Ease of full Stack Development

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 03 | Mar 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 8.226 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 482
Ease of full Stack Development
Musale Dnyandev S1, Wakchaure Sushma L2, Ghuge Ganesh D3, Shinde Bipin B4
1,2,3,4 Lecturer In Computer Technology Department
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Abstract -The IT industry is booming more and more
brands are looking to expand in this area because of the
immense amount of potential. If we want to make a fully
functioning web application we have to use A full stack
development. Full stack web developer is a person who
Masters in all the technology Use to creating end to end
application in creative manner including front and back end
services application is used to creating GUI and visual
component of website such as user interface and web pages
people interact with web browser used to creating to like
HTML, CSS and JavaScript(Client Side ), what is actually
backend developer is the server side process of add
functionality to the component of web application it focuses
primary on database business logic API.
Full stack developer is in demand since of their skills and
mastery of web development, due to this vast demand the
remuneration of full stack developers is additionally high as
compared to alternative jobs.
Key Words: Full stack web development, Front-end, Back-
end, HTML, CSS and JavaScript, Server-side, Client-side,
Development, ETC.
1. INTRODUCTION
Full stack web development is a process of acting on each,
the front-end and back-end of a program. It is a term largely
used for those operating in web development. The
developers have background on making program and user
expertise for front-end, and even have robust information in
an exceedingly programinglanguagethat'susedforhandling
the logic of the appliance, therefore back-end.
Full stack could be a layer of software system or web
development consisting of the front-end and also the back-
end parts of associate application. Front-end is what the
users can see or act with on your application. Back-end part
is what users don't see, like application's logic, database,
server, etc. A full-stack web developer is comfortable
operating with each, back-end and front-end technologies
that build a web site or application perform properly.
Full Stack Developers have the specified technical
information of each and every facet of development –
frontend, back end, working of various operating systems in
accordance to therequiredenvironmentsofprogrammingas
well as tools for programming.
Full stack developers are also termed as “developer
generalists”, as they will produce any complicated
application from scratch, provided they have understood
how each and every technical layer ought to act with the
other. As Full stack web development refers to the both of
each front-end and back-end of an online application, web
application, the development method contains 3 layers, i.e.,
the logic layer (back-end layer), the presentation layer
(front-end layer) and the information layer(databaselayer).
The major stacks of full stack web development that are
commonly used to develop websites and applications are
Linux Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP)
Cross-Platform Apache MariaDB PHP (XAMPP)
MongoDB Express Angular Node.js (MEAN)
Windows Apache MySQL PHP (WAMP)
Apache MySQL PHP PERL Softaculous (AMPPS)
LAMP stack stands for Linux operating system, Apache
server, My SQL Query Language, and PHP server-side
scripting language. All of these are open-source tools which
are free to use, and has contributed in creating many of the
developments. The lamp stack comes as the very common
stack in deploying websites and applications,totheinternet.
XAMPP is an acronym for Cross-platform(X), Apache(A),
MariaDB, And PHP server-side or Perl(P) backend language.
XAMPP is the best distribution in the industry that helps
developers use local web server for deploying and testing
web programs. It is being designed to simply deploy andrun
the web applications on the web server.
MEAN is commonly used open-source stack that is used to
build the production ready web applications. This stack
indicates four things which are MongoDBNoSQL database,
Express framework, Angular development platform, and
Node.js execution environment. MongoDB is the database
having NoSQL, and Express is most commonframework that
helps to create the applications like Todo Lists used in
everyday life. Angular is the JavaScript client-side platform
used to make client-side web applications, and Node.jsisthe
execution environment,used worldwidetocreatetheon-site
and of-site web applications and websites.

Refer to the Fig 1. that explain the Data Flow in Mean Stack.
Fig 1. Data Flow Diagram (DFD) -MEAN Stack
WAMP stack stands for Windows operating system,
Apache, MySQL, PHP. WAMP works same as LAMP; the
difference is of operating system. The stack is commonly
used for hosting web-applications and webpages from little
to medium sized sites. WAMP is quite popular among
windows users as it provides flexibility and scalability for
the servers.
AMPPS stack stands for Apache MySQL (MongoDB) PHP
(PERL or PYTHON) Softaculous (software stack). AMPSS
combines three different stacks i.e., LAMP(Linux),
WAMP(Windows), MAMP(Macintosh). It has preinstalled
open source libraries and dependencies which helps tocode
the website or application in efficient way and proficiently
helps the development process.
1.1 COMPONENTS OF FSWD
The components of Full Stack Web Development are-
 Front-end
 Back-end
 Database
 Version Control
(a.) Front-end is the part that users see when they visit the
websites, web-applications.
The two most important types of front-end designs are-
 User Experience (UX)
 User Interface (UI)
These things are of different kind when we got to know
them, otherwise they seem same. Thethingsincludingvisual
elements, animations, pictures, videos, etc. which look good
in the website, are difficult to create is an exampleofgood UI
but bad UX and vice-versa; intuitive experience that doesn’t
require the user to think too much is a good way to design
the website.
From the programmer’s perspective front-end or the part
that users see when they visit the website is mainly about
the design and to make to look it good somehow. The above
elements UX, UI are taken in consideration in developing
web programs or web pages, apps or applications for iOS or
Android, Windows or MacOS.
In earlier time when somebody say “front-end” the three
languages that came in programmers mind were HTML
(Hyper Text Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style
Sheets), JS(JavaScript). These languages are still used as the
most preferred languages in developing webpages,websites
because of their major scope in the development industry.
Some drawbacks of the abovelistedprogramminglanguages
are there, that is they are very lengthy and time-consuming,
apart from that they are very simple to write and code in
assembly or high-level language containing words using
modern tools like Visual Studio Code (VSC), Atom, Notepad,
Notepad++, etc.
To overcome the above drawback of traditional languages,
something new was built and they were the tools that
provided ready-made components that helped in speeding
up the development, these were called Frameworks. The
frameworks such as React, Angular, Vue.js, Bootstrap,
Node.js, Meteor, Flutter, GitHub, Chrome Dev Tools, Grunt,
HTML5 Boilerplate, Code Kit were built from time-to-time
and are currently used and upgraded from time-to time to
provide developers hand in building the applications they
desire to build in lesser time.
Refer to the figure below which demonstrates the various
examples of components of FSWD (Full Stack Web
Development).
Fig 2. FSWD components
(b.) Back-end is the part that is hidden from the users but is
a part of the development process.

The back-end part can be divided into two types –
 The server
 The application
The server handles all the requests that came from
application’s code. There are many relations between
application source code and server requests, so therefore
server keeps synchronizing from time-to-time with
application’s code. The block parts of thecodesuchasasync-
wait, try-catch, sync blocks are good examplesofsuchcodes.
The server handles them according to their requesttypeand
response to client-side(front-end) or server-side(back-end)
depending on the types of callbacks present in the code. The
architecture of the server contains requests-responses tier
that communicates to make synchronization successful and
helps the application run smoothly.
The application acts as an intermediate between the server
and the database communicating all the data and requests
that server or database needed in order to get the required
output. The application basically contains all the code thatis
logical and functional which run on the server/host of
website/application based on the specific requirements of
the product/app/website.
There are many technologies available on the Internet that
helps in creating the backend of the website/application.
Some examples including PHP, Node.js, Angular2, Ruby on
Rails, Java (for coding of mobile applications), Laravel
(which is known as framework of PHP) are most trending
and helpful in creating the back-end part of the web
applications, websites, mobile-apps, etc.
The various tools used to program in these languages are:
Visual Studio Code (VSC), Atom, Notepad, Notepad++, etc.
Refer to the figure 3 for the workflow process of FSWD.
Before you begin to format your paper, first write and
save the content as a separate text file. Keep your text and
graphic files separate until after the text has been formatted
and styled. Do not use hard tabs, and limit use of hard
returns to only one return at the end of a paragraph. Do not
add any kind of pagination anywhere in the paper. Do not
number text heads-the template will do that for you.
Fig 3. FSWD -Workflow Process
(c.) Database is the storage component in the full-stack web-
development that contains all the data present in form of
tables containing rows(tuples) and columns(attributes)
which on requests sends data through secure transmission
channel to help the application perform dynamically with a
huge size of data able to send and receive simultaneously.
Some examples of databases are MY-SQL, MongoDB,
CouchDB, MS-SQL, etc. which comes handy while creating
strong applications needing a good backend- support.
(d.) Version Control being called as source control, is the
type of component in the full stack web development that is
used to track and manage the changes to softwarecodefrom
time to time. There are mainly three types of version control
system:
The local version control system is available locally on your
system and users are able to store every file as a repository
in this system. To check the last version of the file it is
important to add up all the file versions to the repository in
order.
The main problem with this system is that everything is
stored locally, if anything happened to the local database,all
of the patches will be lost. If something happened to the
single version, all the changes made would also be lost.
Also, collaborating with other developers for the same
project or team becomes hard.
The centralized version control is the system in which there
is one single center server which has all the file versions.
This enables the multiple clientstowork simultaneouslyand
helps them to access files from server, pull them into own
computer or push them all again onto the server from their
computer. This helps in easy collaboration with other
developers or a team for any project they are on to.
The biggest issue with this system is that everything is
stored on the centralized server. If somethingwentwrongto
that server, everybody will lose their important data and
would never able to collaborate at all.
The distributed version control system is a system in which
clients don’t just check out the files from the server, they
fully clone the repository, including its full history.
Therefore, everyone collaborating on a project owns a local
copy of the whole project. The main advantage of this model
is that if the server becomes unavailable or destroyed,anyof
the client can send a copy of the project version to any other
client or project member back to the server, when server is
available and working fine.
Example for the distributed version control systems is
Git/GitHub.

1.2 ADVANTAGES OF FSWD
There are various advantages of FSWD (Full Stack Web
Development), some of them are listed below:
a) Accomplishment of Website/App Development
Full-stack developers have the keen knowledge and
experience of the web programming languages whose work
is to add groundbreaking features to the projectandtomake
it reach to the market in a trend. The pro full stack
developers can manage the whole stack from the scratch.
b) Versatility
Full Stack Developers are versatile in nature because they
have skill of developing both front-end and back- end. Back-
end development need application code that helps to
connect to websites with other managementsystems.Front-
end development need application code that handles the
design and interaction of a site within a browser. The both
types of development are taken care of by full stack
developers.
c) Experience
The biggest benefit of full stack web developers is the
experience of the web and app development. As full stack
web developers already had experience inlotsof partof web
development field, so thereforetheyhavekeenknowledge of
the web and app development. Thus, they are highly
beneficial to the performance of the
products/websites/web-apps/interfaces in the market and
helps them keep updated with the ongoing market trend by
their vast experienceandknowledgeofthecomponents used
in new technology in order to enhance the performance.
d) Jack of all trades
Full Stack Developers are commonly referred to as “Jack of
All Trades”. This term is most suited to them because they
can work on any level of the project and provide the whole
design and structure required in development.
They are also very helpful in maintaining and optimizing
the existing systems as per need of the development.
Refer to the figure 4. for the advantages of FSWD.
Fig 4. Advantages of FSWD
e) Smart upgraders
From the recent study, 90% people found that website
appearance is the main reason for accepting or rejecting the
website. Therefore, stack developers are highly beneficial as
they make websites highly user-friendly and are updated
with all the latest technologies, tools which help in
implementation of smart features to create the best
responsive and interactive webpages, websites, apps for
your clients.
f) Troubleshooting problems
Full stack developers are very experienced in
troubleshooting the problems of web development field.
They are acquired with necessary skills to detect the issues
that come while creating the project and have necessary
tools required for implementing solutions for making the
website or application optimal. Therefore, they are very
helpful in troubleshooting issues in the development.
g) Convenient web developers
It is appropriate thing to trust the full-stack developer for
your project needs. It is because they are accountable for all
the software development as they can handle web
development from the initial to final phase by themselves
and are very fitted in any role they put to work and help to
give us the forward way. They also help with making the
project quality approved and assurance of the design of the
project.
h) Handling both server-side and client-side
Full stack developer helps the website, application give the
required edge which it needs to shine in technology market.
The cutting edge-technology of modern era requires sharp
and well- qualified persons for the projects. So, full stack
developers are perfect match for that as they can handle the
development from initial to final phase and the server-side
and client-side of the application in the development
industry and give fast-track delivery.

1.3 CHALLENGES AND OBSTACLES TO FSWD
a) Bugs & Broken Codes
Codes usually need scopes which is most common problem
of broken codes during web development.
If the project has not been given scope properly within
required blocks, under each specific labels that define the
part of the code, then the developers have to work in a hurry
to complete work on the scheduled time.
This cause bugs and code starts to get broken when
semicolon is missing from the code leading to application
crashes and bugs.
b) Premature Optimization
Speed is commonly treated as the highest good when it
comes to code, at the expense of the code which is clean or
legible. It is a pitfall for developers to focus on writing
optimized code that runs faster than codewhichcanberead,
understood, and maintained over the long term.
Hard to read code can slowyourteamdown,especiallywhen
engineers come and go. If an engineer comes in and can’t
decipher code, it will be a big problem for team.
Premature Optimization happens when there isn’t a strong
code review process. Without this essential step, things get
messy and cause problems in your way.
c) Stuck with Complicated New Technologies
Full Stack Developers are very much familiar with new
technologies that with no surprise gives increasedefficiency
and flexibility in production.
They are prominent to use when developers become expert
with them, but also it takes so much time in learning to
install and test these new technologies. Also, it is like
learning a new technology in which starting from the basics,
some experience is required, which is time- taking and very
challengeable in navigation. The area which comes with this
issue is database storage. The problem behind all this is a
lack of required leadership in handling software teams.
d) Too much or Less Abstraction
Running your code of project out of so many lines of code,
could cause a massive crash and slow down your
development process. Also, less abstraction makes the code
looks lengthier and we are unable to understand the parts
necessary for implementation of the modules we require
because it is only one file.
By this way our code is more complex and cause compile-
time, run-time errors which are burden to encounter.
This makes the development a serious problem for the
developers and is a big obstacle for achieving the goal they
need to achieve.
e) Overlooking the little things
The more you look, more you see. This phrase matches
perfectly with the problem we are going to discuss here.
Sometimes, when we are coding, we start to code in a such a
way that creates alternative methods for achievingthesame
goal. Due to this, we are overlooking the little things which
may or may not matter in the code.
1.4 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
These days, full stack developers are in huge demand due to
trend of websites and e-commerce in the modern world.
Companies like to hire them due to number of reasons.
FSWDs are able to work in multiple environments such as
Front-end and back-end simultaneously. It gives companies
the huge profit as they could get lot of work done by few
professionals rather than hiring a bunch of developers to
work on all parts of websites/applications. Having
knowledge of different platforms stack such as MEAN stack,
MERN stack, LAMP stack, WAMP stack, etc. FSWDs are able
to put their effort to the project easily and get the required
outputs as per benefits of company.
The salary of FSWDs is at the increasing rate worldwide as
the demand is increasing for the same. Companies are
willing to pay more on the basis of more unique skills and
abilities of stack development to the talented full stack web
developers out there.
The future of FSWDs is very bright as the developers are in
huge demand and it will keep on increasing with a big rate.
Listed below are some of the reasons for the same:
Smaller Teams- With a full-stack web developer in the
team, you can keep the team short and smaller teams have
many advantages over large ones. Even Jeff Bezos believes
that a small team is better than a large team. A large team
requires more communication and resources which is less
required in smaller team.
Adaptability- Web development is quite a challenging field.
There are a lot of factors to consider when developing a new
product such as product requirements,languages,tools,plus
a large developing team. In case, any of the factors got any
problem such as product requirements got changed at any
time and also a member leaves the team in such scenarios
full stack developers can adapt to these changes quickly and
more effectively than other developers.
New Technologies- WebDevelopmenttoolsandsoftware
keep getting new updates for better performance. Even the
programming languages keep getting newer versions

regularly to ensure they function better and cause less
hassle. An average developer might have to put a lot ofeffort
to keep up with these new developments. On theotherhand,
a full stack web developer already knows the relations
between different technologies. So, keeping up with new
updates and integrations is an easy task for him/her. Last
but not least, full stack developersalreadykeeplearning new
things about the web development,sotheywill remainin the
huge demand for dealing with new technologies fornowand
in future as well.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
[1] Valerio De Sanctis, Full Stack Web Development- Third
Edition,2020 book .
[2] Chris Northwood, Full Stack Developer: Your Essential
Guide to the Everyday Skills Expected of a ModernFull Stack
Developer.
[3] Frank Zammeti, Modern Full Stack Development: Using
Typescript, React, Node.js, Webpack, and Docker Full
[4] Juha Hinkula, Hands-on- Full Stack Development with
Spring Boot 2 and React, Second Edition .
[5] Hassan Djirdeh, Nate Murray, Ari Lerner, Full Stack Vue:
The Complete Guide to Vue.js .
[6] Nader Dabit, Full Stack Serverless, Modern Application
Development with React, AWS, and GraphQL
[7] Dr. Balwinder Kaur Dhaliwal, Gurpreet Singh, “Use of
Clustering with CNN to Categorize image inside different
directories on OS” - Electronic ISBN: 978-1- 6654-1703-7
Published in “2021 9th International Conference on
Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends
and Future Directions)” (ICRITO) 3-4 Sept, 2021
[8] G.S Shahi, R.S Batth, S. Egerton, 2020 “MRGM: An
Adaptive Mechanism for Congestion Control in Smart
Vehicular Network”, published in “International Journal of
Communication Networks and Information Security 12”.
[9] Balwinder Kaur Dhaliwal, Rattan K. Datta, “Secure and
Energy Efficient Trust Aware Routing Protocol in IoT using
the Optimized Artificial Neural Network: SEETA-IoT”
published in ‘International Journal of Engineering and
Advanced Technology (IJEAT)’, ISSN: 2249-8958 (Online),
Volume-8 Issue-6, August 2019, Page No.:4341-4353.
[10] Balwinder Kaur Dhaliwal, Rattan K Datta,” A Trust
Aware Based Predictive Model using Hybrid Convolutional
Neural Network for Mobile AD HOC Network in Internet of
Things” published in ‘International Journal of Engineering
and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)’, ISSN: 2249-8958
(Online), Volume-9 Issue-1, October 2019, Page No.1276-
1285.

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