Docker for Multi-Cloud Apps
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From SCALE13 session on 2015-02-22. Overview of Docker, swarm, and demonstration of docker-machine for easily bootstrapping container environments and swarm clusters.
![What’s an image repository?
• A place to store Docker container images
• Works just like a Git repository
– docker pull <name>
– docker push <name>[:<tag>]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/docker-for-multi-cloud-apps-150222132813-conversion-gate01/85/Docker-for-Multi-Cloud-Apps-13-320.jpg)
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Docker for Multi-Cloud Apps
- 2. Adrian Otto •Principal Architect, Rackspace •Chair of OpenStack Containers Team •PTL of Magnum (Containers-as-a-Service for OpenStack) •PTL of Solum (CI/CD for OpenStack) •Co-Chair of OASIS CAMP TC (Cloud Standards)
- 3. Containers for Multi-Cloud Apps 3www.rackspace.com
- 5. App 2 No, Don’t Straddle Clouds 1
- 6. Writing Portable Cloud Apps •Fog (Ruby) •Apache Libcloud (Python) •Apache Jclouds (Java) •Gophercloud (Go) •…
- 7. Handling Existing Apps - Overview • Containerize – Use a Dockerfile to create a container image – Store the image in a repository • Run Docker on your cloud servers • Back up your data to storage in the target cloud • Load your app image from the repo to run it • Load your data from your backup
- 9. I have a *lot* of cloud servers I have a *lot* of data! My app needs a separate database server What’s Docker? What’s an image repository? What’s a Dockerfile?
- 11. What’s Docker? • Allows for simplified management of containers – CLI, API – Example: docker run -p 80:80 web:latest • Docker container is an amalgam Cgroups Namespaces Image Docker Container
- 12. What’s a Dockerfile? FROM centos MAINTAINER [email protected] RUN yum -y install httpd EXPOSE 80 ADD start.sh /start.sh CMD /start.sh
- 13. What’s an image repository? • A place to store Docker container images • Works just like a Git repository – docker pull <name> – docker push <name>[:<tag>]
- 14. I have a *lot* of cloud servers •You need a utility with a resource scheduler –Nova, Magnum, Kubernetes, Mesos, Swarm, etc. •Treat application servers like cattle –Create them from container images using automation
- 15. My app needs a separate database server • Your database is also an app • Bind mount your data volume from the host –Example: •docker run -v /data/my_app:/my_app –p 3306:3306 mysql:latest • All prevailing orchestration systems allow you to define prerequisites. • Using Heat –Output of one resource can be the input to another.
- 16. Example HOT File with Dependency resources: server1: type: OS::Nova::Server depends_on: database_server database_server: type: OS::Trove::Instance properties: …
- 17. I have a *lot* of data •Don’t put “data” in containers •Replicate your data in each target cloud •Use prevailing techniques for incrementally streaming changes to your replicas •Bind mount your data volume(s) to your container(s)
- 18. Swarm - https://github.com/docker/swarm • Exposes a cluster of Docker hosts as one virtual host • Provides a Docker API • Includes Resource Scheduling – Filters: Constraint, Affinity, Port, Health – Strategies: Bin Packing, Random • A swarm agent runs on each Docker host
- 19. Swarm == Cool. • Combined view of multiple cloud hosts • Ability to selectively run containers on any of them CLI Swarmd 2 1 N
- 20. Best Practice: Clouds want cattle, not pets.
- 21. How do I make cattle? • Have a Dockerfile for each app • Create Docker Images • Deploy applications in containers • Use scripted orchestration for app deployment – Heat, Ansible, Chef, Puppet, etc. • Use a centralized log scheme – Logstash, Greylog, Kibana, etc.
- 22. Best Practice: Immutable Infrastructure •Run the same artifacts everywhere –Test –Staging –Production •Rationale –Less chance of environmental drift –Helps you to bridge the gap from pets to cattle
- 23. 23 Docker Topologies www.rackspace.com Hardware Hardware VM Kernel Docker Hypervisor VM Kernel Kernel Docker Docker C C C C C C C = Container Bare Metal – Single Tenant Virtualized – Multi-Tenant
- 24. •Do it by hand •Use a VM image with a docker daemon in it •docker-machine - https://github.com/docker/machine – Start machines on Cloud Servers •AWS, Azure, Digital Ocean, GCE, Hyper V, Softlayer, Rackspace, OpenStack, VMWare vCloud Air, VMWare vSphere, Microsoft Windows (+caveat) – Start machines on bare metal (OnMetal Flavors from Rackspace) •But wait… there’s MORE!!! 24 Where do babies come from? www.rackspace.com
- 25. $ export OS_REGION_NAME=IAD $ export OS_USERNAME=jdoe $ export OS_API_KEY=735590eaa1646e3ae79e6babbb7fd29f $ docker-machine create -d rackspace demo … $ $(docker-machine env demo) $ docker run -d centos:centos7 sleep 1d … 873f3fa9e2924a4ef1de114628491af4026837f6cc2be8813f9515e532ad2c74 $ 25 Use docker-machine to create VMs with Docker www.rackspace.com
- 26. $ docker-machine create -d virtualbox foo $ $(docker-machine env foo) $ docker run --rm swarm create ca6d7ef5272e0237b538cd685c26740d $ docker-machine create -d virtualbox --swarm --swarm-master --swarm-discovery token://ca6d7ef5272e0237b538cd685c26740d swarm-master $ $(docker-machine env --swarm swarm-master) $ docker-machine create -d virtualbox --swarm --swarm-discovery token://ca6d7ef5272e0237b538cd685c26740d swarm-node-00 $ docker-machine create -d virtualbox --swarm --swarm-discovery token://ca6d7ef5272e0237b538cd685c26740d swarm-node-01 26 Use docker-machine to create swarms www.rackspace.com
- 27. THANK YOU RACKSPACE® | 1 FANATICAL PLACE, CITY OF WINDCREST | SAN ANTONIO, TX 78218 US SALES: 1-800-961-2888 | US SUPPORT: 1-800-961-4454 | WWW.RACKSPACE.COM © RACKSPACE LTD. | RACKSPACE® AND FANATICAL SUPPORT® ARE SERVICE MARKS OF RACKSPACE US, INC. REGISTERED IN THE UNITED S TATES AND OTHER COUNTRIES. | WWW.RACKSPACE.COM
Editor's Notes
- #17: You can also do this with fig, kubernetes, and a variety of popular orchestration tools.