Enterprise Security in Cloud
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Building Enterprise Security in Hybrid Cloud discusses the challenges of implementing security in hybrid cloud environments. It outlines key areas like identity and access management, data loss prevention, web application security, database protection, encryption, patching, and intrusion detection that must be addressed. Effective security requires understanding data flows, applying proper access controls and encryption, continuous monitoring through SIEM, and maintaining strong security responsibilities between cloud providers and tenants. Security in cloud computing requires customized long-term strategies to adapt to evolving threats.
Enterprise Security in Cloud
- 1. Building Enterprise Security in Hybrid Cloud Lenin Aboagye - Principal Security Architect, Apollo Group Kartik Trivedi – Co-Founder, Symosis
- 2. The Road Ahead… The power of Cloud However, Security Computing remains roadblock The Power of Cloud Rapid business agility However , security remains Data loss prevention & Computing the roadblock protection Reduced costs • Business Agility • Data loss Cost efficiencies • Heightened Innovation Authentication, Authorization • Authentication, • Enhanced Innovation & Audit Authorization and Audit Improved IT Services • Improved IT services Security governance • Information governance • Data control Data Profiling Compliance 2
- 3. Implementation on Cloud ? Monitoring & Infrastructure Identity & Operational Protection Access Risk Services Management Management Threats & Compliance, Vulnerability Governance Management and Risk Info Sec Data Lifecycle Management Management 3
- 4. Cloud Security Reference Architecture 4
- 5. Responsibility Model SaaS PaaS IaaS Compliance & Auditing X X X Governance/Risk Mgmt. X X X Legal and Electronics Discovery X X X Operations Security X X -X Incident Management X X Application Security X -X Encryption & Key Management X -X Identity & Access Management -X -X Virtualization Security X DR/BCP X Legend : X: Provider Responsibility -X: Provider partially responsible 5
- 6. Achieving Effective Shared Responsibility Model Cloud Cloud Provider Tenant Cloud Cloud Auditor Broker 6
- 7. Identity & Access Management Identity & Access Management How do you securely maintain and govern identities in cloud ― Identity provisioning/de-provisioning into cloud should be tied to internal identity management systems ―All access requests for cloud goes through centralized internal service. {cloud is only seen as an extension of internal environment} ―Federated Provisioning /de-provisioning for Cloud apps ―No direct access to cloud provider interface for access requests ―Policy management ( authz, role and compliance) ―Tenant applications utilize SSO Federation into SaaS application ―Maintain single system to manage user identity lifecycle for IaaS, PaaS and SaaS ―Apply location-based and data context rules to ensure that user- access can be properly controlled 7
- 8. Data Loss Prevention Data Loss Prevention How can you protect profile the data you have in the cloud, data you send to the cloud and securely protect the data based on classification and data protection policies ? ―Discover and classify data before you ship it into cloud ―Apply policies and preventative controls based on organization policies and data classification ―Understand data flow profiles between public and private clouds , data flow profiles between public cloud and internet ―Deploy host-based DLP tools as agents on public cloud VMs ―*Use tools with geo-tagging capabilities to ensure data location can always be tracked ―Apply Egress & Ingress filtering for cloud data ―Ensure sensitive data does not leak from private cloud to public cloud 8
- 9. Web and Application Security Web and Application Security How can you secure your applications in the cloud ? ―Security Development practices need to be extended to cloud ―Build applications in to account for common cloud models ―E.g Abstract encryption of data to application level as opposed to Infra/DB levels ―Utilize service automation to address performance and scalability of app. security tools ―Embed source code analysis as part of CI(Continuous Integration) process{code scanned when checked in} ―Apply Web Application/ XML firewalls to mitigate web application and web services security threats ―Apply Web Filtering ―Ensure that security tests are run under the permission of cloud service provider 9
- 10. Databases Protection Databases How can you secure data in cloud databases ? ― Secure databases and encrypt all sensitive/regulated data ―Consolidate all sensitive data into central table and schema to simplify encryption , auditing and monitoring of sensitive data. {Applications access databases through a common web service} ―Deploy Database Security Activity Monitoring on host systems to monitor for malicious database activities and attacks as well as abstract auditing and logging functions ― Utilize networking segmentation controls and integrated IAM to deal with access management concerns with NOSQL databases ―Avoid Database services that do not meet your security needs ―Data encrypted at rest in databases need to be encrypted as well as backups/snapshots 10
- 11. SIEM SIEM How can you monitor, detect and respond to attacks to your cloud systems ? ―Push/forward logs from Application/Middleware/Database/Network/Infrastructure tiers into the SIEM ―Ensure SIEM is configured to handle multi-tenancy for SaaS tenants ―Apply App-level & System/Device level tagging to segregate feeds and properly apply incidence response ―All Cloud logs should be accessible, needs to be in easy to convert format and be integrated into Enterprise SIEM ―Incident response capabilities should involve the ability to quarantine affected instances , move them into private cloud while new instances are spurn up to avoid service interruption 11
- 12. Encryption & Key Management Encryption & Key Management With data being moved in and out of the cloud, how do you encrypt data at rest and in transit ? ―Encrypt any sensitive data in cloud in: Databases, VMs, Virtual Storage, Communications data, VPN and Application data ―Apply application-level if possible to abstract encryption from servers and databases ―Backup encryption keys in the private cloud ―Do not store keys of cloud instances, abstract to a secure third party service and retrieve keys only if and when needed ―Implement key rotation and replacement ―Tokenize public cloud data and perform key management in private cloud ―Encrypt sensitive data both in transit, processing, and at rest ―Avoid performance overheads by encrypting only sensitive data 12
- 13. Patch Management Patch Management How do you ensure your applications and systems are patched and up to date in the cloud ? ―Perform vulnerability scanning of OS/Appserver/Database/Application ―Utilize Cloud provider auto-patching services for OS ―Update certified images and deploy during patch cycles ―Ensure patching is embedded in all full-stack deployments ―If using third party/vendor images, have a mechanism via repositories to be provided with updated images{always deploy latest images} ―Monthly cloud scanning to resolve security issues 13
- 14. Legal & E-discovery Legal & E-discovery If data breaches occur in cloud, how can you perform forensics and e-discovery in your cloud environment? ―Install Forensic software agents so that remote E-discovery can be performed ―Quarantine affected instances and ship images to private cloud for further investigation ―Partner with Cloud Provider for forensic and legal request of this nature ―Ensure there is no limitations to an organizations ability to perform such functions during contract negotiations with cloud provider 14
- 15. Vulnerability Management & Assessment Vulnerability Management & Assessment How can you perform vulnerability management in an effective manner in the cloud ? ―Get Cloud provider approval prior to running such assessments and ensure that limitations are understood ―Check with cloud provider if there are other contracted service providers who can provide such limited functions for your organization(e.g penetration testing, Hypervisor testing) ―Perform Assessment of Application/Infrastructure/Database/Network/Infrastru cture ―Integrate and run vulnerability assessment tools from cloud environment to limit bandwidth costs ―Ensure remediation scans after vulnerabilities are resolved 15
- 16. Intrusion Detection/Prevention Intrusion Detection/Prevention How can you monitor, detect and prevent intrusions in your cloud environment ? ―Deploy host-based IDS/IPS ―Install software NIDS using soft-taps in cloud ―Automatically detect and remediate policy violations ―Scale appropriately to account for increase demand ―Ensure all feeds flow into SIEM 16
- 17. Network Security Network Security How can your network be configured to prevent malicious attacks and unauthorized attackers ? ―Deploy Web Gateways to monitor and inspect traffic for any malware or malicious attacks ―Utilize NIDS ―Create and maintain Security groups to restrict network access ―Restrict Subnets and apply proper Network ACL’s ―Use VPN from private cloud to public cloud so that all Network firewalls, NIDS could simply be run from private cloud. This way public cloud can be turned into a secure extension of private cloud ―Configure iptables to provide extra security to virtual instances 17
- 18. Conclusion/Lessons Learned Know and understand your data before you move to the cloud Cloud has unique challenges that still need to be addressed Cloud can be a riskier extension of your environment if you don’t understand what you are doing No two clouds are the same due to lack of standardized approaches and vendor tie-ins Utilize tools with geo-tagging and location-based capabilities when securing data Ensure you drive strong security SLAs during contract time Long term strategic partnerships, research, customization and continuous adaption are the key to meet security standards and to protect with evolving security threats in cloud 18
- 19. Thank you & References: Lenin Aboagye / Kartik Trivedi Referenced Material: “SecaaS Working Group: Defined Categories of Service 2011” https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/SecaaS_V1_0.pdf “AWS Best Practices: AWS Security Best Practices” http://d36cz9buwru1tt.cloudfront.net/Whitepaper_Security_Best_Practices_2010. pdf “NIST guideline for security and privacy in cloud” http://www.nist.gov/customcf/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=909494 “Cloud Security Alliance: Security Guidance, TCI Reference Architecture, Cloud Controls Matrix” https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/ 19
Editor's Notes
- #7: To achieve effective shared responsibility model , separation and teaming of various duties are critical Cloud Provider Role Infrastructure and Cloud service providerResponsibilities Access and identity management for infrastructureAuthentication servicesMonitoring servicesInfrastructure protection servicesData management and backup services Cloud Broker RoleProvides software and integration services through applications hosted on cloud ResponsibilitiesProvide the following services to Tenant Customize access and identity management Authentication and Authorization services for tenant users Information security management Compliance and risk managementData protection, leakage prevention and governance Infrastructure protection services Threats and Vulnerabilities management Tenant RoleConsumer of services offered by Cloud broker and integrates with in-house applications. ResponsibilitiesPolicies and Standards implementation set by Cloud brokerOperational Risk Management Complliance , Governance and Risk management for Services integrated with Cloud broker