Excel formula
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This document categorizes Excel functions by their functionality. It lists the main categories of functions as Add-in and Automation functions, Cube functions, Database functions, Date and time functions, Engineering functions, Financial functions, Information functions, Logical functions, Lookup and reference functions, Math and trigonometry functions, Statistical functions, and Text functions. For each category, it provides a brief description of some representative functions in that category.
Excel formula
- 1. Excel functions (by category) Applies to: Microsoft Office Excel 2007 Worksheet functions are categorized by their functionality. If you know the category of the function that you are looking for, you can click that category. Tip You can also search the page by pressing CTRL+F, typing the first few letters of a function or a word that describes what you are looking for, and then clicking Next. In this article Add-in and Automation functions Cube functions Database functions Date and time functions Engineering functions Financial functions Information functions Logical functions Lookup and reference functions Math and trigonometry functions Statistical functions Text functions Add-in and Automation functions Function Description CALL Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource Converts a number to euros, converts a number from euros to a euro member currency, or converts a EUROCONVERT number from one euro member currency to another by using the euro as an intermediary (triangulation) GETPIVOTDATA Returns data stored in a PivotTable report Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been REGISTER.ID previously registered Connects with an external data source and runs a query from a worksheet, then returns the result as an array SQL.REQUEST without the need for macro programming Top of Page Cube functions Function Description Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) name, property, and measure, and displays the name CUBEKPIMEMBER and property in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, used to monitor an organization's performance. Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in CUBEMEMBER the cube. Returns the value of a member property in the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY within the cube and to return the specified property for this member. Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as CUBERANKEDMEMBER the top sales performer or top 10 students. Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the CUBESET server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel. CUBESETCOUNT Returns the number of items in a set. CUBEVALUE Returns an aggregated value from a cube.
- 2. Database functions Function Description DAVERAGE Returns the average of selected database entries DCOUNT Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database DCOUNTA Counts nonblank cells in a database DGET Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria DMAX Returns the maximum value from selected database entries DMIN Returns the minimum value from selected database entries DPRODUCT Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database DSTDEV Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries DSTDEVP Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries DSUM Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria DVAR Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries DVARP Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries Date and time functions Function Description DATE Returns the serial number of a particular date DATEVALUE Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number DAY Converts a serial number to a day of the month DAYS360 Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year EDATE Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date EOMONTH Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months HOUR Converts a serial number to an hour MINUTE Converts a serial number to a minute MONTH Converts a serial number to a month NETWORKDAYS Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates NOW Returns the serial number of the current date and time SECOND Converts a serial number to a second TIME Returns the serial number of a particular time TIMEVALUE Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number TODAY Returns the serial number of today's date WEEKDAY Converts a serial number to a day of the week WEEKNUM Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year WORKDAY Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays YEAR Converts a serial number to a year YEARFRAC Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date Engineering functions Function Description BESSELI Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)
- 3. BESSELJ Returns the Bessel function Jn(x) BESSELK Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x) BESSELY Returns the Bessel function Yn(x) BIN2DEC Converts a binary number to decimal BIN2HEX Converts a binary number to hexadecimal BIN2OCT Converts a binary number to octal COMPLEX Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number CONVERT Converts a number from one measurement system to another DEC2BIN Converts a decimal number to binary DEC2HEX Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal DEC2OCT Converts a decimal number to octal DELTA Tests whether two values are equal ERF Returns the error function ERFC Returns the complementary error function GESTEP Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value HEX2BIN Converts a hexadecimal number to binary HEX2DEC Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal HEX2OCT Converts a hexadecimal number to octal IMABS Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number IMAGINARY Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number IMARGUMENT Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians IMCONJUGATE Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number IMCOS Returns the cosine of a complex number IMDIV Returns the quotient of two complex numbers IMEXP Returns the exponential of a complex number IMLN Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number IMLOG10 Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number IMLOG2 Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number IMPOWER Returns a complex number raised to an integer power IMPRODUCT Returns the product of complex numbers IMREAL Returns the real coefficient of a complex number IMSIN Returns the sine of a complex number IMSQRT Returns the square root of a complex number IMSUB Returns the difference between two complex numbers IMSUM Returns the sum of complex numbers OCT2BIN Converts an octal number to binary OCT2DEC Converts an octal number to decimal OCT2HEX Converts an octal number to hexadecimal Financial functions
- 4. Function Description ACCRINT Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest ACCRINTM Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity AMORDEGRC Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient AMORLINC Returns the depreciation for each accounting period COUPDAYBS Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date COUPDAYS Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date COUPDAYSNC Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date COUPNCD Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date COUPNUM Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date COUPPCD Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date CUMIPMT Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods CUMPRINC Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods DB Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or DDB some other method that you specify DISC Returns the discount rate for a security DOLLARDE Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number DOLLARFR Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction DURATION Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments EFFECT Returns the effective annual interest rate FV Returns the future value of an investment FVSCHEDULE Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates INTRATE Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security IPMT Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period IRR Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows ISPMT Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment MDURATION Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100 MIRR Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates NOMINAL Returns the annual nominal interest rate NPER Returns the number of periods for an investment NPV Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate ODDFPRICE Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period ODDFYIELD Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period ODDLPRICE Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period ODDLYIELD Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period PMT Returns the periodic payment for an annuity PPMT Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period PRICE Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest
- 5. PRICEDISC Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security PRICEMAT Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity PV Returns the present value of an investment RATE Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity RECEIVED Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security SLN Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period SYD Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period TBILLEQ Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill TBILLPRICE Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill TBILLYIELD Returns the yield for a Treasury bill VDB Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method XIRR Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic XNPV Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic YIELD Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest YIELDDISC Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill YIELDMAT Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity Information functions Function Description CELL Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell ERROR.TYPE Returns a number corresponding to an error type INFO Returns information about the current operating environment ISBLANK Returns TRUE if the value is blank ISERR Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A ISERROR Returns TRUE if the value is any error value ISEVEN Returns TRUE if the number is even ISLOGICAL Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value ISNA Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value ISNONTEXT Returns TRUE if the value is not text ISNUMBER Returns TRUE if the value is a number ISODD Returns TRUE if the number is odd ISREF Returns TRUE if the value is a reference ISTEXT Returns TRUE if the value is text N Returns a value converted to a number NA Returns the error value #N/A TYPE Returns a number indicating the data type of a value Logical functions Function Description AND Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE FALSE Returns the logical value FALSE
- 6. IF Specifies a logical test to perform IFERROR Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula NOT Reverses the logic of its argument OR Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE TRUE Returns the logical value TRUE Lookup and reference functions Function Description ADDRESS Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet AREAS Returns the number of areas in a reference CHOOSE Chooses a value from a list of values COLUMN Returns the column number of a reference COLUMNS Returns the number of columns in a reference HLOOKUP Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell HYPERLINK Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet INDEX Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array INDIRECT Returns a reference indicated by a text value LOOKUP Looks up values in a vector or array MATCH Looks up values in a reference or array OFFSET Returns a reference offset from a given reference ROW Returns the row number of a reference ROWS Returns the number of rows in a reference RTD Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation TRANSPOSE Returns the transpose of an array VLOOKUP Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell Math and trigonometry functions Function Description ABS Returns the absolute value of a number ACOS Returns the arccosine of a number ACOSH Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number ASIN Returns the arcsine of a number ASINH Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number ATAN Returns the arctangent of a number ATAN2 Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates ATANH Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number CEILING Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance COMBIN Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects COS Returns the cosine of a number COSH Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number DEGREES Converts radians to degrees
- 7. EVEN Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer EXP Returns e raised to the power of a given number FACT Returns the factorial of a number FACTDOUBLE Returns the double factorial of a number FLOOR Rounds a number down, toward zero GCD Returns the greatest common divisor INT Rounds a number down to the nearest integer LCM Returns the least common multiple LN Returns the natural logarithm of a number LOG Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base LOG10 Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number MDETERM Returns the matrix determinant of an array MINVERSE Returns the matrix inverse of an array MMULT Returns the matrix product of two arrays MOD Returns the remainder from division MROUND Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple MULTINOMIAL Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers ODD Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer PI Returns the value of pi POWER Returns the result of a number raised to a power PRODUCT Multiplies its arguments QUOTIENT Returns the integer portion of a division RADIANS Converts degrees to radians RAND Returns a random number between 0 and 1 RANDBETWEEN Returns a random number between the numbers you specify ROMAN Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text ROUND Rounds a number to a specified number of digits ROUNDDOWN Rounds a number down, toward zero ROUNDUP Rounds a number up, away from zero SERIESSUM Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula SIGN Returns the sign of a number SIN Returns the sine of the given angle SINH Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number SQRT Returns a positive square root SQRTPI Returns the square root of (number * pi) SUBTOTAL Returns a subtotal in a list or database SUM Adds its arguments SUMIF Adds the cells specified by a given criteria SUMIFS Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria
- 8. SUMPRODUCT Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components SUMSQ Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments SUMX2MY2 Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays SUMX2PY2 Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays SUMXMY2 Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays TAN Returns the tangent of a number TANH Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number TRUNC Truncates a number to an integer Statistical functions Function Description AVEDEV Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean AVERAGE Returns the average of its arguments AVERAGEA Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values AVERAGEIF Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria AVERAGEIFS Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria. BETADIST Returns the beta cumulative distribution function BETAINV Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution BINOMDIST Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability CHIDIST Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution CHIINV Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution CHITEST Returns the test for independence CONFIDENCE Returns the confidence interval for a population mean CORREL Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets COUNT Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments COUNTA Counts how many values are in the list of arguments COUNTBLANK Counts the number of blank cells within a range COUNTIF Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria COUNTIFS Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria COVAR Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion CRITBINOM value DEVSQ Returns the sum of squares of deviations EXPONDIST Returns the exponential distribution FDIST Returns the F probability distribution FINV Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution FISHER Returns the Fisher transformation FISHERINV Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation FORECAST Returns a value along a linear trend FREQUENCY Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array FTEST Returns the result of an F-test
- 9. GAMMADIST Returns the gamma distribution GAMMAINV Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution GAMMALN Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x) GEOMEAN Returns the geometric mean GROWTH Returns values along an exponential trend HARMEAN Returns the harmonic mean HYPGEOMDIST Returns the hypergeometric distribution INTERCEPT Returns the intercept of the linear regression line KURT Returns the kurtosis of a data set LARGE Returns the k-th largest value in a data set LINEST Returns the parameters of a linear trend LOGEST Returns the parameters of an exponential trend LOGINV Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution LOGNORMDIST Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution MAX Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments MAXA Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values MEDIAN Returns the median of the given numbers MIN Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments MINA Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values MODE Returns the most common value in a data set NEGBINOMDIST Returns the negative binomial distribution NORMDIST Returns the normal cumulative distribution NORMINV Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution NORMSDIST Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution NORMSINV Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution PEARSON Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient PERCENTILE Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range PERCENTRANK Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set PERMUT Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects POISSON Returns the Poisson distribution PROB Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits QUARTILE Returns the quartile of a data set RANK Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers RSQ Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient SKEW Returns the skewness of a distribution SLOPE Returns the slope of the linear regression line SMALL Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set STANDARDIZE Returns a normalized value STDEV Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
- 10. STDEVA Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values STDEVP Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population STDEVPA Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values STEYX Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression TDIST Returns the Student's t-distribution TINV Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution TREND Returns values along a linear trend TRIMMEAN Returns the mean of the interior of a data set TTEST Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test VAR Estimates variance based on a sample VARA Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values VARP Calculates variance based on the entire population VARPA Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values WEIBULL Returns the Weibull distribution ZTEST Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test Text functions Function Description Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width ASC (single-byte) characters BAHTTEXT Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format CHAR Returns the character specified by the code number CLEAN Removes all nonprintable characters from text CODE Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string CONCATENATE Joins several text items into one text item DOLLAR Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format EXACT Checks to see if two text values are identical FIND, FINDB Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive) FIXED Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width JIS (double-byte) characters LEFT, LEFTB Returns the leftmost characters from a text value LEN, LENB Returns the number of characters in a text string LOWER Converts text to lowercase MID, MIDB Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify PHONETIC Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string PROPER Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value REPLACE, Replaces characters within text REPLACEB REPT Repeats text a given number of times RIGHT, RIGHTB Returns the rightmost characters from a text value
- 11. SEARCH, SEARCHB Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive) SUBSTITUTE Substitutes new text for old text in a text string T Converts its arguments to text TEXT Formats a number and converts it to text TRIM Removes spaces from text UPPER Converts text to uppercase VALUE Converts a text argument to a number