Dravya - Detailed dravyas for BAMS
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This document provides details on four Dravyas - Ashwagandha, Asoka, Ativisha, and Bakuchi. It describes their botanical names, families, synonyms, characteristics mentioned in classical texts, morphology, chemical constituents, and self-work questions for each one. Key information includes Ashwagandha being in the Solanaceae family and having alkaloids and withanolides in its roots. Asoka is in the Caesalpinoideae family and has tannin, catechin, and catechol in its bark. Ativisha has different varieties and is known as a deepaneeya, pachaneeya, and sarvadoshahara.
Dravya - Detailed dravyas for BAMS
- 1. Detailed Dravyas Ashwagandha, Asoka, Ativisha, Bakuchi For BAMS students Dr. Remya Krishnan MD PhD
- 2. Ashwagandha • Botanical name – Withania somnifera • Family- Solanaceae • Synonyms: Turagi,Pivari, Vajigandha, Varahakarni, Balya • Charaka- Balya, Brimhaneeya, Madhura skandha
- 3. Morphology • Under shrub with erect stem • Leaves- Entire, obovate , subacute • Flowers- Axillary, sessile fascicled or solitary,hermaphrodite,campanulate calyx and corolla • Fruits- Berry ( globose) • Useful part – Root
- 5. Chemical constituents ` • Roots – Alkaloids –Withaferin A, Withanolide A to Y, Withanone, Withasomniferin A,Somnirol, Somnitol
- 6. Self work • Write the Rasa panchaka, Doshaghna Karma, Bheshaja karmas and Rogaghna karmas of Ashagandha based on the evidence. • Yogas: Ashwagandha choorna , Ashwagandhaavaleha , Ashwagandhaarishta
- 7. Asoka • Saraca Asoka • Caesalpinoideae • Kankeli, Madhupushpa,Rakta pallava,Vanjulah • Hema pushpa, Gatasoka • Charaka : Kashaya skandha, Vedanaasthaapana • Susrutha- Lodhradi gana • Vagbhata – lodhradi gana
- 8. Morphology • Small evergreen tree 6-9mts high • Bark- With warty surface,dark brown to grey, or almost black • Leaves- Paripinnate,15-20cms long,leaflets 6-12, oblong or oblong lanceolate • Flowers-In dense axillary corymbs , fragrant, orange or orange yellow • Fruit- Flat oblong woody pods • Seeds- Ellipsoid, oblong, compressed seeds
- 10. Chemical constituents • Useful part – Stem bark • Constituents :Alkanes, Esters and primary alcohol , n- Octacosanol, Tannin, Catachin , Catechol
- 11. Self work • Write Rasa panchaka,BK and RK based on evidence • Yogas:Ashokaarishta, Ashoka ghrita
- 12. Ativisha • Aconitum heterophyllum • Ranunculaceae • Synonyms: Aruna, Ardra,Upavisha,Pita vallabha, Mahaushadha, Shyama kanda,Sveta vacha • Agryoushadha : “ Ativishaa deepaneeya pachaneeya sangrahika sarvadoshaharaanaam”( Cha. Su 25)
- 13. Varieties • Vagbhata – Ativisha , Visha • Sodhala- Shukla, Krishna , Aruna • Madanadi Nighantu- Rakta, Shwetha,Krishna, Peetha
- 14. • Charaka- Lekhaneeya, Arshoghna,Tikta skandha, Sirovirechana • Susrutha-Pippalyadi, Mustadi, Vachadi • Vagbhata-Lekhaneeya, Arshoghna, pippalyadi, Mustadi, Vachadi • Adulterant: Cryptocoryne spiralis
- 15. Morphology • Roots- Biennial, paired, tuberous, whitish or grey • Stem- Erect, simple or branched , pubescent above, glabrous below • Leaves; Hetermorphous,glabrous, lowest on long petioles , blade orbicular cordate or ovate cordate in outline with a narrow sinus to the middle • Inflorescence; Slender raceme,or a lax, leafy panicle , bluish sepals,five carpels , elliptic oblong • Linear oblong follicles , seeds blackish brown
- 17. Self work • Write Rasa panchaka , DK, BK and RK based on evidence • Prabhava - Vishahara • Yogas: Ativishaavaleha,Dasangaagadam, Bala chaturbhadra choorna
- 18. Bakuchi • Psoralea corylifolia • Pappilonaceae • Avalguja, Kushdhaghni,Krishna phala, Somaraji • Charaka – Tikta skandha
- 19. Varieties • Svetha, Krishna as per Susrutha Sutra • White variety- Medhya rasayana Morphology • Erect annual herb,180 cms long. • Leaves; Broadly elliptic, inciso- dentate • Flowers; In axillary long peduncled heads, bluish purple or yellow • Fruits- Indehiscent ovate pods , dark chocolate • Seed- One smooth seed adhering to pericarp
- 21. Chemical constituents • Useful part :Seed, powder dosage : 1-3 gms • Constituents:Raffinose, Psoralen, Isopsoralen,Corylifolean,Corylifolin,Psoralidin, Isopsoralydin.
- 22. Self work • Write Rasapanchaka , DK, BK and RK based on evidence • Yogas: Avalgujabeejadi choorna.
- 23. REVISE WELL BY MAKING STUDY NOTES EVERY DAY