Doctrine 2.0 Enterprise Persistence Layer for PHP
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One area that was mostly abandoned in applications is the Model layer. Doctrine is a project that brings enterprise support this layer through a powerful ORM implementation. Allied with new support introduced in PHP 5.3, Doctrine 2.0 brings the concept of ORM in PHP to the next level. It introduces a couple of concepts known from other languages and areas, like Annotations, Object Query Languages and Parsers. This talk will introduce these new concepts as well as explain most of its architecture.
![• Annotations EBNF – Yeah baby!
Annotation ::= "@" AnnotationName ["(" [Values] ")”]
AnnotationName ::= QualifiedName | SimpleName
QualifiedName ::= NameSpacePart "" {NameSpacePart ""}*
SimpleName
NameSpacePart ::= identifier
SimpleName ::= identifier
Values ::= Array | Value {"," Value}*
Value ::= PlainValue | FieldAssignment
PlainValue ::= integer | string | float | boolean |
Array | Annotation
FieldAssignment ::= FieldName "=" PlainValue
FieldName ::= identifier
Array ::= "{" ArrayEntry {"," ArrayEntry}* "}”
ArrayEntry ::= Value | KeyValuePair
KeyValuePair ::= Key "=" PlainValue
Key ::= string | integer](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/doctrine2-091020123004-phpapp01/85/Doctrine-2-0-Enterprise-Persistence-Layer-for-PHP-25-320.jpg)
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Doctrine 2.0 Enterprise Persistence Layer for PHP
- 1. Enterprise Persistence Layer for PHP
- 2. • Frontend web developer since 1998 • Moved to backend programming in 2002 • Currently employee of MIH – SWAT team • Committer of many O.S. projects, including Zend Framework, Symfony and Doctrine • Enjoys to play Age of Empires
- 3. Doctrine is an Object Relational Modeling tool for PHP, mostly inspired by Hibernate (Java) and ActiveRecord (Ruby)
- 4. • Very active community • Monthly releases • Current work branches: – 1.0 (LTS), 1.1, 1.2 (LTS), 2.0 (LTS)
- 5. • Integrates with many different frameworks: – Zend Framework – Symfony – CodeIgniter – Kohana – … • Supports all drivers supported by PDO
- 6. • Based on JSR-317 a.k.a. JPA v2.0 (~80%) • Java…. What?!? #$&*@! • PHP still lacks of standards • PHP Standards Group to the rescue!
- 7. Challenges
- 8. • No need to extend base class • New Reflection support • Benchmarks (˜50000 iterations): – Setter: • $o->prop set: 0.35872411727905 • $o->setProp: 0.61513090133667 (71% slower) • $reflProp->setValue: 0.67149507522583 (87% slower) – Getter: • $o->prop get: 0.25784397125244 • $o->getProp: 0.46534395217896 (80% slower) • $reflProp->getValue: 0.64541401863098 (150% slower)
- 9. • Optimize hydration of entities • Garbage Collector – Identity Map • spl_object_hash • SplObjectStorage vs. ArrayAccess
- 10. • Optimize hydration of Entities • Benchmarks: – Doctrine 1.1 • 4.3435637950897 for 5000 records – Doctrine 2.0 • 1.4314442552312 for 5000 records • 3.4690098762528 for 10000 records
- 11. • Replication support • Internal mindset change • No more weird DSN constructions • No more shared Identity Maps across multiple connections
- 12. • Huge API of public methods • Lambdas and Closures • Centralized entry points of methods • No singleton nightmares! - I have a problem! - You can fix it with a singleton. - Now I have 2 problems…
- 13. • RDBMS <-> PHP differences • Clean separation of Platforms via Dialects • Separation between DB value and PHP value • Extendable to user land
- 14. • String processing for DQL • Implemented a LL(*) parser • Constructs AST nodes • TreeWalkers to do compilation DQL -> SQL • Cache support to prevent overhead
- 15. • Metadata Mapping • Extendable mapping drivers • Should not mess Entities code – VOs • Cache support to prevent overhead
- 16. • Real Native SQL support • Introduction of ResultsetMapping support • Allow custom columns to be mapped into VOs • Specific DBMS SQL supported
- 17. • Commit ordering • True multigraph implementation • Topological Sorting • Prevents cycles • F*cking incredible fast!
- 18. Almost 95% of codebase rewritten Requires PHP 5.3
- 19. Simplified public API Smaller footprint
- 20. Un-necessary clutter removed No more cyclic references
- 21. Code heavily decoupled Extremely extendable
- 22. • Three main packages: – Common – DBAL – ORM – Maybe in the future ODM… • Anyone interested to contribute?
- 23. • Class Loaders • Annotations support • Collection • Cache • Event System • Common LL(*) classes
- 24. • Class loaders: – GlobalClassLoader – IsolatedClassLoader
- 25. • Annotations EBNF – Yeah baby! Annotation ::= "@" AnnotationName ["(" [Values] ")”] AnnotationName ::= QualifiedName | SimpleName QualifiedName ::= NameSpacePart "" {NameSpacePart ""}* SimpleName NameSpacePart ::= identifier SimpleName ::= identifier Values ::= Array | Value {"," Value}* Value ::= PlainValue | FieldAssignment PlainValue ::= integer | string | float | boolean | Array | Annotation FieldAssignment ::= FieldName "=" PlainValue FieldName ::= identifier Array ::= "{" ArrayEntry {"," ArrayEntry}* "}” ArrayEntry ::= Value | KeyValuePair KeyValuePair ::= Key "=" PlainValue Key ::= string | integer
- 26. • Use DBAL independent of ORM • Powerful Database Abstraction Layer • Always existed, but it wasn’t advertised • Can be a separate package in the future
- 27. • Platforms, Drivers and SchemaManagers • Nested transactions • Fully supports: – Schemas – Sequences – Catalogs
- 30. • Supports: – One-to-one – One-to-many – Many-to-many • Multigraph – Unidirectional – Bidirectional
- 31. • Simplified bootstrap code
- 32. • Driver based Metadata – Annotations – PHP – XML – YAML – … your own?!
- 37. • Working with objects
- 38. • Doctrine Query Language – Similar do HQL or JPQL – Automatically makes join restrictions – Supports inheritance natively – Can be boosted by usage of a Query Cache – Easily extendable
- 39. • Querying – DQL string – QueryBuilder object (Criteria) – Native SQL query
- 43. • Directed Acyclic Graphs • Easily extendable • Several handy tasks to help development – Schema-tool – Generate-proxies – Convert-mapping – Run-sql – Run-dql
- 46. Guilherme Blanco guilhermeblanco gmail com +55 16 9215.8480 http://www.doctrine-project.org
Editor's Notes
- #4: Project started in 2005/2006 by Konsta Currently maintained by Jonathan Wage, Roman Borschel and Guilherme Blanco
- #5: Active community: IRC, Mailing List, Cookbook, etc 1.0 LTS (support ends in March 2010) 1.1 (supports ends in November 2009) 1.2 LTS (support ends in March 2011) 2.0 LTS (support ends in March 2011)
- #7: Doctrine team follows all functional specs Wants to contribute to PHP Standards Group
- #9: Optimize Reflection even more!
- #11: Hydration start/end: memory remains almost the same amount (thanks to GC!)
- #12: EntityManagers for the rescue! Sharding in the future? Maybe in 2.X!
- #14: Dialects reuse methods of Platforms SchemaManagers are responsible for complex tasks (CREATE TABLE, INDEX, UPDATE TABLE, etc)
- #15: Top-down recursive descent parser AST class names follows EBNF grammar rules Reuses Platform to support SQL differences
- #16: Annotations support is a LL(*) parser too =D
- #18: OTHER STUFF!!! CLI Tasks - DAGs to control options dependencies and exclusions TBF! Reverse engineering (DB -> VOs + Mappings) Mapping conversion between drivers Schema Generation Tool (create, drop & update) Proxy Objects (for Lazy-Loading) Event System Centralized Configuration Multi-level Caching support (APC, Memcache, Xcache)
- #31: Self referencing, one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many Owning side and inverse side. Owning side determines updates to Database
- #39: DQL: Looks like SQL, but it isn’t! Supports SELECT, UPDATE and DELETE
- #40: Criteria: Fluent vs. Programmatically API