elastic properties of solids
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This document discusses the elastic properties of solids, including tensile stress and strain related to length, shear stress and strain related to shape, and bulk stress and strain related to volume. It provides definitions and formulas for tensile strain, tensile stress, Young's modulus, shear stress, shear strain, and shear modulus. Examples are given to show how to calculate tensions, shearing forces, and pressure increases using these elastic properties and formulas.
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elastic properties of solids
- 1. -Elastic Properties of Solids AP Physics C Mrs. Coyle
- 2. • Real objects are not rigid but can deform under the influence of an external force. • Remember: Hooke’s Law F=-kx
- 3. Elastic Properties of Solids • Length (Tensile Stress- Strain) • Shape (Shear Stress-Strain) • Volume (Bulk Stress-Strain)
- 4. Elasticity of Length- Characteristics • ∆L Tensile Strain= L Tensile Stress=F/A
- 5. Elasticity in Length • Tensile Stress = Y x Tensile Strain F ∆L =Y A L • Y is known as Young’s Modulus • Units of Y are N/m2
- 6. Tensile Strength Test • Tensile Strength Sample
- 8. Ex: #30 • A steel wire of diameter 1mm can support a tension of 0.2kN. A cable to support a tension of 20kN should have a diameter of what order of magnitude? • Ans: 1cm
- 9. Elasticity in Shape - Shear Stress= F / A
- 12. Shear Stress and Shear Strain F ∆x =S A h S is the Shear Modulus, Unit : N/m 2
- 13. Ex: #33 If the shear stress in steel exceeds 4.00x108 N/m2 the steel ruptures. a)Determine the shearing force necessary to shear a steel bolt 1.00cm in diameter. Ans: a) 3.14x104 N
- 14. Ex: #33 cont’d b)Determine the shearing force necessary punch a 1.00cm diameter hole in a steel plate 0.500cm thick. Ans: b) 6.28x104 N
- 15. Elasticity in Volume ∆F ∆V = −B A V B is the Bulk Modulus Unit: N/m2
- 16. • Note that ΔF/A is pressure.
- 17. Ex:#35 When water freezes, it expands by about 9%. What pressure increase would occur inside your automobile engine block if the water in it froze? (The bulk modulus of ice is 2.00x109 N/m2 ) Ans: 1.65 x 108 N/m2
- 18. Explaining the inertia ball tensions.
- 19. • How is ΔL affected when you have two same springs in series or in parallel pulled by the same force?