Excavation equipments for earthwork digging
- 2. TYPES OF SOIL EXCAVATION TOOLS AND MACHINES: There are different types of soil excavation tools and machines used in construction. Excavation of soil is necessary in construction point of view and it should be done by hand tools or machineries based on the area of the land or depth of excavation. 1. Hand tools 2. Machineries
- 3. HAND TOOLS FOR SOIL EXCAVATION: These are generally used for smaller depths of excavations in small areas. Man power is required to operate these tools.
- 4. SPADE It consists of metal plate having sharp edges The plate is attached to long handle which is generally made up of wood With use of Sharp edges soil can be digged easily
- 5. SHOVEL Shovel is tool which is used for the purpose of lifting of excavated soil. The curvature of metal plate of shovel is generally higher . Shovel can also be used for digging purpose in case of soft soils, sand etc.
- 6. HOE Consists a metal plate attached to a long handle with acute angle The plate having sharp edge is used to excavate the soil For small work of excavation it is widely preferred tool
- 7. PICK AXE Consists hard spike attached perpendicular to handle Used for excavating small trenches in soil The metal spike is pointed on one side and wide blade is provided on the other side Can cut the soil even if the soil is of hard type
- 8. MACHINERY TOOLS FOR SOIL EXCAVATION: These are the tools which are operated by mechanical force and are used for the larger depths of excavations. There are so many types of machine tools with ease of operation are designed in this modern day period.
- 9. TRACKED EXCAVATOR Also called as track hoe consists of cabinet and long arm Digging bucket is attached to the end of dipper Entire system can rotate 360 degrees Used in mines, forestry, pipeline industries etc The function of excavator is done by hydraulic fluid
- 10. WHEELED EXCAVATOR Movement of vehicle is done by wheels Can move quickly when compared to tracked excavator Not suitable for uneven grounds or hilly areas Generally used for road constructions etc..
- 11. BULLDOZER Consists of hard steel plate with sharp edge at its front It helps the plate to cut the soil and for excavation Bulldozers are available in both tracked and wheeled form Widely used for the works of soil excavations, weak rock strata removal, lifting of soil etc.
- 12. DRAGLINE EXCAVATOR Consists large length boom Cable is hanged from the top of the boom and digging bucket is suspended to the cable Generally used for larger depth excavations like port construction, under water sediment removal etc Heavy equipment with greater economy
- 13. TRENCHERS Trenchers are the equipment’s used to dig trenches in the ground. These are also available in many sizes based on our requirement. The trenches dug are generally used for drainage purpose, pipeline laying, cable laying. The trenchers are generally available in two types. Chain trenchers Wheeled trenchers
- 14. CHAIN TRENCHERS Consists of a fixed arm called boom The chain is very hard and consists sharp tooth Chain rotates around boom with rapid force and cuts the ground smaller chain trenchers available in wheeled vehicles larger chain trenchers are available in tracked form
- 15. WHEELED TRENCHERS Toothed metal wheel is used as trenching tool Available in both tracked and wheeled form of vehicles Can cut harder soil strata as compared to chain trencher Also used to cut pavement surface while road repair works Economically better than the chain trencher
- 16. Government College Of Engineering Aurangabad Suryakar Pradumn Balaji BE17F01F049 Guidance of Resp Kahalekar Sir Reference from www.theconstructor.org