Docker + Microservices in Production
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This document discusses using Docker and microservices in production. It begins with an introduction and background on monolithic architectures and microservices architectures. It then provides an overview of Docker containers, how they can be used to implement a microservices architecture with tools like Rancher for deployment, service discovery, load balancing and scaling. The document demonstrates these concepts by walking through building a sample application with a web service and random number generation service running in Docker containers behind a load balancer.
![Build: Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:15.10
# Install PHP, and Apache
RUN apt-get update &&
apt-get -yq install
curl
apache2
libapache2-mod-php5
php5
# Copy code
RUN rm -r /var/www/html
COPY index.php /var/www/html/index.php
# Expose port and run apache
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["apachectl", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/44ac4563-5b89-4c4f-89ae-dff36cb424a6-161020172030/85/Docker-Microservices-in-Production-26-320.jpg)
![Our Service
Public Load
Balancer
Random Number
Service
Web
Private Load
Balancer
www
<?php
$ret = ["server_ip" => $_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR'],
"remote_ip" => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'],
"x_forwarded_for" =>
$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'],
"random_number_generator" => rand(0, 100)];
echo json_encode($ret);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/44ac4563-5b89-4c4f-89ae-dff36cb424a6-161020172030/85/Docker-Microservices-in-Production-46-320.jpg)
![Our Web head
Public Load
Balancer
Random Number
Service
Web
Private Load
Balancer
www
<?php
$randomNumberResponse =
file_get_contents(getenv("RANDOM_NUMBER_URL"));
$randomArr = json_decode(
$randomNumberResponse, true);
?>
<h1>Hello, your random number is:
<?=$randomArr['random_number_generator']?> </h1>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/44ac4563-5b89-4c4f-89ae-dff36cb424a6-161020172030/85/Docker-Microservices-in-Production-47-320.jpg)
![Docker for Developers - php[tek] 2017](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/dockerfordevelopers-trainingtek2017-170523133513-thumbnail.jpg?width=560&fit=bounds)
![[DockerCon 2019] Hardening Docker daemon with Rootless mode](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/hardeningdockerdaemonwithrootlessmode-190501210234-thumbnail.jpg?width=560&fit=bounds)
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Docker + Microservices in Production
- 1. Docker + Microservices in Production Austin PHP March 10, 2016
- 2. Who am I? Patrick Mizer ❏ Lead Engineer at SpareFoot ❏ 13 years developing for consumer web ❏ ZCE, AWS Associate Architect [email protected] GitHub: maximizer
- 3. ● Think Hotels.com for storage* ● Everything in AWS and (recently) in containers ● Continuous Delivery: ~100 deployments per week ● > 300 production containers ● Services handle hundreds of requests/sec * This kind of storage...
- 4. What I will talk about today ● Briefly: Monolithic Architectures & Microservices Architectures ● Briefly: Docker Containers, what are they? ● How to use Rancher & Containers to implement a production microservices architecture ○ Deployment ○ Service Discovery ○ Load balancing ○ Scaling ● Build something!
- 6. Monolithic Architecture Database Facility Component Reservation Component Unit Component Review Component A/B Testing Component Auth Component Load Balancer ● Single codebase ● Easy to deploy and debug ● All logic in memory ● Easy to scale out ● Centralized Ops team can easily manage
- 7. Monolithic Architecture Time Database Facility Component Reservation Component Unit Component Review Component A/B Testing Component Auth Component Load Balancer ● Team grows ● Codebase grows ○ Tight coupling of components ○ Language constraints ● No clear ownership ● Long deployment cycles ● Scaling = all or nothing
- 8. Microservices Architecture Facility Service Reservation Service A/B Testing Service Load Balancer Unit Service API GatewayAPI Gateway A/B Testing Service Reservation Service Facility Service Unit Service A/B Testing DB Unit DB
- 9. Microservices Architecture Facility Service Service Load Balancer Unit Service GatewayAPI Gateway A/B Testing Service Reservation Service Facility Service Unit Service A/B DB Unit DB Loosely Coupled + Bounded Context
- 10. Microservice Pros Facility Service Service Load Balancer Unit Service GatewayAPI Gateway A/B Testing Service Reservation Service Facility Service Unit Service A/B DB Unit DB ● Independent delivery ● Simpler deployments and rollbacks. ● Right code or framework for the service ● Fault Isolation
- 11. Microservice Challenges Facility Service Service Load Balancer Unit Service GatewayAPI Gateway A/B Testing Service Reservation Service Facility Service Unit Service A/B DB Unit DB ● Delivery automation ● Service Discovery ● Operational Overhead ● Networking errors ● DevOps
- 12. Independent Delivery Build Build Build Local Integration Staging Production Deploy
- 13. Independent Delivery Build Build Build Local Integration Staging Production Deploy Blocked!
- 14. Independent Delivery Build Build Build Local Integration Staging Production Deploy Build Build Build Build Deploy Build DeployBuild
- 15. Independent Delivery Build Build Build Local Integration Staging Production Deploy Blocked! Build Build Build Build Deploy Build DeployBuild
- 16. What is Docker? Build, ship, and run any application, anywhere… ● Build: Package your application in a container ● Ship: Move that container from one machine to another ● Run: Execute your application
- 18. The Container Metaphor Things to ship Platforms for shipped goods
- 19. The Container Metaphor Platforms for shipped goods
- 21. The Container Metaphor Standard Interface Standard Tools
- 22. The Container Metaphor Technologies Platforms
- 25. The Container Metaphor Standard Interface Standard Tools
- 26. Build: Dockerfile FROM ubuntu:15.10 # Install PHP, and Apache RUN apt-get update && apt-get -yq install curl apache2 libapache2-mod-php5 php5 # Copy code RUN rm -r /var/www/html COPY index.php /var/www/html/index.php # Expose port and run apache EXPOSE 80 CMD ["apachectl", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]
- 27. Build: Dockerfile Code Repository Host 1 ContainerNew Docker Engine Build Dockerfile + Code
- 28. Ship: Push & Pull Code Repository Host 1 Docker Image Registry ContainerNew Docker Engine Build Push Dockerfile + Code Container2 Container1 Container3 Host 2 Docker Engine Pull
- 29. Run: docker run Code Repository Host 1 Docker Image Registry ContainerNew Docker Engine Build Push Dockerfile + Code Container2 Container1 Container3 ContainerNew Host 2 Docker Engine Pull Run
- 30. Run: docker run Container2 Container1 Container3 ContainerNew Host 2 Docker Engine Run Running a container is fast! EC2 Instances = minutes Containers = milliseconds $ time docker run hello-world real 0m0.435s user 0m0.028s
- 31. Facility Service Service GatewayAPI Gateway A/B Testing Service Reservation Service Facility Service Microservices Application Isolation 1 microservice per container, each containers is independent. Heterogeneous Tech Language and framework are specific to the container. Easy Deployments We can push and pull images for free with Docker. Orchestration Tools Swarm, Compose, ECS, Tutum, Mesos, Kubernetes, and Rancher.
- 32. Docker + Microservice in Prod Our (abridged) production checklist: ● Deploy and Schedule ● Build in fault tolerance ● Service Discovery ● Scale
- 34. ● Resource Management ● Container Networking ● Service Discovery ● Load Balancing Rancher Server $ docker run -d --restart=always -p 8080:8080 rancher/server
- 35. Rancher Concepts ● Hosts ● Stacks Systems Architecture (hosts) Container Architecture (stacks) Deploy Networking Discovery Deploy Scheduling Scaling
- 36. Load Balancer Service container container containercontainer container container link Rancher: Container Architecture ● Stack ○ Services ○ Containers ● Load Balancer ● Links (cross stack) LB
- 37. Deploying containers Code Repository Host 1 Docker Image Registry ContainerNew Docker Engine Build Push Dockerfile + Code Container2 Container1 Container3 ContainerNew Host 2 Docker Engine Pull Run
- 38. MASTER BRANCH A Dev Staging Production
- 39. MASTER BRANCH A Dev Staging Production
- 43. Fault Tolerance - AWS + Rancher ELB LB LB US-EAST-1-A US-EAST-1-C LB US-EAST-1-B www
- 44. Scheduling and Scaling AWS Autoscaling Group Container Scale
- 45. So, let’s build something Public Load Balancer Random Number Service Web Private Load Balancer www Requirements ● Public access on port 80 to webheads ● Private access only to our super secure Random Number Service ● Fault Tolerant ○ Can persist one host failing ● Can scale both web and service independently
- 46. Our Service Public Load Balancer Random Number Service Web Private Load Balancer www <?php $ret = ["server_ip" => $_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR'], "remote_ip" => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'], "x_forwarded_for" => $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], "random_number_generator" => rand(0, 100)]; echo json_encode($ret);
- 47. Our Web head Public Load Balancer Random Number Service Web Private Load Balancer www <?php $randomNumberResponse = file_get_contents(getenv("RANDOM_NUMBER_URL")); $randomArr = json_decode( $randomNumberResponse, true); ?> <h1>Hello, your random number is: <?=$randomArr['random_number_generator']?> </h1>
- 48. Live demo!
- 49. Thank you! My containers: https://quay.io/repository/patjmizer/php-meetup-web https://quay.io/repository/patjmizer/php-meetup-service The code: https://github.com/maximizer/php-meetup-docker Wanna talk shop? Reach out: ● Email: [email protected] Questions?