![Docker Bench Security - examples
Host configuration
[WARN] 1.1 – Create a separate partition for containers
[WARN] 1.5 – Audit Docker daemon - /usr/bin/docker
[WARN] 1.6 – Audit Docker files and directories - /var/lib/docker
[WARN] 1.7 – Audit Docker files and directories - /etc/docker
[WARN] 1.8 – Audit Docker files and directories - /etc/default/docker](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockerfordevelopers-slideshare-190302091532/85/Docker-for-developers-33-320.jpg)
![Docker Bench Security - examples
Docker daemon configuration
[WARN] 2.1 – Restrict network traffic between containers
[WARN] 2.8 – Enable user namespace support
[WARN] 2.11 – Use Authorization plugin
[WARN] 2.12 – Configure centralized and remote logging
[WARN] 2.13 – Disable operations on legacy registry (v1)
[WARN] 2.14 – Enable live restore
[WARN] 2.18 – Disable Userland Proxy](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockerfordevelopers-slideshare-190302091532/85/Docker-for-developers-34-320.jpg)
![Docker Bench Security - examples
Docker daemon configuration files
Container images and build files
[WARN] 4.1 – Create a user and build files
[WARN] 4.5 – Enable Content trust for Docker
[WARN] 4.6 – Add HEALTHCHECK instruction to the container image](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockerfordevelopers-slideshare-190302091532/85/Docker-for-developers-35-320.jpg)
![Docker Bench Security - examples
Container runtime
[WARN] 5.2 – Verify SELinux security options, if applicable
[PASS] – 5.1 – Do not disable AppArmor Profile
[WARN] 5.4 – Do not use privileged containers
[WARN] 5.6 – Do not run ssh within containers
[WARN] 5.10 – Limit memory usage for container
[WARN] 5.11 – Set container CPU priority appriopriately
[WARN] 5.12 – Mount container’s root files as read only
[WARN] 5.13 – Bind incoming container traffic to a specific host interface
[WARN] 5.14 – Set the ‘on-failure’ container restart policy to 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockerfordevelopers-slideshare-190302091532/85/Docker-for-developers-36-320.jpg)
![Docker Bench Security - examples
Docker security operations
[INFO] 6.1 – Perform regular security audits of your host system and containers
[INFO] 6.2 – Monitor Docker container usage, performance and metering
[INFO] 6.3 – Backup container data
[INFO] 6.4 – Avoid image sprawl
[INFO] 6.5 – Avoid container sprawl](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockerfordevelopers-slideshare-190302091532/85/Docker-for-developers-37-320.jpg)
![[Codelab 2017] Docker 기초 및 활용 방안](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/docker-171227072003-thumbnail.jpg?width=560&fit=bounds)
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Docker for developers
- 1. Docker for Developers ANDRZEJ SYDOR
- 2. Docker Docker is the leading software container platform Founded in 2013 as Linux developer tool Fundamentally solves the „works on my machine” problem Container industry inventor, leader and innovative Transform app and infrastructure security, portability, agility and efficiency
- 3. One Application on One Physical Server Limitations Slow development times Huge costs Wasted resources Difficult to scale Difficult to migrate Vendor lock in
- 4. Hypervisior – Based Virtualization Benefit: Better resource pooling One physical machine divided into multiple virtual machines Easier to scale VMs in the cloud Rapid elasticity Pay as you go model Limitations: Each VM stills requires: CPU limitations Storage RAM An entire guest operating system Full guest OS means wasted resources Application portability not guaranteed
- 5. Docker Standarized packaging for software and dependencies Isolate apps from each other Share the same OS kernel Works with all major Linux and Windows Server
- 7. Key Benefits of Docker Containers Speed No OS to boot – applications online in seconds Portability Less dependencies between proces layers = ability to move between infrastructure Efficiency Less OS overhead Improved resource efficiency
- 8. WORA / PODA WORA = Write Once Run Anywhere {J,W,E}AR PODA = Package Once Deploy Anywhere
- 9. Docker Image The basis of a Docker container Registry Stores, distributes and manages Docker images Container The image when it is ‚running’ Swarm Cluster Cluster of Docker hosts Control Pane Management plane for container and cluster orchestration
- 10. Docker Docker Compose Define and share multi-container definitions Docker Machine A tool to launch Docker hosts on multiple platforms Docker Hub Repository for Docker Images Docker Store A storefront for official Docker images and plugins as well as licensed products Docker Swarm A multi-host-aware orchestration tool Docker Cloud Docker’s Container as a Service (CaaS)
- 11. Docker Images Layers Layers are read only An image is a collection of files and some meta data Images are comprised of multiple layers A layer is also contains software you want to run Each image contains a base layer Every image contains a base layer Docker uses a copy on write systems
- 12. Docker Sharing Layers Images can share layers in order to speed up transfer times and optimize disk and memory usage Parent images that already exists on the host do not have to be downloaded
- 13. Portainer Docker UI „The easiest way to manage docker” https://www.portainer.io/
- 14. Portainer docker volume create portainer_data docker run –name=portainer -d -p 9000:9000 --restart always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /opt/portainer:/data portainer/portainer
- 15. Portainer https://portainer.io/overview.html Detailed overview Containers (List, Details, Stats, Logs, Console, Creation) Images (List, Details) Network (List) Volumes (List) Container Templates Cluster overview Services Management Endpoint Management User Management and User Access Control
- 16. Kitematic Visual Docker Container Management on Mac & Windows Run containers through a simple, yet powerful graphical user interface. https://kitematic.com/ Legacy desktop solution boundled with Docker Toolbox.
- 17. Kitematic Fast and Easy Setup Docker Hub Integration Seamless Experience Between CLI and GUI Advantaged Features Automatically map ports Configuring volumes Change environment variables Streamline logs CLI access to containers
- 18. Kitematic
- 19. Docker Desktop for Windows Docker Desktop for Windows is the best way to get started with Docker on Windows https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/ Native application on UI Auto update capability No additional software required, e.g. Virtualbox Windows: Hyper-V VM Better networking and filesystem mounting/notification Requires Windows 10 64-bit (Yosemite 10.10+)
- 20. Rancher OS A simplified Linux distribution build from containers, for containers. https://rancher.com/rancher-os/ https://github.com/rancher/os
- 21. Build Container Images Dockerfile FROM – Docker base FROM alpine:latest LABEL – extra information LABEL maintainer = ‘”Andrzej Sydor” RUN – commands to install software and run scripts RUN mkdir –p /tmp/myapp/ COPY/ADD COPY build/app.jar /etc/app.jar ADD http://resource/files/html.tar.gz /usr/share/nginx/ EXPOSE – the port and the protocol exposed in runtime EXPOSE 80/tcp ENTRYPOINT/CMD USER / WORKDIR / ONBUILD / ENV
- 22. Docker Build docker image build –file <Dockerfile> --tag <REPO>:<TAG> <REPO> - typically username on Docker Hub <TAG> - unique container value docker image build --tag local:dockerfile-example . .(dot) – current folder
- 23. Storing images Docker Registry Docker Hub Docker Store
- 24. Docker Registry Service that storing your Docker images Open source – Apache license Tightly control where your images are being stored Fully own your images distribution pipeline Integrate image storage and distribution tightly into your in-house development Filesystem /var/lib/registry
- 25. Storing images Docker Hub Free for public images Organizations Repository Automated build (GitHub, BitBucket)
- 26. Storing images Docker Store Docker images and plugins Docker Certified
- 27. Third-party registries Red Hat Container Catalog OpenShift Jfrog Quay.io Amazon EC2 Container Registry Others: Microbadger e.g. inspect image
- 28. Networking & Volumes IPAM (IP address management) Planning, tracking and managing IP addressess within the network IPAM has DNS and DHCP services
- 29. Docker – CPU/Memory By default, a container can consume all available resources on the host machine if it requires it Limit CPU usage -c / --cpu-shares=1024 --cpu-period=25000 (microseconds) --cpu-quota=25000 (microseconds) Limit memory usage --memory 1024M --memory-swap 1024M By default, when you set --memory, docker will set the --memory-swap size twice --kernel-swap 1024M
- 30. Docker Security Scanning Security Scanning feature (Non Free): Docker Hub Docker Cloud
- 31. Docker Security non-events https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/non-events/ CVE-2013-1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1979, CVE-2014- 4014, 5206, 5207, 7970, 7975,CVE-2015-2925, 8543, CVE-2016-3134, 3135, CVE-2014-0181, CVE-2015-3339 CVE-2014-4699 CVE-2014-9529 CVE-2015-3214, 4036 CVE-2016-0728 CVE-2016-2383 CVE-2016-3134, 4997, 4998
- 32. Docker Security Scanning https://docs.docker.com/docker-cloud/builds/image-scan/ Free for Docker Cloud users Clair free Peekr Atomic Scan docker diff docker run --read-only … docker run -v directory:/directory:ro ..
- 33. Docker Bench Security - examples Host configuration [WARN] 1.1 – Create a separate partition for containers [WARN] 1.5 – Audit Docker daemon - /usr/bin/docker [WARN] 1.6 – Audit Docker files and directories - /var/lib/docker [WARN] 1.7 – Audit Docker files and directories - /etc/docker [WARN] 1.8 – Audit Docker files and directories - /etc/default/docker
- 34. Docker Bench Security - examples Docker daemon configuration [WARN] 2.1 – Restrict network traffic between containers [WARN] 2.8 – Enable user namespace support [WARN] 2.11 – Use Authorization plugin [WARN] 2.12 – Configure centralized and remote logging [WARN] 2.13 – Disable operations on legacy registry (v1) [WARN] 2.14 – Enable live restore [WARN] 2.18 – Disable Userland Proxy
- 35. Docker Bench Security - examples Docker daemon configuration files Container images and build files [WARN] 4.1 – Create a user and build files [WARN] 4.5 – Enable Content trust for Docker [WARN] 4.6 – Add HEALTHCHECK instruction to the container image
- 36. Docker Bench Security - examples Container runtime [WARN] 5.2 – Verify SELinux security options, if applicable [PASS] – 5.1 – Do not disable AppArmor Profile [WARN] 5.4 – Do not use privileged containers [WARN] 5.6 – Do not run ssh within containers [WARN] 5.10 – Limit memory usage for container [WARN] 5.11 – Set container CPU priority appriopriately [WARN] 5.12 – Mount container’s root files as read only [WARN] 5.13 – Bind incoming container traffic to a specific host interface [WARN] 5.14 – Set the ‘on-failure’ container restart policy to 5
- 37. Docker Bench Security - examples Docker security operations [INFO] 6.1 – Perform regular security audits of your host system and containers [INFO] 6.2 – Monitor Docker container usage, performance and metering [INFO] 6.3 – Backup container data [INFO] 6.4 – Avoid image sprawl [INFO] 6.5 – Avoid container sprawl
- 38. Third Party Security services Quay https://quay.io/ Clair https://github.com/coreos/clair/
- 39. Docker Swarm Docker Clusters Distribute containers across multiple hosts Scale Containers Docker Swarm standalone ended suport for version 1.11 in the first quarter in 2017 Docker 1.12 introduced Docker Swarm mode All function introduced
- 40. Docker Swarm Roles Swarm Manager Central management point of all Swarm hosts Commands to control nodes: switch between nodes, join nodes, remove nodes, manipulate hosts Each cluster can run several Swarm managers Recomended run a minimum of five Swarm managers (two noes failure before start have any errors) Swarm Worker Run docker containers
- 41. Docker - best practices One application per container Only install what you need Review who has access to your Docker hosts Use the latest version Use the resources
- 42. Docker Bench Security https://github.com/docker/docker-bench-security The Docker Bench Security is a script that checks for dozens of common best-practices around deploying Docker containers in production The tool will inspect: The host configuration The docker daemon configuration The docker daemon configuration files Container images and build files Container runtime The docker security operations
- 43. Tools cAdvisor https://github.com/google/cadvisor/ Analyzes resource usage and performance characteristics of running containers Node-exporter https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/ Exporter for machine metrics http://prometheus.io/ Prometheus https://prometheus.io/ Power your metrics and alerting with a leading open-source monitoring solution Grafana https://grafana.com/ The open platform for beautiful analytics and monitoring
- 44. Links https://labs.play-with-docker.com/ https://training.play-with-docker.com https://cloud.docker.com https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/dockerfile_best- practices https://circleci.com/pricing/ https://app.codeship.com/