DSLs in Lisp and Clojure
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This talk has been given by Dmitry Bushenko at the 4th meetup of Belarusia Scala Enthusiasts in Minsk
![Другой пример DSL на ruby[:computer, [:processor, [:cores, 2], [:type, :i386]], [:disk, [:size, 75], [:speed, 7200], [:interface, :sata]]]Computer: processor: cores -- 2 type -- i386 disk: size -- 75 speed -- 7200 interface -- SATA23](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-12-320.jpg)
![Как добавить сюда управляющие конструкции?computer() . . ..disk() .size(75) .speed(7200) .sata().end();[:computer,. . . [:disk, [:size, 75], [:speed, 7200], [:interface, :sata]]]22](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-13-320.jpg)
![Как добавить сюда управляющие конструкции?computer(). . ..times(2) .disk() .size(75) .speed(7200) .sata().end_times().end();[:computer, . . .2.times do |i| [:disk, [:size, 75], [:speed, 7200], [:interface, :sata]]end]21](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-14-320.jpg)
![Unless == not ifШаблон: unlessПараметры: cond, body (if (not (cond) body)(defmacro unless [condbody]`(if (not ~cond) ~body))13](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-22-320.jpg)
)(infix 2 + 5)7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-24-320.jpg)
![(for (i = 0, i < 3, i ++) (println i))(defmacro for [args & body] (let [a1 (nth args 0) a2 (nth args 1) a3 (nth args 2) a4 (nth args 3) a5 (nth args 4)a6 (nth args 5) a7 (nth args 6) a8 (nth args 7)] (cond (not (= a1 a4 a7)) (throw (Exception. "Use the same variable for the cycle")) (not (= a2 '=)) (throw (Exception. "Use the '=' for the variable assignment")) (not (contains? #{'> '< '>= '<= '=} a5)) (throw (Exception. "Use one of the operators: =, <, <=, >, >=")) (not (contains? #{'++ '--} a8)) (throw (Exception. "Use one of the operators: ++, --")) :default (let [op (if (= a8 '++) 'inc 'dec)] `(loop [~a1 ~a3] (if (not (~a5 ~a1 ~a6)) ~a1 (do ~@body (recur (~op ~a1)))))))))10](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-25-320.jpg)
![Анафорический макрос(defmacro not-nil ([exprthen & else] (let [result (symbol "result")] `(let [~result ~expr] (if (not (nil? ~result)) ~then(do ~@else))))))user> (not-nil (+ 2 3) (println result))5user> (not-nil nil (println result) (println "The result is nil!"))The result is nil!08](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-27-320.jpg)
![Расставим скобочки…(def-reader SVCLFOWLER[4 18 CustomerName] [19 23 CustomerID] [24 27 CallTypeCode] [28 35 DateOfCallString])(def-reader USGE103 [4 8 CustomerID] [9 22 CustomerName] [30 30 Cycle] [31 36 ReadDate])04](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clojuredslmeetup4-110911130016-phpapp02/85/DSLs-in-Lisp-and-Clojure-31-320.jpg)
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DSLs in Lisp and Clojure
- 1. Предметно-ориентированные языкии Lisp как средство ихпостроенияДмитрий Бушенко30
- 2. Что это такое DSL?Предметно-ориентированный язык (Domain Specific Language)– это язык программирования ограниченной выразительности, фокусирующийся на некоторой предметной области29
- 3. Пример программы на DSLSet camera size: 400 by 300 pixels.Set camera position: 100, 100.Move 200 cm right.Move 100 inches up.Move 250 pixels left.Move 50 points down.Take a picture.28
- 4. Пример программы на DSLc = new Computer();P = new Processor();p.setCores(2);p.setType(ProcTypes.i386);c.setProcessor(p);d = new Disk();d.setSize(75);d.setSpeed(7200);d.setInterface(DiskTypes.SATA);c.setDisk(d);Computer: processor: cores -- 2 type -- i386 disk: size -- 75 speed -- 7200 interface -- SATA27
- 6. DSL и eDSLВстроенный DSLРеализуется на базе основного языка.
- 7. Синтаксис ограничен синтаксисом хостового языка.
- 8. Тот же язык, на базе которого реализован.Внешний DSLРеализуется средствами создания ЯП.
- 10. Чужой по отношению к основному языку проекта.25
- 11. eDSLсредствами java и rubycomputer() .processor() .cores(2) .speed(2500) .i386() .disk() .size(150) .disk() .size(75) .speed(7200) .sata().end();computer( processor(:cores => 2, :type => :i386), disk(:size => 150), disk(:size => 75, :speed => 7200, :interface => :sata))24
- 12. Другой пример DSL на ruby[:computer, [:processor, [:cores, 2], [:type, :i386]], [:disk, [:size, 75], [:speed, 7200], [:interface, :sata]]]Computer: processor: cores -- 2 type -- i386 disk: size -- 75 speed -- 7200 interface -- SATA23
- 13. Как добавить сюда управляющие конструкции?computer() . . ..disk() .size(75) .speed(7200) .sata().end();[:computer,. . . [:disk, [:size, 75], [:speed, 7200], [:interface, :sata]]]22
- 14. Как добавить сюда управляющие конструкции?computer(). . ..times(2) .disk() .size(75) .speed(7200) .sata().end_times().end();[:computer, . . .2.times do |i| [:disk, [:size, 75], [:speed, 7200], [:interface, :sata]]end]21
- 15. Мы, программисты, представляем себя волшебниками, повелителями кода20
- 16. Дерево разбора выраженияA + B * C+ACB*19
- 17. Дерево разбора выраженияA + B * C()+A()BC*18
- 18. Дерево разбора выраженияA + B * C()+A()BC*17
- 19. c = new Computer();P = new Processor();p.setCores(2);p.setType(ProcTypes.i386);c.setProcessor(p);Computer: processor: cores -- 2 type -- i386(Computer (processor (cores 2) (type i386)))16
- 20. 15
- 21. Unless == not if(unless (= a b)(do something))(if (not (= a b) (do something))Шаблон: unlessПараметры: cond, body (if (not (cond) body)14
- 22. Unless == not ifШаблон: unlessПараметры: cond, body (if (not (cond) body)(defmacro unless [condbody]`(if (not ~cond) ~body))13
- 23. Порядок выполнения функций и макросовКомпиляцияМакросыИсполнениеФункции12
- 24. Инфиксная нотация11(defmacro infix [arg1oparg2](list oparg1arg2))(infix 2 + 5)7
- 25. (for (i = 0, i < 3, i ++) (println i))(defmacro for [args & body] (let [a1 (nth args 0) a2 (nth args 1) a3 (nth args 2) a4 (nth args 3) a5 (nth args 4)a6 (nth args 5) a7 (nth args 6) a8 (nth args 7)] (cond (not (= a1 a4 a7)) (throw (Exception. "Use the same variable for the cycle")) (not (= a2 '=)) (throw (Exception. "Use the '=' for the variable assignment")) (not (contains? #{'> '< '>= '<= '=} a5)) (throw (Exception. "Use one of the operators: =, <, <=, >, >=")) (not (contains? #{'++ '--} a8)) (throw (Exception. "Use one of the operators: ++, --")) :default (let [op (if (= a8 '++) 'inc 'dec)] `(loop [~a1 ~a3] (if (not (~a5 ~a1 ~a6)) ~a1 (do ~@body (recur (~op ~a1)))))))))10
- 26. I’ll be back!09
- 27. Анафорический макрос(defmacro not-nil ([exprthen & else] (let [result (symbol "result")] `(let [~result ~expr] (if (not (nil? ~result)) ~then(do ~@else))))))user> (not-nil (+ 2 3) (println result))5user> (not-nil nil (println result) (println "The result is nil!"))The result is nil!08
- 28. В C# 4.0 мы добавили новую фантастическую возможность:бла-бла-бла!Программисты C#07
- 29. Пример М.ФаулераSVCLFOWLER 10101MS0120050313SVCLHOHPE 10201DX0320050315SVCLTWO x10301MRP220050329USGE103 x50214..7050329Как все это распарсить?06
- 30. Разные типы – разные поляSVCLFOWLER 4-18: CustomerName 19-23: CustomerID 24-27 : CallTypeCode 28-35 : DateOfCallStringUSGE103 4-8 : CustomerID 9-22: CustomerName 30-30: Cycle 31-36: ReadDate05
- 31. Расставим скобочки…(def-reader SVCLFOWLER[4 18 CustomerName] [19 23 CustomerID] [24 27 CallTypeCode] [28 35 DateOfCallString])(def-reader USGE103 [4 8 CustomerID] [9 22 CustomerName] [30 30 Cycle] [31 36 ReadDate])04
- 32. (defmacro def-reader [class-name & fields] (let [method-names (map #(vector (symbol (nth % 2)) '[] 'String) fields) methods `( ~@(map #(list 'defn (symbol (str class-name "-" (nth % 2))) [(symbol "this")] `(read-bytes ~(nth % 0) ~(nth % 1) (:data (deref (.state ~(symbol "this")))))) fields)) prefix (str class-name "-")] `(do (gen-class :name ~(str class-name) :prefix ~prefix :init "init" :state "state" :methods [~@method-names [~(symbol "setData") [String] String]]) ~@methods (defn ~(symbol (str prefix "init")) [] [[] (ref {})]) (defn ~(symbol (str prefix "setData")) [this# data#] (dosync (alter (.state this#) assoc :data data#)) ""))))03
- 33. (def-reader fowler.core.ThirdClass [2 7 field1] [9 15 field2] [17 20 field3])02
- 35. Вопросы00