First introduction to wireless sensor networks
Download as pptx, pdf8 likes4,018 views
This document provides an introduction to wireless sensor networks, including that they consist of multiple sensor nodes distributed over a geographical area that can communicate wirelessly. It describes the basic components of sensor nodes and classifications of sensor networks as either proactive or reactive. Several common communication protocols for sensor networks are outlined, including directed diffusion, SPIN, hierarchical routing, and cluster-based routing such as LEACH. The document also discusses the goals and requirements of wireless sensor networks, as well as some example applications.
1 of 14
Downloaded 567 times
Recommended
Ip security 
Ip security Dr.K.Sreenivas Rao The document provides an overview of IP security (IPSec) by discussing the security problem with the current Internet protocol, understanding the TCP/IP model, where security can be implemented in the network stack, and the goals and services provided by IPSec. It describes the key components of IPSec including security associations, modes of operation for authentication header and encapsulating security payload, and key management. In addition, it provides examples of real-world IPSec deployment and summaries of the authentication header and encapsulating security payload protocols.
Leach protocol
Leach protocolcalcutta institute of engineering and management,kolkata The document discusses the LEACH protocol and DECSA improvement for wireless sensor networks. It describes the two phases of LEACH - the set-up phase where cluster heads are chosen and the steady-state phase where data is transmitted. DECSA considers both distance and residual energy to select cluster heads, forming a three-level hierarchy. DECSA prolongs network lifetime by 31% and reduces energy consumption by 40% compared to the original LEACH protocol.
wireless sensor network
wireless sensor networkA. Shamel wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network performance requirement, Mac, medium access control, Mac protocols
C I D R
C I D Rcolmbennett The document discusses the transition from classful networks to classless inter-domain routing (CIDR) networks. CIDR allows for more flexibility in assigning blocks of IP addresses and improves routing efficiency by allowing routes to be aggregated. Valid CIDR blocks must have the host bits set to zero so the address falls on the network boundary. Large blocks are allocated by regional organizations like RIPE and then assigned to ISPs and other organizations in smaller blocks.
Wimax / ieee 802.16
Wimax / ieee 802.16ankita pandey The WiMAX MAC encapsulates data packets from higher layers through various sublayers. It adds headers at each sublayer for functions like security, bandwidth allocation, and multiple access control before the data is encoded and transmitted through the physical layer using modulation schemes like OFDM. This ensures efficient transmission of data over the wireless medium according to QoS priorities and security requirements.
Attacks in MANET
Attacks in MANETSunita Sahu This document discusses security issues and attacks in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It provides an introduction to MANETs and their characteristics. It outlines the general objectives of analyzing flooding attacks on MANETs and preventing such attacks for networks with high node mobility. It describes common attacks on MANETs such as flooding attacks, blackhole attacks, wormhole attacks, and Byzantine attacks. The document also discusses security mechanisms for MANETs including preventive cryptography-based approaches and reactive intrusion detection system approaches. It stresses the need for comprehensive security solutions to deal with the diverse attacks that are facilitated by the open and dynamic nature of MANETs.
Black hole attack
Black hole attackRicha Kumari Black Hole Attack:
A malicious node advertises the wrong paths as good paths to the source node during the pathfinding process.
When the source selects the path including the attacker node, the traffic starts passing through the adversary node and this node starts dropping the packets selectively or in whole.
Black hole region is the entry point to a large number of harmful attacks.
Network topology by ananya shukla
Network topology by ananya shuklaananya_shukla This document discusses different network topologies. It describes bus, star, ring, tree, mesh, and hybrid topologies. For each topology, it provides details on the basic design, advantages, and disadvantages. Bus topology uses a single cable to connect all nodes without devices in between. Star topology connects all nodes to a central hub. Ring topology connects all devices in a continuous loop without a central server.
Wireless Sensor Networks UNIT-1
Wireless Sensor Networks UNIT-1Easy n Inspire L Wireless Sensor Networks UNIT-1
You can watch my lectures at:
Digital electronics playlist in my youtube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_fItK7wBO6zdWHVPIYV8dQ?view_as=subscriber
My Website : https://easyninspire.blogspot.com/
Security issues and attacks in wireless sensor networks
Security issues and attacks in wireless sensor networksMd Waresul Islam Here you will find several attacks on wireless network as well as some possible way of prevention and also some applications.
Classification of routing protocols
Classification of routing protocolsMenaga Selvaraj This document discusses different types of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. It begins by classifying routing protocols into four categories: proactive (table-driven), reactive (on-demand), hybrid, and geographic location-assisted. It then provides more details on proactive protocols like DSDV, and reactive protocols like DSR and AODV. For DSDV, it describes how routing tables are regularly exchanged and updated when link breaks occur. For DSR and AODV, it explains how routes are discovered on-demand via route requests and replies. Key differences between DSR and AODV are also summarized.
Security in wireless sensor network
Security in wireless sensor networkAdit Pathak This document summarizes key aspects of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) including common threats, operational paradigms, and key distribution techniques. It discusses the main operational paradigms of WSNs: simple collection and transmittal, forwarding, receive and process commands, self-organization, and data aggregation. For each, it outlines vulnerabilities and potential solutions. It also summarizes three common key distribution schemes: using a single network-wide key, asymmetric cryptography, and pairwise keys. For each it discusses properties and drawbacks regarding resilience, scalability, and memory requirements.
security in wireless sensor networks
security in wireless sensor networksVishnu Kudumula This document discusses security issues and proposed solutions for wireless sensor networks. It begins by defining wireless sensor networks and describing common applications. It then outlines several security threats like denial of service attacks, wormhole attacks, sybil attacks, and traffic analysis attacks. It also discusses proposed cryptography and authentication schemes to provide data confidentiality, integrity, and freshness. Finally, it advocates for a holistic security approach that considers all network layers rather than focusing on single layers.
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkMadhumita Tamhane Developed by ITU-T, ISDN is a set of protocols that combines digital telephony and data transport services to digitise the telephone network to permit the transmission of audio, video and text over existing telephone line. ISDN is an effort to standardise subscriber services, provide user or network interface and facilitate the inter-networking capabilities of existing voice and data networks. The goal of ISDN is to form a wide area network that provides universal end-to-end connectivity over digital media by integrating separate transmission services into one without adding new links or subscriber links.
WLAN
WLANMukesh Chinta A wireless local area network (WLAN) uses radio frequency technology to transmit and receive data over the air, providing mobility and flexibility as an extension or alternative to wired networks. Key advantages of WLANs include productivity, convenience, lower installation costs and mobility. However, WLANs also have disadvantages such as higher costs for wireless network cards and access points, susceptibility to environmental interference, and lower bandwidth capacity compared to wired networks. Common applications of WLANs include use in corporate, education, medical and temporary settings.
IS-95 Cdma
IS-95 Cdmayogesh singh IS-95 CDMA is an air interface standard that uses code division multiple access (CDMA). It employs various techniques to improve system capacity and performance, including bandwidth recycling, power control, soft handoffs, diversity combining, and variable rate vocoding. Key aspects of IS-95 include the use of quadrature phase shift keying modulation at a 1.2288 Mcps chip rate, forward error correction coding, and multiple logical channels (pilot, sync, paging, traffic) defined using orthogonal Walsh codes.
wireless sensor network
wireless sensor networkDeepaDasarathan 1. A wireless sensor network consists of hundreds of thousands of sensor nodes that communicate wirelessly. Each node contains sensors, computing devices, radio transceivers, and power components.
2. The nodes self-organize into a network infrastructure using multi-hop communication. They measure environmental conditions like temperature and transmit the data back to a base station.
3. The main challenges for wireless sensor networks include limited resources of each node, fault tolerance, long network lifetime, scalability, and adaptability to changing conditions and tasks. Energy-efficient communication protocols and in-network processing are required to address these challenges.
Security in GSM
Security in GSMDr. Ramchandra Mangrulkar GSM security aims to authenticate SIM cards connecting to the network and encrypt wireless communications between mobile phones and the core network. The authentication center authenticates each SIM using authentication triplets to generate an encryption key for encrypting voice and SMS data. While the A5 algorithm encrypts communications, the A3 and A8 algorithms perform authentication and generate session keys, with COMP128 implementing these functions through table lookups and compression. Currently, only the COMP128v1 SIM cards can be cloned, as that version has been cracked, and it accounts for 70% of SIM cards in use.
Zigbee Presentation
Zigbee PresentationMaathu Michael zigbee is a new wireless technolgy Designed for low power consumption allowing batteries to essentially last for ever....
wireless sensor network ppt
wireless sensor network pptPramod Kuruvatti Vijayanand Metri presented a seminar on wireless sensor networks under the guidance of Prof. Surekha of the computer science and engineering department at GEC Haveri. The presentation covered the introduction, architecture, types, characteristics, features, issues, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of wireless sensor networks. It discussed sensor nodes, ad hoc deployment, unattended operation, environmental monitoring, health monitoring, and concluded that WSNs consist of small sensor nodes that can solve many open issues practically and cost-effectively.
IP Sec - Basic Concepts
IP Sec - Basic ConceptsAvadhesh Agrawal This ppt introduces the person with basic concepts of IP Sec. It touches upon, AH and ESP along with Tunnel/Transport Mode.
Security issues in manet
Security issues in manetflowerjaan this ppt is useful for both b.e/b.tech students as well as for mca students. in this ppt u will find different types of security issues in manet and their countermeasures.
Ad-Hoc Networks
Ad-Hoc NetworksMshari Alabdulkarim The document discusses ad-hoc networks and their key characteristics. It describes several challenges in ad-hoc networks including limited battery power, dynamic network topology, and scalability issues. It also summarizes several ad-hoc network routing protocols (e.g. DSDV, AODV, DSR), addressing both table-driven and on-demand approaches. Additionally, it outlines some ad-hoc MAC protocols like MACA and PAMAS that aim to manage shared wireless medium access.
6LoWPAN 
6LoWPAN Pradeep Kumar TS The document discusses IPv6 over wireless personal area networks (6LoWPAN). It describes challenges like small IPv6 and UDP packet headers not fitting in 802.15.4 frames. It overviews how 6LoWPAN compresses headers, fragments packets, and allows IPv6 networks to connect over low power wireless links. Key concepts covered are 6LoWPAN dispatch codes, frame formats, header compression principles, and fragmentation/reassembly.
M.Tech: WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORK Assignment I
M.Tech: WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORK Assignment IVijayananda Mohire This document discusses mobile communication principles and digital cellular systems. It describes the key components of a cellular system including cells, clusters, frequency reuse, and handoffs. It also explains the components of a cellular network such as mobile stations, base stations, databases, security mechanisms, and gateways. Finally, it provides an overview of digital cellular technologies including TDMA, GSM, PCS, and CDMA systems and how they improve capacity over early analog systems.
Application Layer Protocols for the IoT
Application Layer Protocols for the IoTDamien Magoni A 5-part course on the two most popular application layer protocols for the IoT namely MQTT and CoAP.
Wsn unit-1-ppt
Wsn unit-1-pptSwathi Ch This document provides an overview of wireless sensor networks. It discusses key definitions, advantages, applications and challenges. Sensor networks can provide energy and detection advantages over traditional systems. They enable applications in various domains including military, environmental monitoring, healthcare and home automation. The document also outlines enabling technologies and discusses important considerations like network architectures, hardware components, energy consumption and optimization goals.
Routing and routing algorithms
Routing and routing algorithmsBhatt Aadil Routing is the mechanism for finding the most cost-effective path from source to destination in a packet switching network. There are several desirable properties for routing algorithms including correctness, robustness, stability, fairness, and efficiency. Common routing strategies include fixed/static routing, flooding, random routing, flow-based routing, and adaptive/dynamic routing. Fixed routing selects predetermined routes that may only change if the network topology changes, while flooding explores all possible routes by sending every incoming packet out every outgoing line except the one it arrived on.
Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensor NetworksKarthik A basic ready made presentation on wireless sensor networks. I will also upload the document from which the ppt was made.
Abstract sensor networks
Abstract sensor networksGaurav Tiwari This 3 sentence summary provides the high level and essential information from the document:
Sensor network technologies have advanced, enabling low-cost, low-power sensor nodes to collaborate over ad hoc wireless networks, collectively sensing their environment, processing and sharing data to actively create smart environments with anytime, anywhere access to information.
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Wireless Sensor Networks UNIT-1
Wireless Sensor Networks UNIT-1Easy n Inspire L Wireless Sensor Networks UNIT-1
You can watch my lectures at:
Digital electronics playlist in my youtube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_fItK7wBO6zdWHVPIYV8dQ?view_as=subscriber
My Website : https://easyninspire.blogspot.com/
Security issues and attacks in wireless sensor networks
Security issues and attacks in wireless sensor networksMd Waresul Islam Here you will find several attacks on wireless network as well as some possible way of prevention and also some applications.
Classification of routing protocols
Classification of routing protocolsMenaga Selvaraj This document discusses different types of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. It begins by classifying routing protocols into four categories: proactive (table-driven), reactive (on-demand), hybrid, and geographic location-assisted. It then provides more details on proactive protocols like DSDV, and reactive protocols like DSR and AODV. For DSDV, it describes how routing tables are regularly exchanged and updated when link breaks occur. For DSR and AODV, it explains how routes are discovered on-demand via route requests and replies. Key differences between DSR and AODV are also summarized.
Security in wireless sensor network
Security in wireless sensor networkAdit Pathak This document summarizes key aspects of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) including common threats, operational paradigms, and key distribution techniques. It discusses the main operational paradigms of WSNs: simple collection and transmittal, forwarding, receive and process commands, self-organization, and data aggregation. For each, it outlines vulnerabilities and potential solutions. It also summarizes three common key distribution schemes: using a single network-wide key, asymmetric cryptography, and pairwise keys. For each it discusses properties and drawbacks regarding resilience, scalability, and memory requirements.
security in wireless sensor networks
security in wireless sensor networksVishnu Kudumula This document discusses security issues and proposed solutions for wireless sensor networks. It begins by defining wireless sensor networks and describing common applications. It then outlines several security threats like denial of service attacks, wormhole attacks, sybil attacks, and traffic analysis attacks. It also discusses proposed cryptography and authentication schemes to provide data confidentiality, integrity, and freshness. Finally, it advocates for a holistic security approach that considers all network layers rather than focusing on single layers.
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkMadhumita Tamhane Developed by ITU-T, ISDN is a set of protocols that combines digital telephony and data transport services to digitise the telephone network to permit the transmission of audio, video and text over existing telephone line. ISDN is an effort to standardise subscriber services, provide user or network interface and facilitate the inter-networking capabilities of existing voice and data networks. The goal of ISDN is to form a wide area network that provides universal end-to-end connectivity over digital media by integrating separate transmission services into one without adding new links or subscriber links.
WLAN
WLANMukesh Chinta A wireless local area network (WLAN) uses radio frequency technology to transmit and receive data over the air, providing mobility and flexibility as an extension or alternative to wired networks. Key advantages of WLANs include productivity, convenience, lower installation costs and mobility. However, WLANs also have disadvantages such as higher costs for wireless network cards and access points, susceptibility to environmental interference, and lower bandwidth capacity compared to wired networks. Common applications of WLANs include use in corporate, education, medical and temporary settings.
IS-95 Cdma
IS-95 Cdmayogesh singh IS-95 CDMA is an air interface standard that uses code division multiple access (CDMA). It employs various techniques to improve system capacity and performance, including bandwidth recycling, power control, soft handoffs, diversity combining, and variable rate vocoding. Key aspects of IS-95 include the use of quadrature phase shift keying modulation at a 1.2288 Mcps chip rate, forward error correction coding, and multiple logical channels (pilot, sync, paging, traffic) defined using orthogonal Walsh codes.
wireless sensor network
wireless sensor networkDeepaDasarathan 1. A wireless sensor network consists of hundreds of thousands of sensor nodes that communicate wirelessly. Each node contains sensors, computing devices, radio transceivers, and power components.
2. The nodes self-organize into a network infrastructure using multi-hop communication. They measure environmental conditions like temperature and transmit the data back to a base station.
3. The main challenges for wireless sensor networks include limited resources of each node, fault tolerance, long network lifetime, scalability, and adaptability to changing conditions and tasks. Energy-efficient communication protocols and in-network processing are required to address these challenges.
Security in GSM
Security in GSMDr. Ramchandra Mangrulkar GSM security aims to authenticate SIM cards connecting to the network and encrypt wireless communications between mobile phones and the core network. The authentication center authenticates each SIM using authentication triplets to generate an encryption key for encrypting voice and SMS data. While the A5 algorithm encrypts communications, the A3 and A8 algorithms perform authentication and generate session keys, with COMP128 implementing these functions through table lookups and compression. Currently, only the COMP128v1 SIM cards can be cloned, as that version has been cracked, and it accounts for 70% of SIM cards in use.
Zigbee Presentation
Zigbee PresentationMaathu Michael zigbee is a new wireless technolgy Designed for low power consumption allowing batteries to essentially last for ever....
wireless sensor network ppt
wireless sensor network pptPramod Kuruvatti Vijayanand Metri presented a seminar on wireless sensor networks under the guidance of Prof. Surekha of the computer science and engineering department at GEC Haveri. The presentation covered the introduction, architecture, types, characteristics, features, issues, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of wireless sensor networks. It discussed sensor nodes, ad hoc deployment, unattended operation, environmental monitoring, health monitoring, and concluded that WSNs consist of small sensor nodes that can solve many open issues practically and cost-effectively.
IP Sec - Basic Concepts
IP Sec - Basic ConceptsAvadhesh Agrawal This ppt introduces the person with basic concepts of IP Sec. It touches upon, AH and ESP along with Tunnel/Transport Mode.
Security issues in manet
Security issues in manetflowerjaan this ppt is useful for both b.e/b.tech students as well as for mca students. in this ppt u will find different types of security issues in manet and their countermeasures.
Ad-Hoc Networks
Ad-Hoc NetworksMshari Alabdulkarim The document discusses ad-hoc networks and their key characteristics. It describes several challenges in ad-hoc networks including limited battery power, dynamic network topology, and scalability issues. It also summarizes several ad-hoc network routing protocols (e.g. DSDV, AODV, DSR), addressing both table-driven and on-demand approaches. Additionally, it outlines some ad-hoc MAC protocols like MACA and PAMAS that aim to manage shared wireless medium access.
6LoWPAN
6LoWPAN Pradeep Kumar TS The document discusses IPv6 over wireless personal area networks (6LoWPAN). It describes challenges like small IPv6 and UDP packet headers not fitting in 802.15.4 frames. It overviews how 6LoWPAN compresses headers, fragments packets, and allows IPv6 networks to connect over low power wireless links. Key concepts covered are 6LoWPAN dispatch codes, frame formats, header compression principles, and fragmentation/reassembly.
M.Tech: WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORK Assignment I
M.Tech: WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORK Assignment IVijayananda Mohire This document discusses mobile communication principles and digital cellular systems. It describes the key components of a cellular system including cells, clusters, frequency reuse, and handoffs. It also explains the components of a cellular network such as mobile stations, base stations, databases, security mechanisms, and gateways. Finally, it provides an overview of digital cellular technologies including TDMA, GSM, PCS, and CDMA systems and how they improve capacity over early analog systems.
Application Layer Protocols for the IoT
Application Layer Protocols for the IoTDamien Magoni A 5-part course on the two most popular application layer protocols for the IoT namely MQTT and CoAP.
Wsn unit-1-ppt
Wsn unit-1-pptSwathi Ch This document provides an overview of wireless sensor networks. It discusses key definitions, advantages, applications and challenges. Sensor networks can provide energy and detection advantages over traditional systems. They enable applications in various domains including military, environmental monitoring, healthcare and home automation. The document also outlines enabling technologies and discusses important considerations like network architectures, hardware components, energy consumption and optimization goals.
Routing and routing algorithms
Routing and routing algorithmsBhatt Aadil Routing is the mechanism for finding the most cost-effective path from source to destination in a packet switching network. There are several desirable properties for routing algorithms including correctness, robustness, stability, fairness, and efficiency. Common routing strategies include fixed/static routing, flooding, random routing, flow-based routing, and adaptive/dynamic routing. Fixed routing selects predetermined routes that may only change if the network topology changes, while flooding explores all possible routes by sending every incoming packet out every outgoing line except the one it arrived on.
Viewers also liked (18)
Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensor NetworksKarthik A basic ready made presentation on wireless sensor networks. I will also upload the document from which the ppt was made.
Abstract sensor networks
Abstract sensor networksGaurav Tiwari This 3 sentence summary provides the high level and essential information from the document:
Sensor network technologies have advanced, enabling low-cost, low-power sensor nodes to collaborate over ad hoc wireless networks, collectively sensing their environment, processing and sharing data to actively create smart environments with anytime, anywhere access to information.
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKTejas Wasule Wireless sensor networks combine sensing, computation and communication capabilities into small sensor nodes. A wireless sensor network consists of multiple sensor nodes that communicate wirelessly to perform distributed sensing tasks. Each sensor node contains components for power, computation, sensing and communication. Security is important for wireless sensor networks due to their widespread applications and vulnerabilities like traffic analysis attacks and Sybil attacks. Common security techniques for wireless sensor networks include encryption, cryptography and access control protocols.
wireless sensor network my seminar ppt
wireless sensor network my seminar pptEisha Madhwal The document discusses wireless sensor networks and describes their key characteristics. It notes that wireless sensor networks consist of low-power smart sensor nodes distributed over a large field to enable wireless sensing and data networking. The sensor nodes contain sensors, processors, memory, and radios. Wireless sensor networks can be either unstructured with dense node distribution or structured with few scattered nodes.
Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensor Networksrajatmal4 This document discusses wireless sensor networks. It outlines their applications such as environmental monitoring, health care, and military uses. It also examines factors that influence sensor network design like fault tolerance, scalability, production costs, and power consumption. The communication architecture of sensor networks is presented, including the application, transport, network, data link, and physical layers. Sensor networks have the potential to be widely used in many applications due to their flexibility and fault tolerance.
Unit VIII wireless sensor networks
Unit VIII wireless sensor networkssangusajjan - Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are autonomous systems of wireless nodes that can dynamically change topology as nodes move. Routing must adapt to these changes.
- There are two main categories of routing protocols: table-driven protocols proactively maintain consistent, up-to-date routing tables whereas on-demand protocols only determine routes when needed.
- Examples of protocols include DSDV as a table-driven protocol and AODV as an on-demand protocol, with AODV using route requests and replies to discover routes only when transmitting data.
Wireless Sensor Networks ppt
Wireless Sensor Networks pptDevdutta Chakrabarti This document summarizes a seminar presentation on wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It begins with introductions to WSNs, describing them as networks of spatially distributed sensors that monitor conditions like temperature, sound or pollution. It then covers the architecture of WSNs, including special addressing requirements, the architecture of sensor nodes, and differences between WSNs and mobile ad hoc networks. The document discusses applications, design challenges, advantages and disadvantages of WSNs. It concludes by discussing the future potential of WSNs in applications like smart homes and offices.
UNDER WATER SENSOR NETWORK ENERGY BASED
UNDER WATER SENSOR NETWORK ENERGY BASEDMaharishi markandeshwar University Seminar on underwater sensor network in which we are focusing on energy conservation or how to regain the energy in the sensor from tidal energy this is generating the new concept in this field
Ppt on low power wireless sensor network 5th sem
Ppt on low power wireless sensor network 5th semshikhathegreat this is all about low power wireless sensor network.this is my seminar topic in 5yh sem. i am student of jiet group of institute.
Fire accident avoidance on running train using zigbee wireless sensor network
Fire accident avoidance on running train using zigbee wireless sensor networkDivakar Triple H a advanced automatic fire detection and alarming system in train which uses zig bee technology
i am issuing the basic and core concept in this silde share presentation
Introduction of Wireless Sensor Network
Introduction of Wireless Sensor NetworkMuhammad Kaife Uddin This document is a project report submitted by two students, Mohammad Kafee Uddin and Aloukik Mishra, to the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Indian School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Computer Science and Engineering. The report surveys routing protocols for wireless sensor networks and provides a classification of different routing protocols according to their mode of functioning, participation style of nodes, and network structure.
Wireless sensor network and its application
Wireless sensor network and its applicationRoma Vyas The document discusses wireless sensor networks (WSN) and their applications. It defines a WSN as a collection of sensor nodes that communicate wirelessly and self-organize after deployment. Sensor nodes collect data at regular intervals, convert it to electrical signals, and send it to a base station. The document outlines the components of sensor nodes and describes how WSNs are used for applications like forest fire detection, air/water pollution monitoring, landslide detection, and military surveillance. It also discusses the TinyOS operating system commonly used for WSNs and its features for efficiently utilizing energy in sensor nodes.
Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensor NetworksPradipta Ghosh A wireless sensor network consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensor nodes that monitor physical or environmental conditions. Sensor nodes gather data and relay it back to a main location. Wireless sensor networks enable monitoring of conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, pressure, or motion over large areas. They have applications in industries such as agriculture, environmental protection, health care, home and building automation, and transportation.
Wireless sensor network
Wireless sensor networkcalcutta institute of engineering and management,kolkata this will be very useful for those who are seeking a good ppt on wireless sensor network,,have a look
wireless sensor network
wireless sensor networkdakshata26 This document discusses designing, analyzing, and implementing wireless sensor networks for performance. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their applications. It then discusses various routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, including location-based, hierarchical, and data-centric protocols. It defines some problems with existing approaches, such as excessive delay and energy consumption. It proposes a new system with phases for initialization, chain leader selection, chain head selection, data transmission, and dead node analysis. It discusses how this system would work and evaluates it based on energy consumption, network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, packet drop ratio, and dead node ratio. It also provides some application examples and references related work.
Wireless sensor networks (Yogesh Chandra Fulara)
Wireless sensor networks (Yogesh Chandra Fulara)Yogesh Fulara This document provides an overview of wireless sensor networks. It discusses wireless communication technologies, the need for wireless communication, and defines wireless sensor networks. It describes the characteristics, architecture, operating systems, applications, and technical challenges of wireless sensor networks. Finally, it discusses some companies that manufacture wireless sensor network products, including Cisco, IBM, and Libelium.
paper presentation _ survey of wireless sensor netwrok
paper presentation _ survey of wireless sensor netwrokejbyun77 The document discusses recent trends in wireless sensor network research, including an overview of different wireless sensor network technologies and applications. It also examines the role of middleware in supporting wireless sensor networks by providing common communication mechanisms and processing sensed data to abstract high-level information. Several existing middleware platforms and programming models are described that aim to achieve scalability, low power consumption, and efficient data aggregation and querying in wireless sensor networks.
Basics of Wireless sensor networks
Basics of Wireless sensor networksRushin Shah This document provides an overview of wireless sensor networks and their applications. It discusses that a sensor network is comprised of sensing, computing, and communication elements that allow an administrator to instrument, observe and react to events in an environment. There are typically four basic components: sensors, an interconnecting network, a central point for information clustering, and computing resources to handle the data. Common applications of sensor networks include military surveillance, environmental monitoring, and infrastructure/facility monitoring.
Similar to First introduction to wireless sensor networks (20)
Sensor net
Sensor netInes Bahram The document discusses wireless sensor networks and their applications. It provides information on key aspects of wireless sensor networks including smart sensors, ad hoc network topology, wireless communication modalities, and applications such as environmental monitoring, civil structure monitoring, and health care. Distributed relaying is shown to decrease the power consumption per sensor node. Hierarchical data processing and communication architectures can improve energy efficiency in large sensor networks.
Some Aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks
Some Aspects of Wireless Sensor Networkspijans The development of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various applications like Defense, Health,
Environment monitoring, Industry etc. always attract many researchers in this field. WSN is the network
which consists of collection of tiny devices called sensor nodes. Sensor node typically combines wireless
radio transmitter-receiver and limited energy, restricted computational processing capacity and
communication band width. These sensor node sense some physical phenomenon using different
transduces. The current improvement in sensor technology has made possible WSNs that have wide and
varied applications. While selecting the right sensor for application a number of characteristics are
important. This paper provides the basics of WSNs including the node characteristics. It also throws light
on the different routing protocols.
Some aspects of wireless sensor networks
Some aspects of wireless sensor networkspijans The development of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various applications like Defense, Health,
Environment monitoring, Industry etc. always attract many researchers in this field. WSN is the network
which consists of collection of tiny devices called sensor nodes. Sensor node typically combines wireless
radio transmitter-receiver and limited energy, restricted computational processing capacity and
communication band width. These sensor node sense some physical phenomenon using different
transduces. The current improvement in sensor technology has made possible WSNs that have wide and
varied applications. While selecting the right sensor for application a number of characteristics are
important. This paper provides the basics of WSNs including the node characteristics. It also throws light
on the different routing protocols.
Ii2414621475
Ii2414621475IJERA Editor This document provides an overview of wireless sensor networks, including their architecture, requirements, and differences from conventional networks. Wireless sensor networks consist of dense deployments of sensor nodes that self-organize into a collaborative network. The nodes have stringent limitations on energy, computing power, and bandwidth. They monitor physical conditions and transmit aggregated sensor data in a multi-hop fashion to sink nodes for collection and analysis. Routing protocols are critical given the constraints of wireless sensor networks.
Routing protocolsin Wireless sensor network 
Routing protocolsin Wireless sensor network dilip pareek This document provides an overview and critical review of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their applications. It then discusses several related works on routing protocols. The main body discusses different types of routing protocols, including location-based protocols like MECN and GEAR, hierarchical protocols like LEACH and PEGASIS, and data-centric protocols like SPIN and Directed Diffusion. It provides examples of each type and evaluates them based on factors like energy efficiency, scalability, reliability and more. Finally, it lists references for further reading on routing protocols in wireless sensor networks.
wireless sensor network
wireless sensor networkPramod Kuruvatti The document discusses wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It describes WSNs as consisting of distributed sensors that monitor conditions like temperature, sound, and pressure and transmit data to a central location. Modern networks are bidirectional, enabling sensor control. WSNs were initially developed for military surveillance but are now used in industrial and consumer applications. They pose challenges in deployment, location tracking, coverage, and integration of different sensor types on a single platform. Advances in energy harvesting and self-organizing networks could enable millions of low-cost sensor nodes. WSNs have applications in intrusion detection, health monitoring, and location detection.
Final PPT.pptx
Final PPT.pptxShrutiGupta858540 It's a ppt on "Evaluation of different performance matrices of wireless sensor network using DSR routing protocol using Ns2 simulator
Wireless Sensor Network and Applicationspptx
Wireless Sensor Network and ApplicationspptxAparna1205 Wireless Sensor Network, Its Characteristics, Architecture, Protocol Stack of WSN, Wireless Sensor Node, Applications of WSN.
Wireless sensor network
Wireless sensor networkNeha Kulkarni Wireless sensor networks make use of sensor nodes distributed in a sensor node field. There are many factors that influence the sensor network design. Sensor networks have their own protocol stack aligned with the OSI model.
Ids presentation
Ids presentationSolmaz Salehian The document discusses energy-efficient intrusion detection techniques for wireless sensor networks. It summarizes routing protocols used in WSNs and proposes using hybrid anomaly and misuse detection at cluster heads in hierarchical routing to increase detection rates while reducing energy consumption. For flat-based routing, it suggests using statistical anomaly detection at each node. For location-based routing, it proposes detecting intrusions based on location and trust information to limit communication between distant nodes and the base station. Simulation results on real sensor network data show the approaches can effectively detect intrusions while preserving energy.
Sensor networks a survey
Sensor networks a surveywsnapple Wireless sensor networks are composed of densely deployed sensor nodes that can cooperatively monitor phenomena. The document outlines applications of sensor networks like environmental monitoring and health monitoring. It discusses factors influencing sensor network design such as fault tolerance, scalability, hardware constraints, and power consumption. It also describes the communication architecture of sensor networks including the physical, data link, network, transport, and application layers and open research issues at each layer.
Node Deployment in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network
Node Deployment in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor NetworkIJMTST Journal Optimal sensor deployment is necessary condition in homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless sensor
network. Effective deployment of sensor nodes is a major point of concern as performance and lifetime of any
WSN. Proposed sensor deployment in WSN explore every sensor node sends its data to the nearest sink node
of the WSN. In addition to that system proposes a hexagonal cell based sensor deployment which leads to
optimal sensor deployment for both homogeneous and heterogeneous sensor deployment. Wireless sensor
networks are receiving significant concentration due to their potential applications ranging from surveillance
to tracking domains. In limited communication range, a WSN is divided into several disconnected sub-graphs
under certain conditions. We deploy sensor nodes at random locations so that it improves performance of the
network.This paper aims to study, discuss and analyze various node deployment strategies and coverage
problems for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous WSN.
A review of Hierarchical energy Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network
A review of Hierarchical energy Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networkiosrjce IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
G017344246
G017344246IOSR Journals This document provides an overview of hierarchical energy protocols in wireless sensor networks. It discusses several key protocols including LEACH, PEGASIS, TEEN, and APTEEN. LEACH is described as a clustered-based protocol that randomly selects cluster heads to help distribute the energy load. PEGASIS is presented as an improvement on LEACH that forms chains between sensor nodes to help reduce energy usage. TEEN is a reactive protocol designed for time-critical applications, using hard and soft thresholds to reduce transmissions. Finally, APTEEN is summarized as an extension of TEEN that aims to support both periodic data collection and responding to important events.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Network structure routing_protocols_in_wsn
Network structure routing_protocols_in_wsnGr Patel This document summarizes key routing protocols proposed for network structure in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It classifies routing protocols into three categories: flat-based, hierarchical-based, and location-based routing. Flat-based routing treats all nodes equally, while hierarchical-based routing uses cluster heads to reduce energy consumption. Location-based routing exploits node positions. Key protocols discussed include SPIN, directed diffusion, LEACH, PEGASIS, and SOP. The document provides an overview of how each protocol operates and its advantages.
Energy aware routing for wireless sensor networks
Energy aware routing for wireless sensor networksThesis Scientist Private Limited In this thesis work, firstly an attempt have been made to evaluate the performance of DSR and OLSR routing protocol in mobile and static environments using Random Waypoint model, and also investigate how well these selected protocols performs on WSNs. energy efficient routing in wireless sensor networks thesis
5.a robust frame of wsn utilizing localization technique 36-46
5.a robust frame of wsn utilizing localization technique 36-46Alexander Decker This document discusses localization techniques for wireless sensor networks. It begins by defining localization as identifying a sensor node's position and explains that localization is a fundamental challenge for wireless sensor networks. It then describes two main categories of localization techniques: range-based and range-free. Range-based techniques use distance or angle measurements between nodes to determine positions but require expensive hardware. Range-free techniques estimate positions based on neighboring node information and are less expensive but less accurate. The document reviews several specific localization algorithms from previous research and discusses their advantages and limitations.
11.0005www.iiste.org call for paper.a robust frame of wsn utilizing localizat...
11.0005www.iiste.org call for paper.a robust frame of wsn utilizing localizat...Alexander Decker This document discusses localization techniques for wireless sensor networks. It begins by defining localization as identifying a sensor node's position and explains how accuracy is important. It then describes two main categories of localization techniques: range-based and range-free. Range-based uses distance or angle measurements between nodes for higher accuracy but requires expensive hardware. Range-free relies on information from nearby nodes and is less accurate but cheaper. The document reviews several specific localization algorithms from previous research and their limitations. It concludes by stating that energy efficiency is critical for wireless sensor networks due to limited battery life.
Complete report on DATA ACQUISITION SCHEME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Complete report on DATA ACQUISITION SCHEME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKRutvik Pensionwar With the development in data acquisition system, information-collection plays an increasingly important role in the field of Wireless Technology. There has been tremendous increase in the use of sensors in each and every field. In order to get fast response from these sensors the delay should be reduced. Also the congestion in the network should be tackled to increase the efficiency. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of many tiny wireless sensors which operate in an environment in order to collect data. In a typical WSN, data is gathered from environment by sensor nodes and then transmitted to a base station. All these operations are executed by sensor nodes with keeping in mind the limitation of power. Reliable communication, power efficiency, network congestion issues are among major concerns. So in our project our main focus is to avoid the packet loss by increasing the network efficiency and handling the congestion in the network by proper buffer management. Finally visualization of processed data is done at the base station and the future enhancement could be to directly send the sensed data to cloud storage.
More from PlusOrMinusZero (20)
Deep into to Deep Learning Starting from Basics
Deep into to Deep Learning Starting from BasicsPlusOrMinusZero This presentation provides an introduction to the deeper aspects of deep learning starting from basics. The first part of the presentation begins with the definition of an artificial neuron and goes up to a description of the back-propagation algorithm. The second part deals with autoencoders, convolutional neural networks and allied concepts. In the third part, the deeper aspects of the deep learning methodology are presented by discussing special algorithms LeNet, AlexNet, GoogLeNet and FaceNet.
The Untold Story of Indian Origins of Claculus
The Untold Story of Indian Origins of ClaculusPlusOrMinusZero This presentation explores the story of Indian origins of calculus which is not usually told in traditional school/college mathematics textbooks in India. It traces the story in three steps: The idea that calculus had its origins in India also gets proposed, the idea gets traction and finally the idea obtains approval from international mathematical community. Then, the presentation gives a glimpse of the calculus related concepts found in indigenous Indian mathematical literature like Aryabhatiya, Yuktibhasha, etc.
World environment day 2019 celebration
World environment day 2019 celebrationPlusOrMinusZero A slideshow created as part the World Environment Day 2019 Celebration in Vidya Academy of Science and Technology, Thrissur - 680501, India.
Preseenting Vidya Mobile (An Android app for VAST)
Preseenting Vidya Mobile (An Android app for VAST)PlusOrMinusZero This is the slideshow used on the occasion of the launching of the Android app "Vidya Mobile", an app created as a mobile platform for Vidya Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), Thissur-680501, Kerala, India. It appears that, as on the launching of "Vidya Mobile", no other similar college in Kerala (probably in India) has developed such a mobile app. VAST is the the first educational institution in Kerala (probably in India) to have such a comprehensive mobile app. This slideshow is released to the public in the hope that it might help other educational institutions in developing their own mobile apps
An introduction to TeX and LaTeX
An introduction to TeX and LaTeXPlusOrMinusZero This document provides information about Donald Knuth's computer programming work, the TeX and LaTeX typesetting systems, and how to use LaTeX. It discusses that Knuth created TeX as a typesetting system to create beautiful documents and avoid typographical issues. It then explains that Leslie Lamport built upon TeX to create LaTeX, a document preparation system used for medium to large technical and scientific documents. The document concludes by giving examples of LaTeX commands for formatting text, sections, mathematics, and more.
Fractional calculus and applications
Fractional calculus and applicationsPlusOrMinusZero This document discusses fractional calculus and its applications. It begins with an introduction to fractional calculus, which involves defining derivatives and integrals of arbitrary real or complex order. Naive approaches to defining fractional derivatives are inconsistent. The document then motivates a rigorous definition by generalizing the formula for differentiation to non-integer orders. This generalized formula reduces to the standard formula when the order is a positive integer.
On Sangamagrama Madhava's (c.1350 - c.1425) Algorithms for the Computation of...
On Sangamagrama Madhava's (c.1350 - c.1425) Algorithms for the Computation of...PlusOrMinusZero Sangamagrama Madhava was an astronomer/mathematician who flourished during the fourteenth century CE in Kerala, India. He is credited with the discovery of the power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions. These slides present a closer look at the algorithms and methods used by Madhava to compute the values of the sine and cosine functions.
Linear algebra behind Google search
Linear algebra behind Google searchPlusOrMinusZero This document discusses Google's approach to assigning importance scores to web pages and summarizing the key challenges faced by earlier unsuccessful approaches. It describes Google ranking pages based on the concept of importance scores derived from backlinks, and three early attempts - counting backlinks, summing the scores of backlinking pages, and distributing forward page scores to backlinks - that failed to adequately capture importance. The third approach ran into issues with dangling nodes having no outgoing links and disconnected webs lacking unique importance scores.
Technical writing: Some guidelines
Technical writing: Some guidelinesPlusOrMinusZero A slide show to give an introduction to the basic concepts of writing styles, especially technical writing, to engineering students.
Almost all about Google Drive
Almost all about Google DrivePlusOrMinusZero This document provides an overview of Google Drive and how to use its various features. It begins with preliminaries about Google Drive and its two components: My Drive in the web and the Google Drive folder installed on PCs. It then details how to access My Drive, upload files, perform file operations like sharing, install the Google Drive folder, manage storage space, use Google Drive on mobile devices, limitations for Linux, and how to uninstall Google Drive. The document serves as a user guide for Google Drive's basic functions and capabilities.
First Introduction to Fractals
First Introduction to FractalsPlusOrMinusZero This document discusses different types of fractals including the Koch snowflake, Sierpinski triangle, Pythagorean tree, and Mandelbrot set. It provides definitions of fractals and outlines their key properties like self-similarity and infinite complexity. Construction methods are described for different fractals along with examples and references to online animations showing their self-similar patterns. Applications of fractals are also briefly mentioned.
Mobile Communications Sajay K R
Mobile Communications Sajay K RPlusOrMinusZero The document summarizes the history of mobile communication from 1G to 4G technologies. It discusses the evolution from early analog 1G systems developed in the 1970s-80s to 2G digital GSM networks in the 1980s-90s capable of voice and limited data. 3G systems launched in the late 1990s provided improved voice quality and higher speed data up to 2Mbps. Emerging 4G technologies are expected to offer data rates from 20-100Mbps. The document also provides an overview of the fundamental principles of cellular networks and discusses GSM as the most widely used 2G digital standard globally.
Performance Tuning by Dijesh P
Performance Tuning by Dijesh PPlusOrMinusZero The document discusses principles of computer performance and optimization. It explains that according to Amdahl's law, the most important principle is to optimize for common cases over rare cases. Amdahl's law defines speedup from enhancements based on the fraction of time improved and the improvement achieved. The document also discusses factors that affect CPU time like clock rate, instructions per cycle, and instruction count. It covers principles of locality, characteristics of instruction set architectures, and addressing modes in memory.
On finite differences, interpolation methods and power series expansions in i...
On finite differences, interpolation methods and power series expansions in i...PlusOrMinusZero The document discusses concepts in numerical analysis developed by ancient Indian mathematicians including Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara I, and Madhava. It describes Aryabhata's difference table for sines, which was actually the first table of differences rather than values. It explains Brahmagupta's second-order interpolation formula, making him the first to develop such an interpolation method. It also outlines Bhaskara I's rational polynomial approximation to calculate sines and Madhava's work with power series expansions.
World environment day 2010 vidya academy mca renjith sankar
World environment day 2010 vidya academy mca renjith sankarPlusOrMinusZero A prize winning entry in a two-hour slide-show preparation contest organised as part of the observance of WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY 2010 in the Department of Computer Applications, Vidya Academy of science and Technology, Thrissur, India.
World environment day 2010 vidya academy mca steffi lazar
World environment day 2010 vidya academy mca steffi lazarPlusOrMinusZero A prize winning entry in a two-hour slide-show preparation contest organised as part of the observance of WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY 2010 in the Department of Computer Applications, Vidya Academy of science and Technology, Thrissur, India.
An introduction to free software
An introduction to free softwarePlusOrMinusZero The document introduces free software and discusses its key concepts. It defines software and explores the meanings of "free" as it relates to software freedom rather than cost. The four essential freedoms of free software are explained as the freedom to use, study, share, and modify software. A program is considered free software if it grants users all four of these freedoms. The free software movement was started by Richard Stallman in 1983 to promote these ideals of software freedom. Major organizations that support the development and distribution of free software like the Free Software Foundation are also discussed.
Introduction to Computer Algebra Systems
Introduction to Computer Algebra SystemsPlusOrMinusZero This presentation gives a brief overview of the capabilities of software packages known as 'computer algebra systems'. The stress is on symbolic and graphic computations. Maple is used as a vehicle to illustrate the concepts.
pi to a trillion digits : How and Why?
pi to a trillion digits : How and Why?PlusOrMinusZero Describes the mathematical and programming concepts involved in the computation of the value of pi correct to a trillion or more decimal digits..
A prize winning entry in a two-hour slide-show presentation contest on World ...
A prize winning entry in a two-hour slide-show presentation contest on World ...PlusOrMinusZero World Environment Day is celebrated on June 5th each year to promote environmental awareness and encourage action to protect the planet. The theme for 2009 was "Your Planet Needs You - UNITE to Combat Climate Change" and focused on finding sustainable solutions through individual actions like tree planting, clean energy use, reducing waste. The document encourages people to appreciate nature, conserve resources, and live sustainably to preserve the earth's beauty for future generations.
Recently uploaded (20)
What are the Features & Functions of Odoo 18 SMS Marketing
What are the Features & Functions of Odoo 18 SMS MarketingCeline George A key approach to promoting a business's events, products, services, and special offers is through SMS marketing. With Odoo 18's SMS Marketing module, users can notify customers about flash sales, discounts, and limited-time offers.
LDMMIA About me 2025 Edition 3 College Volume
LDMMIA About me 2025 Edition 3 College VolumeLDM & Mia eStudios Updated About Me. Used for former college assignments.
Make sure to catch our weekly updates. Updates are done Thursday to Fridays or its a holiday/event weekend.
Thanks again, Readers, Guest Students, and Loyalz/teams.
This profile is older. I started at the beginning of my HQ journey online. It was recommended by AI. AI was very selective but fits my ecourse style. I am media flexible depending on the course platform. More information below.
AI Overview:
“LDMMIA Reiki Yoga refers to a specific program of free online workshops focused on integrating Reiki energy healing techniques with yoga practices. These workshops are led by Leslie M. Moore, also known as LDMMIA, and are designed for all levels, from beginners to those seeking to review their practice. The sessions explore various themes like "Matrix," "Alice in Wonderland," and "Goddess," focusing on self-discovery, inner healing, and shifting personal realities.”
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptx
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptxYale School of Public Health - The Virtual Medical Operations Center (VMOC) CURRENT CASE COUNT: 880
• Texas: 729 (+5) (56% of cases are in Gaines County)
• New Mexico: 78 (+4) (83% of cases are from Lea County)
• Oklahoma: 17
• Kansas: 56 (38.89% of the cases are from Gray County)
HOSPITALIZATIONS: 103
• Texas: 94 - This accounts for 13% of all cases in the State.
• New Mexico: 7 – This accounts for 9.47% of all cases in New Mexico.
• Kansas: 2 - This accounts for 3.7% of all cases in Kansas.
DEATHS: 3
• Texas: 2 – This is 0.28% of all cases
• New Mexico: 1 – This is 1.35% of all cases
US NATIONAL CASE COUNT: 1,076 (confirmed and suspected)
INTERNATIONAL SPREAD
• Mexico: 1,753 (+198) 4 fatalities
‒ Chihuahua, Mexico: 1,657 (+167) cases, 3 fatalities, 9 hospitalizations
• Canada: 2518 (+239) (Includes Ontario’s outbreak, which began November 2024)
‒ Ontario, Canada: 1,795 (+173) 129 (+10) hospitalizations
‒ Alberta, Canada: 560 (+55)
Things to keep an eye on:
Mexico: Three children have died this month (all linked to the Chihuahua outbreak):
An 11-month-old and a 7-year-old with underlying conditions
A 1-year-old in Sonora whose family is from Chihuahua
Canada:
Ontario now reports more cases than the entire U.S.
Alberta’s case count continues to climb rapidly and is quickly closing in on 600 cases.
Emerging transmission chains in Manitoba and Saskatchewan underscore the need for vigilant monitoring of under-immunized communities and potential cross-provincial spread.
United States:
North Dakota: Grand Forks County has confirmed its first cases (2), linked to international travel. The state total is 21 since May 2 (including 4 in Cass County and 2 in Williams County), with one hospitalization reported.
OUTLOOK: With the spring–summer travel season peaking between Memorial Day and Labor Day, both domestic and international travel may fuel additional importations and spread. Although measles transmission is not strictly seasonal, crowded travel settings increase the risk for under-immunized individuals.
LDMMIA Free Reiki Yoga S7 Weekly Workshops
LDMMIA Free Reiki Yoga S7 Weekly WorkshopsLDM & Mia eStudios ♥☽✷♥
Make sure to catch our weekly updates. Updates are done Thursday to Fridays or its a holiday/event weekend.
Thanks again, Readers, Guest Students, and Loyalz/teams.
This profile is older. I started at the beginning of my HQ journey online. It was recommended by AI. AI was very selective but fits my ecourse style. I am media flexible depending on the course platform. More information below.
AI Overview:
“LDMMIA Reiki Yoga refers to a specific program of free online workshops focused on integrating Reiki energy healing techniques with yoga practices. These workshops are led by Leslie M. Moore, also known as LDMMIA, and are designed for all levels, from beginners to those seeking to review their practice. The sessions explore various themes like "Matrix," "Alice in Wonderland," and "Goddess," focusing on self-discovery, inner healing, and shifting personal realities.”
♥☽✷♥
“So Life Happens-Right? We travel on. Discovering, Exploring, and Learning...”
These Reiki Sessions are timeless and about Energy Healing / Energy Balancing.
A Shorter Summary below.
A 7th FREE WORKSHOP
REiki - Yoga
“Life Happens”
Intro Reflections
Thank you for attending our workshops. If you are new, do welcome. We have been building a base for advanced topics. Also, this info can be fused with any Japanese (JP) Healing, Wellness Plans / Other Reiki /and Yoga practices.
Power Awareness,
Our Defense.
Situations like Destiny Swapping even Evil Eyes are “stealing realities”. It’s causing your hard earned luck to switch out. Either way, it’s cancelling your reality all together. This maybe common recently over the last decade? I noticed it’s a sly easy move to make. Then, we are left wounded, suffering, accepting endless bad luck. It’s time to Power Up. This can be (very) private and quiet. However; building resources/EDU/self care for empowering is your business/your right. It’s a new found power we all can use for healing.
Stressin out-II
“Baby, Calm down, Calm Down.” - Song by Rema, Selena Gomez (Video Premiered Sep 7, 2022)
Within Virtual Work and VR Sims (Secondlife Metaverse) I love catching “Calm Down” On the radio streams. I love Selena first. Second, It’s such a catchy song with an island feel. This blends with both VR and working remotely.
Its also, a good affirmation or mantra to *Calm down* lol.
Something we reviewed in earlier Workshops.
I rarely mention love and relations but theres one caution.
When we date, almost marry an energy drainer/vampire partner; We enter doorways of no return. That person can psychic drain U during/after the relationship. They can also unleash their demons. Their dark energies (chi) can attach itself to you. It’s SYFI but common. Also, involving again, energy awareness. We are suppose to keep our love life sacred. But, Trust accidents do happen. The Energies can linger on. Also, Reiki can heal any breakup damage...
(See Pres for more info. Thx)
0b - THE ROMANTIC ERA: FEELINGS AND IDENTITY.pptx
0b - THE ROMANTIC ERA: FEELINGS AND IDENTITY.pptxJulián Jesús Pérez Fernández Powerpoint introductorio en inglés sobre el Romanticismo.
How to Use Owl Slots in Odoo 17 - Odoo Slides
How to Use Owl Slots in Odoo 17 - Odoo SlidesCeline George In this slide, we will explore Owl Slots, a powerful feature of the Odoo 17 web framework that allows us to create reusable and customizable user interfaces. We will learn how to define slots in parent components, use them in child components, and leverage their capabilities to build dynamic and flexible UIs.
"Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids pptx
"Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids pptxArshad Shaikh Orthoptera is an order of insects that includes grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids. Characterized by their powerful hind legs, Orthoptera are known for their impressive jumping ability. With diverse species, they inhabit various environments, playing important roles in ecosystems as herbivores and prey. Their sounds, often produced through stridulation, are distinctive features of many species.
Education Funding Equity in North Carolina: Looking Beyond Income
Education Funding Equity in North Carolina: Looking Beyond IncomeEducationNC From the Center for Racial Equity in Education, research affiliate Kris Nordstrom studies education funding equity across North Carolina.
Order: Odonata Isoptera and Thysanoptera.pptx
Order: Odonata Isoptera and Thysanoptera.pptxArshad Shaikh
*Odonata*: Odonata is an order of insects that includes dragonflies and damselflies. Characterized by their large, compound eyes and agile flight, they are predators that feed on other insects, playing a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance.
*Isoptera*: Isoptera is an order of social insects commonly known as termites. These eusocial creatures live in colonies with complex social hierarchies and are known for their ability to decompose wood and other cellulose-based materials, playing a significant role in ecosystem nutrient cycling.
*Thysanoptera*: Thysanoptera, or thrips, are tiny insects with fringed wings. Many species are pests that feed on plant sap, transmitting plant viruses and causing damage to crops and ornamental plants. Despite their small size, they have significant impacts on agriculture and horticulture.
Critical Thinking and Bias with Jibi Moses
Critical Thinking and Bias with Jibi MosesExcellence Foundation for South Sudan The PDF titled "Critical Thinking and Bias" by Jibi Moses aims to equip a diverse audience from South Sudan with the knowledge and skills necessary to identify and challenge biases and stereotypes. It focuses on developing critical thinking abilities and promoting inclusive attitudes to foster a more cohesive and just society. It defines bias as a tendency or prejudice affecting perception and interactions, categorizing it into conscious and unconscious (implicit) biases. The content highlights the impact of societal and cultural conditioning on these biases, particularly within the South Sudanese context.
QUIZ-O-FORCE FINAL SET BY SUDIPTA & SUBHAM.pptx
QUIZ-O-FORCE FINAL SET BY SUDIPTA & SUBHAM.pptxSourav Kr Podder QUIZ-O-FORCE 3.0 FINAL SET BY SUDIPTA & SUBHAM
Odoo 18 Point of Sale PWA - Odoo Slides
Odoo 18 Point of Sale PWA - Odoo SlidesCeline George Progressive Web Apps (PWA) are web applications that deliver an app-like experience using modern web technologies, offering features like offline functionality, installability, and responsiveness across devices.
Protest - Student Revision Booklet For VCE English
Protest - Student Revision Booklet For VCE Englishjpinnuck The 'Protest Student Revision Booklet' is a comprehensive resource to scaffold students to prepare for writing about this idea framework on a SAC or for the exam. This resource helps students breakdown the big idea of protest, practise writing in different styles, brainstorm ideas in response to different stimuli and develop a bank of creative ideas.
Paper 110A | Shadows and Light: Exploring Expressionism in ‘The Cabinet of Dr...
Paper 110A | Shadows and Light: Exploring Expressionism in ‘The Cabinet of Dr...Rajdeep Bavaliya Dive into the haunting worlds of German Expressionism as we unravel how shadows and light elevate ‘The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari’ and ‘Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror’ into timeless masterpieces. Discover the psychological power of chiaroscuro, distorted sets, and evocative silhouettes that shaped modern horror. Whether you’re a film buff or a budding cinephile, this journey through post‑WWI trauma and surreal visuals will leave you seeing movies in a whole new light. Hit play, share your favorite shock‑and‑awe moment in the comments, and don’t forget to follow for more deep‑dives into cinema’s most influential movements!
M.A. Sem - 2 | Presentation
Presentation Season - 2
Paper - 110A: History of English Literature – From 1900 to 2000
Submitted Date: April 1, 2025
Paper Name: History of English Literature – From 1900 to 2000
Topic: Shadows and Light: Exploring Expressionism in ‘The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari’ and ‘Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror’
[Please copy the link and paste it into any web browser to access the content.]
Video Link: https://youtu.be/pWjHqo6clT4
For a more in-depth discussion of this presentation, please visit the full blog post at the following link:
Please visit this blog to explore additional presentations from this season:
Hashtags:
#GermanExpressionism #SilentHorror #Caligari #Nosferatu #Chiaroscuro #VisualStorytelling #FilmHistory #HorrorCinema #CinematicArt #ExpressionistAesthetics
Keyword Tags:
Expressionism, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Nosferatu, silent film horror, film noir origins, German Expressionist cinema, chiaroscuro techniques, cinematic shadows, psychological horror, visual aesthetics
How to Add a Custom Menu, List view and FIlters in the Customer Portal Odoo 18
How to Add a Custom Menu, List view and FIlters in the Customer Portal Odoo 18Celine George To create a new menu in the "My Accounts" portal and set up a list/form view in Odoo 18, follow these steps. For Example- The custom menu has now been added to the "Fleet" customer portal.
Exploring Identity Through Colombian Companies
Exploring Identity Through Colombian CompaniesOlgaLeonorTorresSnch Students will research and orally present a Colombian company using a visual tool, in order to develop their communication skills and intercultural understanding through the exploration of identity, innovation, and local culture, in connection with the IB global themes.
Research Handbook On Environment And Investment Law Kate Miles
Research Handbook On Environment And Investment Law Kate Milesmucomousamir Research Handbook On Environment And Investment Law Kate Miles
Research Handbook On Environment And Investment Law Kate Miles
Research Handbook On Environment And Investment Law Kate Miles
[2025] Qualtric XM-EX-EXPERT Study Plan | Practice Questions + Exam Details![[2025] Qualtric XM-EX-EXPERT Study Plan | Practice Questions + Exam Details](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2025qualtricxm-ex-expertstudyplanpracticequestionsexamdetails-250527093747-448c8922-thumbnail.jpg?width=560&fit=bounds)
[2025] Qualtric XM-EX-EXPERT Study Plan | Practice Questions + Exam DetailsJenny408767 Pass the SAP XM-EX-EXPERT exam with expert-designed practice tests, accurate questions, and a 100% success guarantee. Start your prep today!
How to Manage Orders in Odoo 18 Lunch - Odoo Slides
How to Manage Orders in Odoo 18 Lunch - Odoo SlidesCeline George The Lunch module in Odoo 18 helps users place their food orders, making meal management seamless and efficient. It allows employees to browse available options, place orders, and track their meals effortlessly.
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptx
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptxYale School of Public Health - The Virtual Medical Operations Center (VMOC)
First introduction to wireless sensor networks
- 1. A First Introduction toWireless Sensor NetworksAparna S BalanVidya Academy of Science and Technology, Thrissur -680 501, India16 July 2010
- 2. Wireless Sensor Networks Number of sensors spread across a geographical area.
- 5. some level of intelligence
- 8. Schematic of NodePowerSignalProcessorWireless Transmitter/ ReceiverProcessing And Decision MakingSensorsControl
- 9. Classification of Sensor NetworksProactive
- 10. provides the snapshot of the relevant parameters at regular intervals
- 11. Reactive
- 12. nodes react immediately to the eventsProtocols for Sensor NetworksTo avoid collision at a time only one node will transmit
- 13. Static channel allocation
- 14. If N node, bandwidth is divided into N equal partitions
- 15. Dynamic channel allocation
- 16. No fixed assignment of bandwidthProtocols for Sensor Networks Directed Diffusion
- 17. SPIN
- 20. LEACHBase StationSecond Level Cluster HeadFirst Level Cluster HeadSimple Sensor Nodes
- 21. Goal of WSN Determine value of some parameters
- 22. Detect the occurrence of events
- 23. Classify a detected object
- 24. Track an objectWSN requirementsLarge number of sensors
- 25. Low energy use
- 27. Collaborative signal processing
- 28. Querying abilityApplications Defense Application
- 30. Detect Environmental changes
- 31. Motor Vehicle traffic monitoringThanks …