ENS 301 - Noise Pollution - PPT 1 - Agri Junction.pptx
- 2. What is Noise ? Sound that which is unwanted and distrupts one’s quality of life, is known as NOISE. Normal sound becomes undesirable when it disturbs our normal activities such as working , sleeping and during conversation. World Health Organization stated that “Noise must be recognized as a major threat to human well-being”.
- 3. Types of Noise:- External Noise:- Internal Noise:- Atmospheric Thermal noise. Shot noise. noise. Extraterrestrial Transit time noise. noise. Miscellaneous Industrial noise. Man made noise. noise.
- 4. MEASUREMENT OF NOISE “ A decibel is the standard for the measurement of noise” • 20 db is whisper. •40 db the noise in a quiet office. • 60 db is normal conversation. • 80 db is the level at which sound beco physically painful. And can be termed as
- 5. What is Noise Pollution ? Sound that is unwanted or that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life is called as noise. When there is lot of noise in the environment, then it is termed as noise pollution.
- 6. Classification of Noise Pollution There are 2 kinds of noise pollution. A.Community Noise/ Environmental Noise (non industrial noise pollution). •Air craft noise •Roadway noise pollution •Under water noise pollution B. Occupational Noise( industrial noise pollution)
- 7. Sources of Noise Pollution:- THESE ARE THE MAIN SOURCES OF NOISE POLLUTION :- Household sources. Social Events. Commercial & Industrial Activities. Transportation.
- 8. Household Sources:- Gadgets like food mixer, grinder, vacuum cleaner, washing machine and dryer, cooler, air conditioners, can be very noisy and injurious to health. Others include loud speakers of sound systems and TVs, ipods and ear phones. Another example may be your neighbour's dog barking all night everyday at every shadow it sees, disturbing everyone else in the
- 10. Social Events:- Places of worship, discos and gigs, parties and other social events also create a lot of noise for the people living in that area. In many market areas, people sell with loud speakers, others shout out offers and try to get customers to buy their goods. It is important to note that whey these events are not often, they can be called “Nuisance” rather than noise pollution.
- 11. Social Events:-
- 12. Commercial & Industrial Activities:- Printing presses, manufacturing industries, construction sites contribute the noise pollutions in large cities. In many industries it is a requirement that people always wear earplugs to minimize their explosure to heavy noise. People who work with noisy equipments are required to wear noise-proof gadgets.
- 14. Transportation: - Aeroplanes flying over houses close to busy airports. Over ground and Under ground trains ,vehicles on roads, these are constantly making a lot of noise.
- 16. Noise Levels:- TYPE OF THE VEHICLE Luxury Bus NOISE LEVEL 77dB Small passenger Car Miniature passenger Car Sports car 79dB 84dB 91dB Motor cycle (4 stroke) Motorcycle (2 stroke) 94dB 80dB
- 19. ON HUMANS:- Noise pollution is the reason for cause of nervous disorder, headache, high blood pressure and short memory. Depression and fatigue, which considerably reduces the efficiency of a person. Frustration and difficulty in concentration, disturbance of rest, physical and mental fatigue. Chronic exposure to noise may cause noise-induced hearing loss.
- 21. ON ANIMALS:- Noise pollution damages the nervous system ofanimal. Increase of death by altering the prey/predator detection and avoidance. Animal looses the control of it’s mind. Creates problems in their use of sounds inreproduction and navigation. They becomes dangerous and attacking.
- 22. ON ANIMALS:- Noise pollution from ship engines and sonar systems make it difficult for marine mammals like whales & dolphins, & prevent it from communicating, finding food, and avoiding hazards. Excessive noise has the ability to raise an animal’s heartbeat speed and even harms an animal’s metabolism.
- 24. ON ENVIORNMENT:- Noise also has detrimental effects on the growth ofsome plants. Birds as well rely on hearing to help find them to prey, hence they are seriously disadvantaged by noise. Pleasant environment. Noise pollution causes poor quality of crops inpleasant atmosphere.
- 25. Noise Mitigation “Noise mitigation is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution.” • Construction of sound proof rooms for noisy machines in industries. Use of horns with jarring sounds to be banned. No motor vehicle • should be fitted with multitioned horn giving a succession of different note or with any other sound producing device giving an unduly harsh, shrill , loud or alarming noise on other similar vehicles of such sound signals. • Every motor vehicle shall be fitted with a device (silencer). Noise producing industries, aerodromes, and railway stations to be • shifted away from the inhabited areas. Proper law should be enforced to check the misuse of loudspeakers • and public announcements systems. Loud speakers are banned from 10pm to 6am. • Growing green plants/trees along roadside to reduce noise pollution as they absorb sound.
- 26. • To avoid noise-induced hearing loss, pay attention to the noises around you and turn down the volume whenever possible. • Avoid or limit time spent in noisy sports events. • Wear adequate hearing protection, such as foam ear plugs or ear muffs, when you must be in a noisy environment or when using loud equipment. • We must constantly check up on the appliances we use at home. Most of them have rubber insulations that act for soundproofing. But over time, this insulation may wear out, and that is when the noise pollution will begin. Keep track of which appliances need maintenance, and replace insulations if needed • Noise is also made by the escape of exhaust gases from the engine, therefore every motor vehicle should be so constructed and maintained as not to cause undue noise when in motion. • Before buying a home, see how far it is from the local airport.
- 27. Level of tolerance • Normal level of tolerance is 80dbA. • Sound level below and above this is considered to be as noise pollution.
- 28. Effects of noise pollution • There are about 25000 hair cells in our ear which create wave in our ear, responding to different levels of frequencies. • With increasing levels of sound the cells get destroyed decreasing our ability to hear the high frequency sound.
- 29. Be cautious from today • Irreversible hearing loss. • Blood pressure rise of 5 to 10 mmHg on 8 hrs of exposure to even 70 db of sound level. • Hearing loss begins at 80- 90 dbA. 140 dbA is painful and 180 dbA can even kill a person. • Amplified rock music is 120 dbA. • Most of the electronic vehicles and motors are above 80 dbA level. • High noise levels may interfere with the natural cycles of animals, including feeding behavior, breeding rituals and migration paths.
- 30. Actions taken and to be taken •There are a variety of effective strategies for mitigating adverse sound levels •use of noise barriers. limitation of vehicle speeds •alteration of roadway surface texture. limitation of •heavy duty vehicles •use of traffic controls that smooth vehicle flow to reduce braking and acceleration, innovative tire • design and other
- 31. Legistation • Noise Regulation Rules under the Environment (Protection) Act of 1986. Features Industrial- 75db • • Commercial- 65 db • Residential zones- 55 db • • Zones of silence No public address system after 10:00 pm and before •06:00 am.
- 32. Solutions for Noise Pollution • Planting bushes and trees in and around sound generating sources is an effective solution for noise pollution. • Regular servicing and tuning of automobiles can effectively reduce the noise pollution. • Buildings can be designed with suitable noise absorbing material for the walls, windows, and ceilings. • Workers should be provided with equipments such as ear plugs and earmuffs for hearing protection.
- 33. Solutions for Noise Pollution • Similar to automobiles, lubrication of the machinery and servicing should be done to minimize noise generation. • Soundproof doors and windows can be installed to block unwanted noise from outside. • Regulations should be imposed to restrict the usage of play loudspeakers in crowded areas and public places. • Factories and industries should be located far from the residential areas.
- 34. Solutions for Noise Pollution • Community development or urban management should be done with long- term planning, along with an aim to reduce noise pollution. • Social awareness programs should be taken up to educate the public about the causes and effects of noise pollution.