ER model to Relational model mapping
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The document outlines a 7-step process for mapping an entity-relationship (ER) schema to a relational database schema. The steps include mapping regular and weak entity types, binary 1:1, 1:N, and M:N relationship types, multivalued attributes, and n-ary relationship types to tables. For each type of schema element, the document describes how to represent it as a table with primary keys and foreign key attributes that preserve the relationships in the original ER schema.
ER model to Relational model mapping
- 1. Shubham Saini Vellore Institute of Technology
- 2. 7-Step Process: 1. Map Regular Entity Types 2. Map Weak Entity Types 3. Map Binary 1:1 Relation Types 4. Map Binary 1:N Relationship Types. 5. Map Binary M:N Relationship Types. 6. Map Multivalued attributes. 7. Map N-ary Relationship Types.
- 4. ◦ For each regular (strong) entity type E in the ER schema, create a relation R that includes all the simple attributes of E. ◦ Choose one of the key attributes of E as the primary key for R. ◦ If the chosen key of E is composite, the set of simple attributes that form it will together form the primary key of R.
- 6. ◦ For each weak entity type W in the ER schema with owner entity type E, create a relation R & include all simple attributes (or simple components of composite attributes) of W as attributes of R. ◦ Also, include as foreign key attributes of R the primary key attribute(s) of the relation(s) that correspond to the owner entity type(s). ◦ The primary key of R is the combination of the primary key(s) of the owner(s) and the partial key of the weak entity type W, if any.
- 9. ◦ For each binary 1:1 relationship type R in the ER schema, identify the relations S and T that correspond to the entity types participating in R. ◦ Choose one of the relations-say S-and include a foreign key in S the primary key of T. It is better to choose an entity type with total participation in R in the role of S.
- 12. ◦ For each regular binary 1:N relationship type R, identify the relation S that represent the participating entity type at the N-side of the relationship type. ◦ Include as foreign key in S the primary key of the relation T that represents the other entity type participating in R. ◦ Include any simple attributes of the 1:N relation type as attributes of S.
- 15. ◦ For each regular binary M:N relationship type R, create a new relation S to represent R. ◦ Include as foreign key attributes in S the primary keys of the relations that represent the participating entity types; their combination will form the primary key of S. ◦ Also include any simple attributes of the M:N relationship type (or simple components of composite attributes) as attributes of S.
- 18. ◦ For each multivalued attribute A, create a new relation R. ◦ This relation R will include an attribute corresponding to A, plus the primary key attribute K-as a foreign key in R-of the relation that represents the entity type of relationship type that has A as an attribute. ◦ The primary key of R is the combination of A and K. If the multivalued attribute is composite, we include its simple components.
- 21. ◦ For each n-ary relationship type R, where n>2, create a new relationship S to represent R. ◦ Include as foreign key attributes in S the primary keys of the relations that represent the participating entity types. ◦ Also include any simple attributes of the n-ary relationship type (or simple components of composite attributes) as attributes of S.
- 23. Database Management Systems 3rd Edition Ramakrishnan - Gehrke