Fire Safety training presentation for Fire Marshals and fire Wardens

Fuel
Any combustible material – solid, liquid or gas
Oxygen
The air we breathe is
about 21% oxygen –
fire needs only
16% oxygen
Heat
The energy necessary to
increase the temperature of
fuel to where sufficient
vapors are given off for
ignition to occur
Each of these three elements must be present at
the same time to have a fire. A fire will burn until
one or more of the elements is removed.

There are 4 classes of fire:
Class A
Ordinary combustibles or fibrous material, such as
wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and some plastics.
Class B
Flammable or combustible liquids such as gasoline,
kerosene, paint, paint thinners and propane.
Class C
Energized electrical equipment, such as appliances,
switches, panel boxes and power tools.
Class D
Certain combustible metals, such as magnesium,
titanium, potassium, and sodium.

Class  Ordinary Combustibles:
To Prevent Fires
• Keep storage and working areas free of trash.
• Place oily rags in covered containers.

Class  Flammable liquids or gases:
 Don’t refuel gasoline-powered equipment in a confined space,
in the presence of an open flame, or while the equipment is hot.
 Keep flammable liquids stored in a tightly closed container and
away from spark producing sources.
 Use flammable liquids only in well ventilated areas.

Class  Electrical Equipment:
 Never install a fuse rated higher than specified for the circuit.
 Investigate any appliance or electrical equipment that smells
strange. Unusual odors can be the first sign of a potential fire.
 Utility lights should always have some type of wire guard over
them.

Class  Flammable metals:
• Knowledge of the properties of the metals and using good judgment
and common sense will assist you in controlling or avoiding
potential fires/reactions.

• Check the location of fire alarms and know how they work.
• Learn your building evacuation plan.
• Know where your two nearest exits are located.
Learn how doors swing and where stairs lead.
• Make sure nothing blocks fire pulls, extinguishers
and emergency exits.
• Learn the sound of your building fire alarm.
• Post emergency numbers (including security
and first aid) near your telephone.
• Make sure you know what to do if the fire alarm sounds. Plan your escape.
Be prepared for a fire emergency

 Do not assume that anyone else has already called the
fire department.
 Stay calm and be prepared to answer the operator’s
questions regarding the emergency.
 EVACUATE !
Dial 997
Emergency Number And Safety
Emergency Number
When you notice a fire:
 Pull the nearest fire alarm “pull station” while exiting the floor.
 If there is no pull station:

When you hear the fire alarm:
 Leave at once, taking direction from
the emergency warden.
 Do not delay yourself by gathering
personal items. Your safety always comes first.
 Before you open any door, feel the door with the back of
your hand. If the door is cold, slowly open it a crack.
 If there is no smoke in hallways or stairwells and Get out
quickly using designated fire exits.

 Close doors behind you, however do NOT lock the door. Locking
the door hinders the fire department’s search and rescue efforts.
 The stairway will be your primary escape route. Never, never use
elevators under any circumstances.
 Once in the stairway, proceed down to the first floor and out of the
building. Never go up.
When you hear the fire alarm (continued):

 Before you open any door, feel the door with the back of your hand.
If the door is warm to the touch, DO NOT attempt to open the door.
 Stuff the cracks around doors with towels, rags, clothing or tape,
and cover vents to keep out smoke.
 Stay low to the floor, and if possible, cover your mouth and nose
with a damp cloth or dust mask to help you breathe.
 If there is a phone in the room where
you are trapped, call the fire department
to tell them exactly where you are located.
Do this even if you see fire apparatus
on the street below.
If you are trapped in smoke or heat:

 Wait at a window and signal for help. Do not panic or jump!!
WAIT!
 If possible, open the window at the top
or bottom, but do not break it, you may
need to close the window if smoke rushes in.
 Be patient. Rescuing all the occupants
of a building can take several hours.
If you are trapped (continued):

After a fire emergency:
 Once you are out of the building, STAY OUT!
Do not go back inside for any reason.
 Report to your safety department at your
designated assembly point.
 Tell the safety department if you know of anyone
trapped inside the building.
 Only re-enter if and when the safety department
tells you it is safe to do so.

In the event of a fire,
your personal safety is your
most important concern.
Remember – you are
not required to fight a fire.

 Call the Civil defence and safety department
 Confirm that the fire is small and is not spreading.
 Confirm you have a safe path to an exit not threatened
by the fire.
 You know what kind of
extinguisher is required
and the correct extinguisher
is immediately at hand.
BEFORE you consider fighting a fire . . .

 The fire is spreading beyond the immediate area in
which it started, or if it is already a large fire.
 The fire could block your escape route.
 You are unsure of the proper operation of the
extinguisher.
 You doubt that the extinguisher you are holding is
designed for the type of fire at hand or is large
enough to fight the fire.
NEVER fight a fire if . . .

Different Kinds of Extinguishers
The most common fire extinguishers:
– Water
– Carbon Dioxide
– Multi-Purpose Dry Powder(ABC)
Each kind of extinguisher has a specific
use

All Purpose Water
• Use on CLASS A fires
• Pressurized water
• Pressure gauge present

Carbon Dioxide
• Use on CLASS B
and CLASS C fires
• Hard, plastic nozzle
• No pressure gauge

Multi-Purpose Dry Powder
• Use on CLASS A,
CLASS B, and
CLASS C fires
• Fine powder under
pressure
• Pressure gauge
present

P.A.S.S. Method
Pull the pin
This will allow you to
squeeze the handle in
order to discharge the
extinguisher

P.A.S.S. Method
Aim at the base
of the fire
Aiming at the middle
will do no good.
The agent will pass
through the flames.

P.A.S.S. Method
Squeeze the
handle
This will release the
pressurized
extinguishing agent

P.A.S.S. Method
Sweep side to
side
Cover the entire area
that is on fire.
Continue until fire is
extinguished. Keep an
eye on the area for
re-lighting.

Fire Safety training presentation for Fire Marshals and fire Wardens

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Fire Safety training presentation for Fire Marshals and fire Wardens