolise the fat or the person who is allergic to fat
- #27: Similarly we can modify the protein intake of food. As it is Many healthy and delicious foods are naturally gluten-free: Beans, seeds and nuts in their natural, unprocessed form Fresh eggs Fresh meats, fish and poultry (not breaded, batter-coated or marinated) Fruits and vegetables Most dairy products A low-purine diet is an eating plan that limits foods that contain purine. Purines are a natural substance found in some foods. When your body digests purine, a waste product called uric (say: “yur-ick”) acid is produced. A buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints can cause a type of arthritis known as gout.
- #28: Also electrolytes and minerals can be modified. As it is