Digital Electronics - Counters
- 1. BASICS OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING ASSIGNMENT PRESENTATION COUNTERS – DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
- 2. Content • INTRODUCTION • BENEFITS OF COUNTERS • TYPES OF COUNTERS • ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTERS • BINARY RIPPLE COUNTER
- 3. Introduction • Counters are a specific type of sequential circuit. • Like registers, the state, or the flip-flop values themselves, serves as the “output.” • The output value increases by one on each clock cycle. • After the largest value, the output “wraps around” back to 0. 00 01 1011 1 11 1
- 4. Benefits of counters • Counters can act as simple clocks to keep track of “time.” • You may need to record how many times something has happened. • How many bits have been sent or received? • How many steps have been performed in some computation? • All processors contain a program counter, or PC. • The PC increments once on each clock cycle, and the next program instruction is then executed.
- 6. Asynchronous Counters The flip-flops do not change states at exactly the same time as they do not have a common clock pulse. Output of one flip-flop is connected to the clock input of the next more-significant flip-flop. Its simple and requires less hardware. Has speed limitation. K J K J HIGH Q0 Q1 Q0 FF1FF0 CLK CC Timing diagram 00 01 10 11 00 ...
- 7. Binary ripple counter • The counter is called ripple counter because the output of one flip-flop feed to the clock input of another • The flip flops respond to negative going clock edge. • Each flip flop divides the incoming clock pulse frequency by a factor of 2. • • Cumulative delay is a drawback.
- 9. Synchronous Counter • Synchronous Counters are so called because the clock input of all the individual flip-flops within the counter are all clocked together at the same time by the same clock signal. • The clock signal is directly applied to all Flip flops in a parallel sequence.
- 11. Thank you all !!!