Fewd week7 slides

FEWD - WEEK 7
WILL MYERS
Freelance Front End Developer
SLIDES
http://www.slideshare.net/wilkom/fewd-week7-slides

FINAL PROJECT MILESTONE 2
By week 7, you should have submitted pseudo code and a
draft of the HTML/CSS for your application. This week, you'll
focus on drafting the JavaScript and jQuery you'll need for
your application.

YOUR WEEKLY FEWD GITHUB
REPOSITORY
Use the '+' button in the top-left of GitHub Desktop
(Create tab)
Create a new repository called 'FEWD_Week7'
Choose the [home]/FEWD folder for the local path
Open this repo folder in your editor
Commit the changes and publish the FEWD_Week7
repository to github.com

YOUR WEEKLY WORKING FILES
FROM ME
To get the week7_working_files you should just be able to
select the ga-fewd-files repository in GitHub Desktop and
press 'Sync'. This should pull in this weeks folder from
github.com.
If you any difficulties you should just re-clone the ga-fewd-
files repository.
Copy the whole week7_working_files into your FEWD_Week7
repository and commit and publish to github.com

REVIEW OF LAST WEEK'S
ASSIGNMENT

DEBUGGING
Why isn't this working?

DEBUGGING
Always start be defining the problem.
"The image is not moving"
"None of my code works"

DEBUGGING
This will tell you where to start your hunt
Image not moving
find the code that makes the image move
None of my code works
Syntax error, check console

DEBUGGING: LEVEL 1
Check for errors (red text, aligned right) in console To access
debugging console
PC: CTRL+SHIFT+J
Mac: COMMAND+OPTION+J
Click the error
The location may not be correct but is a good place to start
Ex: Unbalanced brackets or parentheses

DEBUGGING: LEVEL 2
So no red errors but not getting the right answer? Try
console.log
Ex:
var stringOfNames="";
["Bob","Joe"].forEach(function(element){
stringOfNames-=element+",";
console.log(stringOfNames);
});

DEBUGGING: LEVEL 3
Use the debugger in Chrome
Set a breakpoint
Run the code
Step through the code until you get to the error
Variable values display on the right
You can switch to the console to run code or check value
of variable

DEBUGGING: LEVEL 4
Get help!
1. Try "Your preferred search engine" search
2. Be ready to clearly articulate the problem (Write out what
your problem is)
3. If nothing, ask instructor

DEBUG
Open week6_working_files/debug

AGENDA
This week we are bringing HTML/CSS back into the
equation. Let's return to responsive layouts and units as
discussed in Week 3.
Responsive Layouts
REM/EM
Media Queries

Let's read through the refresher notes for Week 3 again. Go
to:
https://gist.github.com/wmyers/d2fedd6f2a52d272ad9e

A BIT MORE ON EMS VS REMS
em: a sized based on the width of the letter "m"
rem: a "root" em
Some browsers have issues with fonts sized in percents, em
is better for fonts.

LAYOUTS - STATIC VS LIQUID VS ADAPTIVE VS
RESPONSIVE
Did anyone read this web page?
http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/which-page-layout

LAYOUTS - ELASTIC
One other layout options is to use emfor layout widths as
well as for font-sizes. This means that the page will resize
according to the end user's preferred text size.
This blog post from 2009 is still useful for explaining fixed
versus fluid versus elastic layouts (though most of the
example links are no longer correct):
https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/06/fixed-vs-
fluid-vs-elastic-layout-whats-the-right-one-for-you/
But remember Flexbox is slowing making these older ways
of doing responsive websites obsolete.

BOXES EXERCISE
Let's start building a layout using boxes. We will eventually
make this layout responsive. Open
week7_working_files/responsive_boxes/readme.pdf in your
browser. You can use floator display:inline-
blockor Flexbox, for columns.
Recreate Boxing 1 using html and css. You can use the
week3_working_files/layout_challenge/5.magazine files as a
starting point if using Flexbox. Otherwise use one of the
1.two-column layouts. Copy the files into
week7_working_files/responsive_boxes folder.
Note that you need to have a hidden element.

RESPONSIVE DESIGN IS MORE DESIGN THAN CODE.
Go to this website
Open Chrome Dev Tools (CTRL + Alt + I)
Set the Dock Side to the right and then click on the mobile
icon
http://www.anderssonwise.com/
Also look at the site on your phone browser. Discuss what is
making the site responsive.

FIXED VS RESPONSIVE
Looking for comparisons of fixed versus responsive layouts.
Checkout these Fixed sites
UPS.com
Google.com
Checkout these Responsive Sites
Generalassemb.ly
Designmodo examples

MOBILE BOXES
Continuing with our boxing exercise. Keeping the same
HTML, add/overwrite classes in your CSS, below your
existing code, to make the boxes look like Boxing 2.

FIXED LAYOUT
We have used fixed layouts in our designs up to this point
- e.g in Relaxr pages
Relies on a container of fixed width - usually 960px or
980px
Has margin:0 auto(or similar) to center the container

RESPONSIVE LAYOUT
Different styles for different screen widths
Uses an elastic/fluid layout
Fluid - Sized in percentages
Elastic - Sized in ems

MEDIA QUERIES - USAGE
Please read the first part of regarding syntax.this page
For a list of @mediatypes:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
US/docs/Web/CSS/@media#Media_types
For building responsive web pages you will use the following
syntax:
@media only screen and
(max-width: Npx) (min-width: Npx) (max-device-width:Npx) (min-device-
For tablets
(orientation: portrait) (orientation: landscape)

MEDIA QUERIES - USAGE
Separate multiple clauses with "and"
@media only screen and (max-width: 769px)
and (orientation: landscape) {
...
}
Standard media queries sizes
Small: up to 768px
Medium: 769-991px
Large: 992px+

MOBILE DISPLAY - VIEWPORT
The viewport meta tag (placed in the <head>) lets the
browser know that it has to scale your webpage
responsively on every device.
Combining the viewport meta tag with responsive CSS will
make your web page work across different mobile browsers.
Otherwise the mobile browser will assume a fixed layout of
between 800px to 1024px, and the user will have to zoom in
to different sections of the page.
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

VIEWPORT - DIFFERENT PIXELS
See this page to understand how device independent pixels
are required to enable the viewport meta tag to scale a
mobile browser page correctly:
https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/ConfigureV
hl=en

VIEWPORT - USER SCALING
There is an additional attribute for the viewport meta tag:
user-scalable=none
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,
initial-scale=1 user-scalable=none">
This prevents the user from using default browser zoom
functionality (including pinch-zooming) - the implication is
that responsive CSS and the standard use of the viewport
meta tag should make zooming unnecessary.
However this is essentially anti-accessibility:
http://codepen.io/absolutholz/post/user-scalable-no-evil-
or-slightly-not-evil

VIEWPORT - 300MS TAP IN ANDROID
On the flip-side of the argument against using user-
scalable=none, a couple of years ago, if you did use it
then (in Android) you would remove a mandatory 300
millisecond delay caused by waiting to detect a user double-
tap.
https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2013/12/300ms-
tap-delay-gone-away
Following more recent changes, Chrome and Firefox now
remove the 300ms tap delay if your web page contains the
content="width=device-width"attribute instead.
This means you can retain pinch zooming.

MOBILE DISPLAY - 300MS TAP IN IOS
Mobile Safari has a more complicated approach to solving
the 300ms delay by detecting for fast taps and slow taps:
http://developer.telerik.com/featured/300-ms-click-delay-
ios-8/
However there is a JavaScript library called FastClick which
can be included which can be used to remove the 300ms
click delay across all mobile browsers:
https://github.com/ftlabs/fastclick

MEDIA QUERY USAGE
/*inline boxes into columns*/
.box{
display:inline-block;
}
@media only screen and (max-width:768px){
/*insert responsive css here
eg: stack inline boxes*/
.box{
display:block;
}
}
If I put the media query before
.box{
display:inline-block;
}
will this work as expected? See .this link

RESPONSIVE BOXES
Returning to our boxing layout, use media-queries to make
your boxing web page responsive so that it changes from
Boxing 1 to Boxing 2 when the browser window width is
reduced.

TRANSITIONS TO MAKE MEDIA QUERY
CHANGES SMOOTHER
We will look more at CSS animations and transitions in Week
9 and Week 10.
Feel free to research this further in the meantime.

LAYOUTS - GRIDS
Grids are ways of creating complex fixed or fluid layouts,
involving nested rows and columns. Many grids have up to
12 columns and unlimited rows. NB Grids tend to use
floats for creating columns.
This article shows you how to create a responsive fluid grid
layout that uses media-queries to change to a single column
layout when the page gets too small.
http://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-css-grid-systems/
http://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/dPqqvN

GRIDS - BOOTSTRAP
Grids are often implemented using popular third party CSS
libraries, that provide tested cross-browser complex layouts
that developers can use out of the box.
The Bootstrap CSS library has grid layout classes (available
when you include and link bootstrap.css in your <head>):
http://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-bootstrap-grid-
system/
The Bootstrap grid system is also responsive. You apply
different styles to your column <div>s and the relevant one
will be automatically used as your window resizes.

GRIDS
It is not actually that hard to build your own grid. In fact we
have already been doing so with things like the magazine
layout in Week 3.
A simple column layout is still a grid, more complex grid
layouts can still utilize simple CSS layout techniques:
https://css-tricks.com/dont-overthink-it-grids/
(NB: this layout uses floats. We could use
display:inline-blockor Flexbox instead.)

LAYOUTS - THE NEW GRID DISPLAY
PROPERTY
There is also a new display:gridproperty, which is a
recent CSS addition like display:flex. At this time it is
still better to use Flexbox (display:flex).

AGENDA
How to make a website responsive.

LEVEL ONE
Convert widths to percentages
Size fonts in ems
Identify columns that can be stacked

LEVEL TWO
Determine what content is extra
Does that h1 need an h2 under it?
Will that one liner get the visitor to understand my site
or is it extra?
Determine what content needs to be visible
Is it necessary to show my entire nav if there are other
ways of getting to navigation?
Identify extra styling
Do my columns need a border if they're stacked?

Fewd week7 slides

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