Domain Name System and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.pptxUsmanAhmed269749
Introduction to DNS and DHCP. The presentations highlights the introduction of Domain name System and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. These are essential study part in computer networking
Internet Technology Lectures
URL-DNS
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube link: https://youtu.be/pOx04uODo5o
in this presentation their is the detailed information regarding Domain Name System that is DNS.
What is DNS,how it works,query, resolution wtc all are being covered thoroughly in this presentation as it would have in for all new upcoming Engineering students to know about the DNS as well as would also help employees to get the better understanding regarding the protocol.
The complete agenda of the presentation is to provide the detailed knowledge regarding dns as its the most basic protocol used in Web development.
Hope you would like it. If so please do like share and subscribe.
How DNS works and How to secure it: An Introductionyasithbagya1
The document discusses DNS (Domain Name System) and how to secure it. It explains that DNS translates domain names to IP addresses, involving recursive queries to root nameservers and authoritative nameservers. Common DNS attacks are spoofing, poisoning, hijacking, amplification and flooding. Recommended security measures include DNS encryption using DNS over HTTPS and TLS, DNSSEC for response authentication, DNSCrypt for encryption and anonymity, redundant infrastructure for DDoS protection, and DNS firewalls.
DNS is a distributed database that translates hostnames to IP addresses. It operates through a hierarchy of root servers, top-level domain servers, and authoritative name servers. DNS provides additional services like load balancing and mail server aliasing. Queries are resolved through recursive or iterative lookups between clients and servers to map names to addresses.
The domain name system (DNS) translates domain names that people use, like "example.com", into the IP addresses that computers use to locate websites, like "203.0.113.72". DNS servers perform this translation through a process where they first check their own records, then query other name servers like root and top-level domain servers if needed, until they can retrieve the IP address associated with the requested domain name. This process is called DNS resolution and allows browsers to load webpages by converting user-entered domain names into a format computers can understand.
This document discusses the Domain Name System (DNS) and its objectives, need, services, and workings. The key points are:
DNS provides hostname to IP address translation, allowing humans to use hostnames while computers use IP addresses. It is a distributed database system with local, root, and authoritative name servers. DNS also provides host aliasing, mail server aliasing, and load distribution services. Resource records containing hostname mappings are stored across name servers, with caching to improve efficiency.
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names to IP addresses and lists mail servers for each domain. It works by organizing domain names in a hierarchical tree structure with authoritative name servers at each level publishing information about domains below them. When resolving a domain name, a DNS server first checks its cache, then queries root servers, then name servers for higher level domains, progressing down the tree until the IP address is found.
The document discusses the Domain Name System (DNS) which works to match domain names to IP addresses and vice versa. It describes how DNS was developed in the 1980s as the number of internet hosts grew dramatically. It also discusses DNS structure, name resolution methods, DNS queries, name server types, designing a good DNS, and DNS security issues. DNS is a critical service that binds internet servers worldwide by providing a distributed database for resolving domain names to IP addresses.
This document provides an overview of the Domain Name System (DNS). It discusses what DNS is, why names are used instead of IP addresses, and the history and development of DNS. It describes the hierarchical name space and domain system. It also explains different DNS record types like A, CNAME, MX, and NS records. The document discusses recursive and iterative queries, legal users of domains, and security issues with the traditional DNS system. It provides an overview of how DNSSEC aims to address some of these security issues through digital signing of DNS records.
The application layer sits at Layer 7, the top of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) communications model. It ensures an application can effectively communicate with other applications on different computer systems and networks. The application layer is not an application.
A Domain Name System assigns an alphabetic name to a numeric IP address and is made up of multiple Domain Name servers that enable IP address mapping for devices on the Internet (usually servers).
This ppt explains the DNS
in an easy way with the help of examples using the cisco packet tracer. This creates an easy understanding of the DNS server, it's working, and its usage.
Domain Name System (DNS) - Domain Registration and Website Hosting BasicsAsif Shahzad
I teach Web Technologies course at COMSATS University to undergrad students. These are lectures slides prepared for students. I thought to share it with all. Hope you would like it. It contains good enough details about how DNS, Hosting and Domain Registration works.
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system that translates human-readable domain names to machine-readable IP addresses. When a user enters a domain name, the browser sends a DNS query to local resolving servers, which don't have the requested address but know the locations of root servers. The root servers help locate authoritative name servers that can provide the exact IP address corresponding to the requested domain name. This IP address is then returned to the resolving server, cached, and passed back to the browser so it can access the intended website.
DNS maps host names to IP addresses in a hierarchical distributed system. It uses a client-server model where DNS clients query DNS servers to map names to addresses. DNS servers are authoritative for different zones of the domain name space, which is divided hierarchically into domains. DNS servers can provide recursive or iterative resolution of queries. Responses contain the requested mapping along with additional caching and timing information.
The DNS name resolution process involves a DNS server checking its local cache, hosts file, and forwarding the request to higher-level DNS servers if the address is not found. As a last resort, the root hints file is used to forward the request to a root DNS server, which will then direct the request to a top-level domain server that can provide the IP address. DNS translates hostnames to IP addresses through a hierarchical system of root, top-level, and authoritative DNS servers.
Secure Shell (SSH) and Domain Name Server (DNS)
SSH provides strong encryption and authentication for remote login, command execution, and file transfer between machines. DNS is a distributed database that maps domain names to IP addresses through a hierarchy of name servers. It allows clients to find IP addresses for websites through queries to authoritative DNS servers. DNS organization involves storing records with domain names, IP addresses, and time-to-live information in a tree-like structure maintained across root, top-level, and authoritative name servers.
The document discusses DNS (Domain Name System) which is a naming system that translates domain names to IP addresses. It explains that DNS servers map domain names that people use, like "example.com", to the corresponding IP addresses that computers use to locate websites. DNS is necessary because computers communicate using IP addresses, not domain names. The document provides details on how DNS works, the different types of DNS servers involved in lookups, and concepts like DNS caching and DNS resolution.
The document provides an overview of the application layer and several key protocols and concepts:
- It describes the Domain Name System (DNS) and its role in mapping domain names to IP addresses through a distributed database and hierarchy of name servers. The registration process for obtaining domain names is also outlined.
- Resource records are discussed as the basic units of information in the DNS database, with examples given of common record types like A, CNAME, NS, and PTR.
- Name servers are defined as root servers, top-level domain servers, and authoritative servers that host parts of the domain name hierarchy.
- The concepts of zones, which are areas of responsibility for individual name servers, and iterative and
1. DNS resolves computer names to IP addresses through a hierarchical system of DNS servers and zones.
2. DNS servers contain DNS databases and resolve queries by providing the requested information directly or referring to other servers.
3. A DNS zone is a contiguous portion of the DNS namespace for which a DNS server is authoritative, containing domain records in zone files.
The document provides an overview of the Domain Name System (DNS) including its history, key components, and configuration. DNS converts domain names to IP addresses and vice versa by using a distributed database with a hierarchical structure. The database is divided into zones stored on nameservers. Resolvers query nameservers to lookup names and return results to requesting programs. The document outlines the DNS namespace, nameservers, zones, resource records, configuration files, and utilities for testing and querying DNS.
1. The document discusses several protocols used to translate between different address types on a network, including DNS, DHCP, and ARP. DNS is a hierarchical and distributed system that maps hostnames to IP addresses. DHCP dynamically assigns IP configuration to hosts, while ARP maps IP addresses to MAC addresses for sending packets on the local link.
2. When a host first connects to the network, it uses DHCP to dynamically obtain its IP configuration including IP address, subnet mask, gateway, and DNS servers. It then uses ARP to discover the MAC address associated with destination IP addresses, allowing it to encapsulate IP packets for transmission on the link.
3. DNS uses a distributed database of name servers to lookup mappings between hostnames and
The document discusses how the Domain Name System (DNS) works by translating domain names to IP addresses. It involves the following steps:
1) A user enters a domain name in their browser. Their computer first checks its local DNS cache for the IP address.
2) If not found locally, the computer queries a recursive DNS server, typically provided by the user's Internet Service Provider.
3) If the recursive DNS server doesn't have the IP address, it queries the root name servers which direct the query to the authoritative name servers for the top-level domain (e.g. .com, .org).
4) The authoritative name servers for the specific domain (e.g. ut
Computer Networks Module 1 - part 2.pdfShanthalaKV
18CS52 VTU Computer Network & Security
MODULE 1-Part 2
DNS; The Internet's Directory Service: Services Provided by DNS, Overview of How DNS Works, DNS Records and Messages, Peer-to-Peer Applications: P2P File Distribution, Distributed Hash Tables, Socket Programming: creating Network Applications: Socket Programming with UDP, Socket Programming with TCP.
The document discusses the Domain Name System (DNS) which works to match domain names to IP addresses and vice versa. It describes how DNS was developed in the 1980s as the number of internet hosts grew dramatically. It also discusses DNS structure, name resolution methods, DNS queries, name server types, designing a good DNS, and DNS security issues. DNS is a critical service that binds internet servers worldwide by providing a distributed database for resolving domain names to IP addresses.
This document provides an overview of the Domain Name System (DNS). It discusses what DNS is, why names are used instead of IP addresses, and the history and development of DNS. It describes the hierarchical name space and domain system. It also explains different DNS record types like A, CNAME, MX, and NS records. The document discusses recursive and iterative queries, legal users of domains, and security issues with the traditional DNS system. It provides an overview of how DNSSEC aims to address some of these security issues through digital signing of DNS records.
The application layer sits at Layer 7, the top of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) communications model. It ensures an application can effectively communicate with other applications on different computer systems and networks. The application layer is not an application.
A Domain Name System assigns an alphabetic name to a numeric IP address and is made up of multiple Domain Name servers that enable IP address mapping for devices on the Internet (usually servers).
This ppt explains the DNS
in an easy way with the help of examples using the cisco packet tracer. This creates an easy understanding of the DNS server, it's working, and its usage.
Domain Name System (DNS) - Domain Registration and Website Hosting BasicsAsif Shahzad
I teach Web Technologies course at COMSATS University to undergrad students. These are lectures slides prepared for students. I thought to share it with all. Hope you would like it. It contains good enough details about how DNS, Hosting and Domain Registration works.
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system that translates human-readable domain names to machine-readable IP addresses. When a user enters a domain name, the browser sends a DNS query to local resolving servers, which don't have the requested address but know the locations of root servers. The root servers help locate authoritative name servers that can provide the exact IP address corresponding to the requested domain name. This IP address is then returned to the resolving server, cached, and passed back to the browser so it can access the intended website.
DNS maps host names to IP addresses in a hierarchical distributed system. It uses a client-server model where DNS clients query DNS servers to map names to addresses. DNS servers are authoritative for different zones of the domain name space, which is divided hierarchically into domains. DNS servers can provide recursive or iterative resolution of queries. Responses contain the requested mapping along with additional caching and timing information.
The DNS name resolution process involves a DNS server checking its local cache, hosts file, and forwarding the request to higher-level DNS servers if the address is not found. As a last resort, the root hints file is used to forward the request to a root DNS server, which will then direct the request to a top-level domain server that can provide the IP address. DNS translates hostnames to IP addresses through a hierarchical system of root, top-level, and authoritative DNS servers.
Secure Shell (SSH) and Domain Name Server (DNS)
SSH provides strong encryption and authentication for remote login, command execution, and file transfer between machines. DNS is a distributed database that maps domain names to IP addresses through a hierarchy of name servers. It allows clients to find IP addresses for websites through queries to authoritative DNS servers. DNS organization involves storing records with domain names, IP addresses, and time-to-live information in a tree-like structure maintained across root, top-level, and authoritative name servers.
The document discusses DNS (Domain Name System) which is a naming system that translates domain names to IP addresses. It explains that DNS servers map domain names that people use, like "example.com", to the corresponding IP addresses that computers use to locate websites. DNS is necessary because computers communicate using IP addresses, not domain names. The document provides details on how DNS works, the different types of DNS servers involved in lookups, and concepts like DNS caching and DNS resolution.
The document provides an overview of the application layer and several key protocols and concepts:
- It describes the Domain Name System (DNS) and its role in mapping domain names to IP addresses through a distributed database and hierarchy of name servers. The registration process for obtaining domain names is also outlined.
- Resource records are discussed as the basic units of information in the DNS database, with examples given of common record types like A, CNAME, NS, and PTR.
- Name servers are defined as root servers, top-level domain servers, and authoritative servers that host parts of the domain name hierarchy.
- The concepts of zones, which are areas of responsibility for individual name servers, and iterative and
1. DNS resolves computer names to IP addresses through a hierarchical system of DNS servers and zones.
2. DNS servers contain DNS databases and resolve queries by providing the requested information directly or referring to other servers.
3. A DNS zone is a contiguous portion of the DNS namespace for which a DNS server is authoritative, containing domain records in zone files.
The document provides an overview of the Domain Name System (DNS) including its history, key components, and configuration. DNS converts domain names to IP addresses and vice versa by using a distributed database with a hierarchical structure. The database is divided into zones stored on nameservers. Resolvers query nameservers to lookup names and return results to requesting programs. The document outlines the DNS namespace, nameservers, zones, resource records, configuration files, and utilities for testing and querying DNS.
1. The document discusses several protocols used to translate between different address types on a network, including DNS, DHCP, and ARP. DNS is a hierarchical and distributed system that maps hostnames to IP addresses. DHCP dynamically assigns IP configuration to hosts, while ARP maps IP addresses to MAC addresses for sending packets on the local link.
2. When a host first connects to the network, it uses DHCP to dynamically obtain its IP configuration including IP address, subnet mask, gateway, and DNS servers. It then uses ARP to discover the MAC address associated with destination IP addresses, allowing it to encapsulate IP packets for transmission on the link.
3. DNS uses a distributed database of name servers to lookup mappings between hostnames and
The document discusses how the Domain Name System (DNS) works by translating domain names to IP addresses. It involves the following steps:
1) A user enters a domain name in their browser. Their computer first checks its local DNS cache for the IP address.
2) If not found locally, the computer queries a recursive DNS server, typically provided by the user's Internet Service Provider.
3) If the recursive DNS server doesn't have the IP address, it queries the root name servers which direct the query to the authoritative name servers for the top-level domain (e.g. .com, .org).
4) The authoritative name servers for the specific domain (e.g. ut
Computer Networks Module 1 - part 2.pdfShanthalaKV
18CS52 VTU Computer Network & Security
MODULE 1-Part 2
DNS; The Internet's Directory Service: Services Provided by DNS, Overview of How DNS Works, DNS Records and Messages, Peer-to-Peer Applications: P2P File Distribution, Distributed Hash Tables, Socket Programming: creating Network Applications: Socket Programming with UDP, Socket Programming with TCP.
Module 5 waste management.pptx for vtu studentsManjunath852579
This document provides information on waste management and hazardous waste. It discusses identification and classification of hazardous waste, treatment methods, pollution prevention strategies, hazardous waste management in India, and e-waste recycling. The key points are hazardous waste is identified and classified according to lists and characteristics. Treatment methods include physical, chemical, thermal, and biological processes. Pollution can be prevented through waste minimization and audits. India's laws govern hazardous waste management through agencies like CPCB. E-waste recycling aims to recover resources and safely dispose of hazardous materials.
This document discusses solid waste management. It covers topics like waste stream assessment, waste generation and composition, waste characteristics, and the health and environmental effects of improper waste management. Waste stream assessment involves determining waste quantities, composition, and sources through methods like waste sorting, vehicle weighing, and field visits. Waste generation and composition are important for planning waste management systems. The physical and chemical characteristics of waste, like density, moisture content, and heating values, influence management approaches. Poor management can spread diseases, pollute water and air, and endanger worker health.
This document provides information about the course code BETCK105F/205F, which covers topics related to solid waste management. The course outcomes include applying concepts of solid waste management, understanding waste assessment and characteristics, applying waste processing and disposal technologies, designing waste to energy models, and managing hazardous waste. The document further provides details on solid waste classification, management systems, factors impacting management, and statistics on waste generation in India. It discusses key concepts like environmentally sound management, appropriate technologies, and the composition of solid waste in India.
This document provides information about waste processing techniques and source reduction, product recovery, and recycling. It discusses the purpose of waste processing, including improving waste management efficiency, recovering materials for reuse, and recovering energy. Mechanical volume and size reduction techniques are covered, including compaction to reduce waste volume and shredding to reduce waste size. Component separation techniques like air separation and magnetic separation are also summarized.
The document provides a history of the Constitution of India from ancient times to modern independence. It discusses the Edicts of Ashoka from the 3rd century BC, which established early constitutional principles. It then covers the periods of East India Company rule from the 16th to 19th centuries, and the evolution of the constitution under British rule through acts passed in 1858, 1861, 1892, 1909, 1919 and 1935. The constitution finally came into effect in 1950 after independence.
The document discusses the constitution of India, including:
1. It provides context on the framing of the Indian constitution by the constituent assembly between 1946-1949.
2. Key figures involved in drafting the constitution are mentioned, including Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar who chaired the drafting committee.
3. The constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950, establishing India as a sovereign democratic republic.
This document provides information about the Fifth edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Blood bank management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The main objective of the “Blood Bank management System” all the details in the Blood
Bank’sprocess. This project has some tasks to maintain the Blood Bank through computerization.
Using this blood bank system people can search blood group available which they are needed.
They check it on using our blood bank management website. If in case blood group is not available
in blood bank they can also contact numbers of the persons who has the same blood group he is
need. And he can request the person to done the blood for saving someone life.
The Project describes the smart Blood Bank management system. This report will help you
to know in deep the actual work that has been done as a team work. The main objective of this
application is to automate the complete operations of the blood bank. They need to maintain
hundreds of thousands of records. Also searching should be very faster, so they can find required
details instantly. Main objective is to create a system which helps them to complete their work
faster in simple way by using computer not the oldest way which is used paper. Also our project
contains updated information and many things else.
The project consists of a central repository containing various blood deposits available
along with associated details. These details include blood type, storage area and date of storage.
These details help in maintaining and monitoring the blood deposits. The project is an online
system that allows checking weather required blood deposits of a particular group are available in
the blood bank. Moreover the system also has added features such as patient name and contacts,
blood booking and even need for certain blood group is posted on the website to find available
donors for a blood emergency. This online system is developed on PHP platform and supported
by an MYSQL database to store blood and user specific details.
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SECURITY AND IT’S PROTECTION METHODSsamueljackson3773
In this paper, the author discusses the concerns of using various wireless communications and how to use
them safely. The author also discusses the future of the wireless industry, wireless communication
security, protection methods, and techniques that could help organizations establish a secure wireless
connection with their employees. The author also discusses other essential factors to learn and note when
manufacturing, selling, or using wireless networks and wireless communication systems.
A SEW-EURODRIVE brake repair kit is needed for maintenance and repair of specific SEW-EURODRIVE brake models, like the BE series. It includes all necessary parts for preventative maintenance and repairs. This ensures proper brake functionality and extends the lifespan of the brake system
David Boutry - Mentors Junior DevelopersDavid Boutry
David Boutry is a Senior Software Engineer in New York with expertise in high-performance data processing and cloud technologies like AWS and Kubernetes. With over eight years in the field, he has led projects that improved system scalability and reduced processing times by 40%. He actively mentors aspiring developers and holds certifications in AWS, Scrum, and Azure.
This study will provide the audience with an understanding of the capabilities of soft tools such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Model Trees (MT), and Multi-Gene Genetic Programming (MGGP) as a statistical downscaling tool. Many projects are underway around the world to downscale the data from Global Climate Models (GCM). The majority of the statistical tools have a lengthy downscaling pipeline to follow. To improve its accuracy, the GCM data is re-gridded according to the grid points of the observed data, standardized, and, sometimes, bias-removal is required. The current work suggests that future precipitation can be predicted by using precipitation data from the nearest four grid points as input to soft tools and observed precipitation as output. This research aims to estimate precipitation trends in the near future (2021-2050), using 5 GCMs, for Pune, in the state of Maharashtra, India. The findings indicate that each one of the soft tools can model the precipitation with excellent accuracy as compared to the traditional method of Distribution Based Scaling (DBS). The results show that ANN models appear to give the best results, followed by MT, then MGGP, and finally SVR. This work is one of a kind in that it provides insights into the changing monsoon season in Pune. The anticipated average precipitation levels depict a rise of 300–500% in January, along with increases of 200-300% in February and March, and a 100-150% increase for April and December. In contrast, rainfall appears to be decreasing by 20-30% between June and September.
2. DNS in the Internet
DNS is a protocol that can be used in different platforms.
It translates human readable domain names (for example,
www.amazon.com) to machine readable IP addresses (for
example, 192.0.2.44).
In the Internet, the domain name space (tree) was originally
divided into three different sections:
• generic domains, country domains, and the inverse domains.
6. Resolution
•Mapping a name to an address is called name-address
resolution.
•DNS is designed as a client-server application. A host
that needs to map an address to a name or a name to
an address calls a DNS client called a resolver.
•The resolver accesses the closest DNS server with a
mapping request.
7. CONTINUED..
• If the server has the information, it satisfies the resolver;
otherwise, it either refers the resolver to other
• servers or asks other servers to provide the information.
• After the resolver receives the mapping, it interprets the
response to see if it is a real resolution or an
• error, and finally delivers the result to the process that
requested it.
• A resolution can be either recursive or iterative.
8. Recursive Resolution
• The application program on the source host calls the DNS resolver
(client) to find the IP address of the destination host.
• The resolver, which does not know this address, sends the query to
the local DNS server (for example,dns.anet.com) running at the Anet
ISP site (event 1).
10. Iterative Resolution
• In iterative resolution, each server that does not know the mapping
sends the IP address of the next Server back to the one that
requested it.
• Normally the iterative resolution takes place between two local
servers; the original resolver gets the final answer from the local
server.
