Electric charge and Coulomb's law
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This document discusses electric charge and Coulomb's law. It defines electrostatics as dealing with stationary or slow-moving electric charges. The two fundamental laws of electrostatics are that there are two types of charges (positive and negative) and that like charges repel while unlike charges attract. Conductors allow electric charges to flow easily, while insulators do not. Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The relative permittivity of a medium is the ratio of its permittivity to that of free space.
Electric charge and Coulomb's law
- 1. Electric Charge & Coulomb’s Law Dr Md Kaleem Assistant Professor, JIT, Jahangirabad, Darbhanga
- 2. Electrostatic It is a branch of physics that deals with the phenomena and properties of stationary or slow-moving electric charges with no acceleration.
- 3. Fundamental Law of Electrostatics From various experimental evidences following two laws were concluded known as fundamental law of electrostatics 1. There are only two kinds of electric charges- positive and negative 2. Like charges repel and unlike charges attract each other
- 4. Conductors and Insulators • The substances through which electric charges can flow easily are called conductors while the substances through which charges can not flow easily are called insulators.
- 5. Electrostatic Induction • It is the phenomenon of temporary electrification of a conductor in which in which opposite charges at its closer and similar charges at its father end in the presence of a nearby charged body.
- 6. Coulomb’s Law • Coulomb’s Law:- It states that the electro- static force of attraction or repulsion between two charged bodies is directly proportional to the product of their charges and varies inversely as the square of the distance between the two bodies. F = Kq1q2/r2 Here, K = 1/4πε0 = 9×109 Nm2C-2 (in free space)
- 7. Relative Permittivity Relative Permittivity (εr) The relative permittivity (εr) of a medium is defined as the ratio between its permittivity of the medium (ε) and the permittivity (ε0) of the free space. εr = ε/ε0
- 8. Coulomb force in vector form • Coulomb force in vector form:- The force on charge q1 due to q2 is, • S.I, q = ±1 Coulomb • C.G.S, q = ±1 stat-coulomb 213 21 12 r r qq kF
- 9. Dielectric Constant • The dielectric constant (εr) of a medium can be defined as the ratio of the force between two charges separated by some distance apart in free space to the force between the same two charges separated by the same distance apart in that medium. So, εr = ε/ε0 = F1/F2 Here, F1 and F2 are the magnitudes of the force between them in free space and in a medium respectively.